53 research outputs found
A model of American foreign trade policy
No full textIn this paper the author explains very complex and developed process of trade policy creation in the United States. He describes the institutional model of trade policy creation, main organs and procedures, and the legal setting for that process. He also gives the basic principles in the realization of American trade policy in all dimensions - bilaterally regionally and multilaterally, that is to say the bilateral relations with main American trading partners, the links of the United States with the main regional economic groupings in the world and the U. S. influence in international economic organizations
International trade regime and modalities of further international trade in services liberalization
No full textУ првом делу су проучене теоријске претпоставке за анализу
међународне трговине услугама. Представљена су виђења важнијих
међународних организација у погледу дефинисања и класификације
услуга. Посвећена је пажња и проблемима у статистичком праћењу
међународне трговине услугама и указано је на значај сектора услуга на
привредни развој сваке земље и на развој међународне трговине.
У другом делу су анализирани међународни трговински и
инвестициони токови у сектору услуга. Такође су размотрени и ефекти
либерализације трговине услугама на друштвени бруто производ и
кретања платног биланса.
Трећи део је посвећен међународном трговинском режиму за
услуге. Размотрен је режим трговине услугама за време ГАТТ и правила
СТО за трговину услугама. То подразумева анализу Општег споразума о
трговини услугама и специфичности либерализације трговине услугама
под окриљем СТО. На крају овог дела, идентификован је просечан ниво
либерализације трговине услугама у оквиру СТО. Упоређени су нивои
либерализације трговине услугама најутицајнијих чланица СТО и
чланица које су у скорије време приступиле СТО.
У четвртом делу је анализиран процес даље либерализације
трговине услугама у оквиру СТО. Посматран је досадашњи ток преговора
у оквиру Доха рунде мултилатералних трговинских преговора, као и
утицај регионалних интеграција и иницијатива на ове преговоре.
Анализиран је и утицај различитих нивоа либерализације на домаћу
привреду.
У петом делу су сазнања из претходног истраживања примењена
на Србију. Пошто је Србија у процесу преговора о приступању СТО,
најпре су идентификоване и објашњене карактеристике тог процеса.
Након тога је анализиран досадашњи ток и тренутно стање у
преговорима. Пре него што се приступило анализи утицајa различитих
нивоа либерализације, размотрен је и значај сектора услуга за привреду
Србије.Theoretical preconditions for analysis of international trade with
services are discussed in the first part. The definitions and classifications of
services, set by the most important international organizations are presented.
Attention is drawn to the problems in keeping statistical records of
international trade with services and to the importance of services sector to
national economies and development of international trade.
In the second part, international trade and investment flows are
analyzed. Also, the effects of liberalization on GDP and balance of payment
are discussed.
Third part is about international trade regime for services. It`s origin is
identified during GATT and WTO rules and regulations for international trade
with services are taken into consideration. General Agreement for trade in
Services and the level of liberalization of trade with services within WTO are
analyzed.
In the fourth part there is a discussion about the process of further
liberalization of international trade with services. Both parts of this process,
regional and global and their interaction are analyzed. The influences of
different levels of services trade liberalization on domestic economy are
tested.
In the last part, everything that is previously mentioned is connected to
Serbia. Before that, since Serbia is currently in the WTO Accession Process,
main characteristics of the Process are explained. The analysis is then
directed to current status in negotiations, importance of services sector for
Serbian economy and the influences of different levels of services trade
liberalization
(In)Visible Hand(s)
No full textIn this paper, the author discusses the regulatory role of the state and legal norms, in market economy, especially in so-called transition countries. Legal policy, and other questions of the state and free market economy are here closely connected, because the state must ensure with legal norms that economic processes are not interrupted: only the state can establish the legal basis for a market economy. The free market’s invisible hand is acting in questions such as: what is to be produced, how much is to be produced, for whom it is to be produced, how it is to be produced. During the transition period but also in the establishnig EU, the role of legal norms is much more important then it (is) would be expected: problems of transition are more connected with ethics and psychology, then with legislation.Law and economics, legal norms, (de)regulation, State
Nathan from Gaza
No full textNathan iz Gaze (1643?-1680), punog imena Nathan Benjamin ben Elisha Hayyim haLevi Ashkenazi ili Ghazzati, bio je teolog, kabalista i pisac rođen u Jerusalemu. Nakon ženidbe 1663. godine preselio se u Gazu, gde je postao poznat kao promoter jevrejskog mesijskog pretendenta Šabetaja Cvija (Shabetaj Zvi / Sabbataij Zevij) opravdavajući njegove postupke, uključujući i njegovo konačno otpadništvo. Putovao je po južnoslovenskim zemljama i Italiji šireći mesijansko učenje Šabetaja Cvija koje se temeljilo na Lurijanskoj doktrini Kabale. Umro je u 37 godini, 11. januara 1680., u Skoplju u Makedoniji. Zbog osobitosti njegovog lika, rada i mesta boravljenja ovde predstavljamo tri izvora koji nam donose potpuniju sliku o njegovom delovanju: Nathan of Gaza - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia / Ghazzati, Nathan Benjamin ben Elisha ha-Levi - From Jewish Encyclopedia / Granice mesijanizma: refleksije povodom slučaja Natana iz Gaze - Krstić Predrag i Između mita i stvarnosti: (pre)oblikovanje legende o Natanu iz Gaze u srpskoj/jugoslovenskoj periodici - Albahari Biljana/.Nathan of Gaza (1644?-1680), also Nathan Benjamin ben Elisha Hayyim haLevi Ashkenazi or Ghazzati, was a theologian, a kabbalist and author born in Jerusalem. After his marriage in 1663, he moved to Gaza, where he became famous as a propagandist for the Jewish messiah pretender Shabetaj Zvi (Sabbatai Zevi). He justified his actions, including his final apostasy. He traveled throughout South Slavic countries and Italy spreading the messianic teaching of Shabetaj Zvi theories based on the Lurianic doctrine of Kabbalah. He died at the age of 37, on January 11, 1680, in Skopje, Macedonia. Due to the especially nature of his character, work and place of residence, we present here three sources that bring us a more complete picture of his work: Nathan of Gaza – From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia / Ghazzati, Nathan Benjamin ben Elisha ha-Levi – From Jewish Encyclopedia / The limits of messianism: reflections on the case of Nathan from Gaza - Krstić Predrag and Between myth and reality: (re)shaping the legend of Nathan from Gaza in Serbian/Yugoslav periodicals - Albahari Biljana/.Nathan of Gaza - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - link [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathan_of_Gaza]Ghazzati, Nathan Benjamin ben Elisha ha-Levi - From Jewish Encyclopedia - link [https://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6651-ghazzati-nathan-benjamin-ben-elisha-ha-levi
A middleware for distributing XML data between mobile application servers
No full textThis research seeks to introduce architecture of new approach of distributing XML data files between different mobile application servers. The importance of this study is to set a multi level of security defense for interchanging XML data files between different servers. The main objective and goal of this study is to transmit XML data files between different Mobile Application Server (MAS) using internet cloud infrastructure in a secured manner coupled with reliability and quality of communication. Taking into consideration that the system architecture attribute is to be independent, scalable and flexible of using cloud computing. Furthermore, this architecture designed to minimize the risk of any alteration, data loss, data abuse, data misuse of XML critical business data information. As cloud computing, using existing cloud network infrastructure to get advantage of the scalability, operational efficiency, and control of data flow are big consideration in this architecture. A test has been made to measure the performance of the Real-time Interactive Data Exchange system (RIDX), one by using standard TCP protocol, and one by using RIDX UDP protocol. As a result, starting from 4 nodes up to 10 nodes in the cloud, RIDX architecture performance showed good results, conversely the study showed that using RIDX UDP protocol as a transport protocol gives better performance than standard TCP, moreover, using RIDX UDP transport protocol assures the reliability and lossless of data transmission to all nodes, therefore, RIDX acts as a reliable multicast transmission
Poverty
No full text[No abstract available]Berkman L, 2000, SOCIAL INTEGRATION S; Berkman LF, 2000, SOC SCI MED, V51, P843, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(00)00065-4; BLACKWOOD DL, 1994, WORLD DEV, V22, P567, DOI 10.1016-0305-750X(94)90112-0; Bonn M, 1999, J ECON PSYCHOL, V20, P593, DOI 10.1016-S0167-4870(99)00026-4; Booth C, 1902, LIFE LABOUR PEOPLE L; Bradshaw J., 1998, PERCEPTIONS POVERTY; Braveman P, 2003, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V81, P539; Braveman P, 2003, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V57, P254, DOI 10.1136-jech.57.4.254; Brock K., 1999, REV PARTICIPATORY WO; BUHMANN B, 1988, REV INCOME WEALTH, P115; Burchardt T., 2002, UNDERSTANDING SOCIAL; CITRO C, 1995, MEASURING POVERTY; DASGUPTA P, 1987, ADAPTING UNDERNOURIS; Deaton Angus, 1997, ANAL HOUSEHOLD SURVE; Deaton Angus, 2000, COUNTING WORLDS POOR; ELBERS C, 2003, ESTIMATING VULNERABI; FISHER GM, 1992, SOC SECUR BULL, V55, P3; FOSTER J, 1984, ECONOMETRICA, V59, P687; Gold R, 2002, HEALTH PLACE, V8, P77, DOI 10.1016-S1353-8292(01)00027-2; Hawe P, 2000, SOC SCI MED, V51, P871, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(00)00067-8; Hulme D, 2003, WORLD DEV, V31, P399, DOI 10.1016-S0305-750X(02)00214-0; Hulme D., 2001, CHRONIC POVERTY MEAN; KANBUR R, 2002, CONCEPTUAL CHALLENGE; Kawachi I, 2002, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V56, P647, DOI 10.1136-jech.56.9.647; Khawaja M, 2003, INT MIGR, V41, P27, DOI 10.1111-1468-2435.00234; Kobetz E, 2003, HEALTH PLACE, V9, P263, DOI 10.1016-S1353-8292(02)00058-8; Krieger N, 2001, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V55, P693, DOI 10.1136-jech.55.10.693; Lachaud JP, 2004, HEALTH PLACE, V10, P13, DOI 10.1016-S1353-8292(02)00070-9; LANJOUW JO, 1998, DEMYSTIFYING POVERTY; Leon DA, 2001, BRIT MED J, V322, P591, DOI 10.1136-bmj.322.7286.591; Lochner K, 2001, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V91, P385, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.91.3.385; MANN J, 1995, HLTH HUMAN RIGHTS, V1, P309, DOI 10.2307-4065245; Mann Jonathan, 1995, Health Hum Rights, V1, P229, DOI 10.2307-4065135; MCGREGOR JA, 2000, POVERTY AGENCY RESOU; McKay A, 2003, WORLD DEV, V31, P425, DOI 10.1016-S0305-750X(02)00221-8; McMurrin Sterling M., 1980, LIBERTY EQUALITY LAW; Messias E, 2003, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V93, P1294, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.93.8.1294; MOEZ D, 1997, ANAL TOOLS HUM DEV; MOORE M, 1998, HOW CAN WE KNOW WHAT; Muller A, 2002, BRIT MED J, V324, P23, DOI 10.1136-bmj.324.7328.23; Narayan D., 2000, VOICES POOR CAN ANYO; NARAYAN D, 2000, VOICES POOR CRYING C; Narayan Deepa, 1999, BONDS BRIDGES SOCIAL; NIJHUIS HGJ, 1994, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V48, P1, DOI 10.1136-jech.48.1.1-a; Nussbaum M., 2000, WOMEN HUMAN DEV; Pradhan M, 2000, REV ECON STAT, V82, P462, DOI 10.1162-003465300558821; QUISMBING AR, 2001, J DEV ECON, V6, P225; ROBERTS I, 1996, BRIT MED J, V313, P371; Rodgers GB, 2002, INT J EPIDEMIOL, V31, P533, DOI 10.1093-ije-31.3.533; ROWLS J, 1971, THEORY JIUSTICE; Rowntree B., 1901, POVERTY STUDY TOWN L; SCHWARTZMAN S, 2002, STAT MEASUREMENT POV; Sclar ED, 2003, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V93, P1381, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.93.9.1381; Sen A, 1999, DEV FREEDOM; Sen Amartya, 1985, COMMODITIES CAPABILI; SINDZINGRE A, 1999, VALUES NORMS POVERTY; Smith Adam, 1993, WEALTH NATIONS; STEELE A, 1999, BRIT MED J, V319, P203; TARANTOLA D, 2000, BUILDING SYNERGY BET; Townsend P., 1992, INT ANAL POVERTY; UNDP (United Nations Development Programme), 2000, HUM DEV REP 2000 HUM; Wagstaff A, 2002, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V80, P97; WAGSTAFF A, 2001, POVERTY HLTH; Watson D, 2000, J ECON PSYCHOL, V21, P495, DOI 10.1016-S0167-4870(00)00016-7; Weber Max, 1947, THEORY SOCIAL EC ORG; Wilkinson R, 1996, UNHEALTHY SOC AFFLIC; World Bank, 2000, WORLD DEV REP 2000 2118
Search for a heavy composite Majorana neutrino in the final state with two leptons and two quarks at root s=13 TeV
No full textA search for physics beyond the standard model in the final state with two same-flavour leptons (electrons or muons) and two quarks produced in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeVis presented. The data were recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb(-1). The observed data are in good agreement with the standard model background prediction. The results of the measurement are interpreted in the framework of a recently proposed model in which a heavy Majorana neutrino, N-l, stems from a composite-fermion scenario. Exclusion limits are set for the first time on the mass of the heavy composite Majorana neutrino, m(Nl), and the compositeness scale Lambda. For the case m(Nl) = Lambda, the existence of N-e (N-mu) is excluded for masses up to 4.60 (4.70) TeV at 95% confidence level. (C) 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V
Instability of flow boiling in parallel microchannels
No full textHeat exchangers are key components of energy conversion systems, including HVAC&R equipment. The compact microchannel design of a heat exchanger (MCHX) allows for significant reduction of its volume, weight, and raw material, in comparison to conventional fin-and-tube heat exchangers in HVAC&R systems. The current generation of microchannel evaporators along with advantages, such as high heat transfer rate and reduced refrigerant charge, encounters important problems related to flow maldistribution and instabilities in parallel-channels flow. The thermal and hydrodynamic performance of a microchannel evaporator can drastically decrease, due to the presence of instabilities, and maintaining a set point for operational parameters can become challenging.
Microchannels are characterized by a large ratio of surface area to fluid volume, and rapid growth of bubbles in a confined space causes flow parameter oscillations. Fluctuations in pressure, pressure drop, temperature and mass flux can be triggered in the individual channels (ports) and they can affect neighboring channels. For instance, flow oscillations in parallel channels can lead to premature initiation of dryout that reduces the overall heat transfer. This research is motivated by the challenge of predicting flow boiling instabilities in parallel channels, since understanding the nature of these instabilities and their relationship to the operational parameters can be advantageous for the engineering community. Analysis of the pressure drop behavior in parallel non-uniformly heated microchannels is chosen as the primary method to explore instabilities.
The possible nonuniformity of heat flux from channel to channel was studied by solving the conjugate, three-dimensional, transient heat transfer problem of louvered fins bounded with multiport aluminum plates using commercial software (ANSYS FLUENT). While the fin geometry was kept constant in all simulations, two different multiport plate configurations (11 round ports, D=1.2 mm; and 22 square ports, 0.54x0.54 mm) were analyzed at two air face velocities, 1m/s (Re_Lp = 82) and 5m/s (Re_Lp = 410), and two temperature differences, 10K and 20K, between the incoming air and the inside walls of the channels that have constant temperature of 10oC. Air flow was louver directed in both cases, while the large scale vortex shedding from the plate, in addition to the unstable wake of the exit louver, was observed at Re_Lp = 410. The magnitude of the heat flux difference between ΔT=10K and ΔT=20K cases was two times. The results show that the first channel, facing the flow, has the highest heat flux in all cases. The variation of the channel-to-channel heat flux downstream from the leading edge was dependent on the incoming flow velocity and air flow morphology. The overall heat flux difference between the leading channel and the trailing one was 73% at the incoming air velocity of 5 m/s, while this difference was almost 96% at lower velocity of 1 m/s. It might be concluded that a higher air velocity (mass flow rate) corresponds to a lower temperature drop for the air stream, and less variation in the temperature driving potential (port to port) causes less heat flux variation. Overall, the results of numerical simulations prove the presence of heat flux variation between neighboring channels; therefore, the effects of channel-to-channel heat flux variations on flow maldistribution and flow boiling instabilities between neighboring microchannels were considered.
The region of significant flow boiling instabilities in multiple, nonuniformly heated channels bounded by constant pressure drop is predicted by modeling the pressure drop behavior in each individual channel using the internal characteristic or ΔPi-Gi curve. Combination of parallel channels ΔPi-Gi curves and definition of possible flow rate solutions at a given constant pressure drop across all channels can be used to demarcate regions of possible instabilities. In order to accomplish this, theoretical modeling of a single channel ΔP-G curve is undertaken in this research. Two-phase pressure drop was modeled based on semi-empirical correlations of the frictional two-phase pressure drop by Kim & Mudawar (2014), and the void fraction model by Xu & Fang (2014). A single channel characteristic curve model was experimentally validated for two channel sizes 2 mm and 1 mm using refrigerant R245fa at T_sat=24.5oC. The theoretical model consistently predicted the trends in the data very well, and it predicted pressure drop within 19.3% for the 2 mm tube and within 32.5% for the 1 mm tube. Furthermore, the effect of fluid properties, operational parameters, and geometrical parameters of a channel on a single channel ΔP-G curve behavior is theoretically analyzed. The span of the negative slope region (where instability is manifested) depends on with saturation conditions, inlet subcooling, heat flux, channel size and length, and fluid type. The negative slope region decreases with decreasing heat flux, liquid and vapor densities ratio, and as channel becomes shorter and smaller due to the reduced vapor generation. The negative slope region also decreases with increasing saturation pressure, specific heat and degree of subcooling.
Multiple channel instabilities are analyzed by combining individual ΔPi-Gi curves of 2-6 unevenly heated microchannels and seeking flow rate solutions at a given constant pressure drop across multiple channels. Theoretical results show that for a given total flow rate the flow may split among parallel pipes in various ways satisfying the equal pressure drop condition in all channels; there exist a range of the incoming flow rates where maldistribution is the only possible solution. Furthermore, linear stability analysis was performed to differentiate between stable and unstable solutions. The analysis enabled the demarcation of unstable regions on the total ΔP-G curve. Therefore, it is possible to anticipate unstable regions if the inlet flow rate, number of channels, and operational parameters are known.
In conclusion, this research is focused on the study of flow boiling in parallel microchannels subjected to uneven heat flux. Understanding the single channel pressure drop versus flow rate (ΔP-G) characteristic curve, and understanding the interactions between channels leads to the development of a map that demarks unstable regions. This map can provide guidance to engineers in choosing operational conditions and developing compact evaporators. Therefore, the results of this work have significant impact on understanding flow boiling behavior in multiple microchannels that could lead to practical applications.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01The student, Dolaana Khovalyg, accepted the attached license on 2017-01-04 at 11:37.The student, Dolaana Khovalyg, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-01-04 at 11:58.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-01-06 at 09:49.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10527 on 2017-08-10 at 15:04:06Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T20:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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HOW PREPARED IS CROATIA FOR A KNOWLEDGE-BASED SOCIETY?
No full textOh, yes, you have learned men. Who collect more facts than do the learned men of England. They collect facts, and facts, and empires of facts. But which of them will rekindle the light within? E. M. Forster: Howards End ABSTRACT Knowledge has become the key to economic competitiveness and success. An important part of an economy's overall competitiveness -the ability to achieve success on markets -is labour-force competitiveness. One of the main determinants of the competitiveness of human resources is a country's education system. The paper discusses EU activities related to achieving a move to a knowledge-based society and labour force competitiveness. After the introduction, a short theoretical framework is provided. The third part of the paper analyzes the situation in newly accepted EU members, in future members and in Croatia. After the assessment of some problems in Croatia, some proposals for improvements of the educational system are given. 109 * The author would like to thank the referees who anonymously reviewed this paper
Upravni postupak registracije internet domena imena i pravna zaštita
No full textThe introduction of the Domain Name System is a logical consequence of the need to
facilitate the operation of the Internet by the computer user, or to avoid entering the Internet
Protocol, which contains a long string of numbers and which may be a problem for many people
regarding the memorizing. This is particularly important if we know that today in the world the
Internet is used by more than 2.4 billion people.
Given the importance and the economic function of domain names on the global market, and
the fact that they may contain the names of trademarks or other commercial sign, names of
celebrities etc., they can often be a source of conflict between the holder of such marks and the
holder of the disputed internet domain name. This is the basic problem of a legal nature, which
emanates from the administrative procedure of registration of the internet domain names, and
which makes possible to anyone to register the internet domain name, provided that the domain
was not previously registered by another user within the register where the request was
submitted, which is in the spirit of the following rule first come, first served. The weaknesses of
the administrative procedure of registrating the internet domain names are, at the same time, the
base of the cause of many disputes in practice, which requires the study and research of the
administrative procedure and the rules of registration for all levels of internet domain names.
The function of the internet domain names is to mark a place in a virtual cyberspace in
which there is a certain information, and that domain name can not be separated from the content
of the information, and if the information relates to economic activity, the domain name gets
function of the trademark similar to the company trademark or to the company trade name.
Therefore, it is quite clear the fact why the trademark ratio, as opposed to the domain name, in
theory is treated as "two aspects of the same kind of phenomena-symbol," despite the fact that
the internet domain does not belong to the domain of intellectual property rights, they still have
in common regarding this issue, only when their use can affect the violation of intellectual
property rights, but they alone cannot be the subject of such rights. Basically, it is the existence
of two different approaches, i.e. two different systems, based on different principles on which the
right of the mark and the right to the internet domain name are regulated. The first system,
internet domain name (registration of internet domain names) are commonly managed by NGOs
without functional or territorial restrictions, so that internet domain names are registered on the
basis of the principle of "first come, first served" (first in time is first in right). The other system,
the system of marks (administrative procedure for registration of trademarks) is under control of
the public (governmental) territorial authority (national or regional) who decides on the
recognition of the right of the holder of the mark within the appropriate space. The candidate
states that the problem is that the domain names are territorially unlimited, original, unique and
unrepeatable, which strongly indicates that the value of domain names is several times greater
than the value of trademarks alone, while, on the other hand, the trademarks are recognisable by
their territoriality and specialty, because they apply to the territory of a state, region or special
union within the state, i.e. the possibility that different goods and services exist with the same or
similar trademarks, which means that the two undertakings may have the same or similar trade
brand, with the exception of the well-known or famous trademarks.
In order to achieve greater control in the administrative procedure of registration of internet
domain names and the realisation of efficient and effective legal protection in cases of
cybersquatting, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) has been
established. The legal protection and the solution of the disputes that have arisen regarding
malware and malicious behaviour of the domain name holder can be achieved through judicial
and extrajudicial arbitration proceedings before the providers accredited by the ICANN.
Analysing the relation between the judicial and extrajudicial procedures for resolving
disputes, the candidate emphasised that both procedures have their strengths and their
weaknesses. Comparing both processes and taking into account the prevailing advantages offered
by a extrajudicial procedure for resolving these types of disputes in relation to proceedings in
some EU countries (Belgium, Denmark, Italy, etc.), as well as in Serbia and Macedonia, specific
national extrajudicial procedures were established modelled according to the UDRP proceedings.
The author specifically mentions the importance of legal protection in order to protect the
interests of the three categories of subjects. In the foreground, the legal protection of trademarks
applies to business entities that when carrying out the economic activities provide protection
from various types of abuse and unauthorised use of their trademark in the course of trade. As a
second category of subjects, the candidate lists the consumer and his interest in the protection of
various forms of unfair competition, which allows the consumer to choose the best product or
service that meets his need. In the third category of subjects, the author includes the interest of
the community, so that the legal protection of trademarks guarantees the effective
implementation of the fight against unfair competition in terms of better organisation of the
company in the market, improving the quality of goods and services together with the
competitive price.
The author starts from the hypothesis that improving of the normative decisions of the
administrative procedure for registration of the internet domain names, not only at national but
also at international level, as well as achieving greater cooperation between the countries, both at
the bilateral and multinational level, and mutual respect decisions made in judicial and
extrajudicial proceedings regulating this issue may be one of the ways to overcome the many
problems and achieve greater harmonisation and synchronisation of numerous opened issues.
In order to prove his claims the author has acquired during the research, he submitted a
number of relevant decisions of the courts and decisions taken in the arbitral proceedings, and
thereby successfully listed the negative consequences of illegal downloading and registration as
internet domain name, the names already trademarked, a well-known trade names, names of
other types of commercial designations, personal names, names of cities and states, etc.
The author, in the text of the dissertation, clearly indicates that the topic is contemporary
and complex at the same time, that creates a link between Public Law and Private Law, because
in addition to Administrative Law and Information Technology Law, includes other legal
disciplines, such as: Intellectual Property Rights and Company Law, Civil Law and International
Law
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