1,721,037 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Rare mendelian forms of obesity and diabetes and their implications for treatment outcomes
Get PDFObesity and diabetes are becoming epidemic health issues worldwide. In recent decades, a considerable amount of work has been done to study the pathogenicity underlying those diseases, which has led to valuable insights into the genetic basis, treatment and prevention of obesity and diabetes. Nevertheless, despite our more detailed pathophysiological understanding of the rare forms of diabetes and obesity than of more common polygenic forms, we still know little about their prevalence and implications outside specialised genetics services.
In the present work, I have explored the contribution of Mendelian forms of obesity in individuals with severe obesity. Initial segregation analyses of families with an obese proband, led to the identification of an oligogenic mode of inheritance for obesity. This was followed by re-analysis of pre-existing whole exome sequencing data from 91 individuals with extreme obesity, which revealed an additional 21 possible causative variants in known monogenic/syndromic obesity genes and three further cases of oligogenic inheritance. In addition, 11 candidate variants were identified in genes suggested by rodent models of obesity and/or diabetes, but not previously reported in humans.
To further expand the analysis, a unique custom genotyping array focusing on, obesity and diabetes mellitus (T2D, and monogenic forms of diabetes) was designed to be applied to a larger number of samples (N=2068). Application of the array led to the identification of a total of 161 potential causative variants in 40 monogenic obesity/syndromic obesity genes, with a putative diagnostic yield of 11%. Initial analysis suggests that having one of these putative Mendelian forms of obesity resulted in no statistical difference in percentage weight loss at 2 years post-surgery and diabetes remission.
Our first analysis on obesity indicates that the use of a custom-designed genotyping array for specific rare diseases may be an advantageous first level screening strategy in terms of cost and time. The work presented here also suggests that the true prevalence of Mendelian forms of obesity among bariatric surgery patients is likely to be high - this presents a significant unmet need for genetic analysis and follow-up.
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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Contribution of common and rare genetic variation to adiposity and metabolic phenotype
Get PDFObesity is a major health concern with cardiometabolic co-morbidities, affecting more than 650 million people worldwide. Here, I have assessed the contribution of common and rare genetic variation to adiposity and metabolic phenotypes, including identifying genetic factors influencing location of abdominal fat storage. A GWAS of MRI-measured abdominal fat distribution in the UK Biobank (UKBB) identified two novel SNPs at genome-wide significant level: i) in both men and women, rs182052 in ADIPOQ associated with higher visceral adiposity (β=0.114 SD; P=3.04×10-8) and ii) in women only, rs181635166 in NALCN associated with having more subcutaneous abdominal fat (βfemales=0.338 SD, Pfemales=1.51×10-8). A genetic risk score (GRS) composed of “favourable adiposity” SNPs, was associated with 0.040 (0.008) SD (P=1.08×10-6) lower liver fat and preferential lower body, rather than central, adiposity, in women only. In men, it was associated with a higher adiposity overall.
Attention was then turned to examination of the phenotypic implications of rarer genetic variants, revealing that a predicted-deleterious, low frequency variant, rs11568563 (c.A516C, p.E172D, MAF=0.045) in SLCO1A2, conferred diminished and delayed post-prandial increase of conjugated bile acids in plasma, compared to non-carriers, after nutritional challenge tests (OGTT and MMTT): this may have important implications for cardiovascular risk and diabetes. Finally, I examined the phenotypic implications of mutations in the MC4R gene – the commonest form of monogenic obesity. The combined prevalence of 72 rare reportedly-deleterious MC4R mutations in the White British participants of the UKBB (N~330,000) was 0.39%, but only 8/72 mutations showed full penetrance for obesity (S19fs, P48S, N62S, L106P, S136P, F261S, P299H or A303T). There was slight enrichment of LoF mutations in overweight/obese compared to underweight/lean individuals (132 carriers (0.1%) vs 49 carriers (0.04%), P=0.04). This work highlights the need to consider penetrance and expressivity in genetic counselling of families with MC4R mutations.Open Acces
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