1,720,962 research outputs found
Anti thyroperoxidase and anti thyroglobulin antibodies in diabetic pregnancies.
No full textIntroduction: Thyroid autoimmunity is very frequent in women of reproductive age and is associated with many adverse pregnancy outcomes; also, diabetes mellitus in pregnancy, of any type, is associated to many complications. In type 1 diabetes, the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity is higher than in healthy population. Instead, the association of thyroid autoimmunity with other types of diabetes is less clear; however, there are some studies claiming that the prevalence is higher in gestational diabetes too. Poor data about type 2 diabetes in pregnancy are available. It is also unclear how diabetes and thyroid function influence each other and if levothyroxine therapy is necessary in pregnancy with positive autoimmunity but normal thyroid function. Materials and methods: The aim of this article was to find in the literature studies on thyroid autoimmunity in different types of diabetes in pregnancy, in order to detect any difference in prevalence. Data were found through pubmed database from 1990 to 2013. Conclusions: Several studies found a higher prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity in GDM compared to healthy controls; therefore it would be appropriate to extend screening for thyroid diseases to women with GDM. More studies are needed on the possible requirement of therapy for thyroid autoimmunity when the function is norm
Glucokinase deficit and birthweight. does maternal hyperglycemia always meet fetal needs?
No full textAims: Many authors do not recommend hypoglycemic treatment during pregnancy in women affected by monogenic diabetes due to heterozygous glucokinase (GCK) mutations (MODY 2) in case of affected fetus, because maternal hyperglycemia would be necessary to achieve a normal birthweight. We aimed to evaluate differences in birthweight between MODY 2 affected children according to the parent who carried the mutation. Methods: We retrospectively studied 48 MODY 2 affected children, whose mothers did not receive hypoglycemic treatment during pregnancy, divided into two groups according to the presence of the mutation in the mother (group A) or in the father (group B). Data were extracted from the database of the Regional Centre of Pediatric Diabetology of the University of Campania, Naples, collected from 1996 to 2016. We analyzed birthweight and centile birthweight. Results: Percentage of small for gestational age was significantly higher in group B than in group A. We found three large for gestational age in the group that inherited the deficit from the mother, all with the same novel GCK mutation (p.Lys458-Cys461del). Conclusions: We hypothesize that not all MODY 2 affected fetuses need the same levels of hyperglycemia to have an appropriate growth, maybe because different kinds of GCK mutations may result in different phenotypes. Consequently, a “tailored therapy” of maternal hyperglycemia, based on fetal growth frequently monitored through ultrasounds, is essential in MODY 2 pregnancies
Sexual dysfunction in diabetic women. prevalence and differences in type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus
No full textBackground: The aim of this work was to evaluate the impact of diabetes on female sexuality and to highlight any differences between sexuality in the context of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
Methods: The subjects selected were 49 women with type 1 DM, 24 women with type 2 DM, and 45 healthy women as controls. Each participant was given the nine-item Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire to complete. The metabolic profile was evaluated by body mass index and glycosylated hemoglobin assay.
Results: The prevalence of sexual dysfunction (total score <= 30) was significantly higher in the type 1 DM group (25/49, 51%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 18-31) than in the control group (4/45, 9%; 95% CI 3-5; P=0.00006); there were no significant variations in the type 2 DM group (4/24, 17%; 95% CI 3-4) versus the control group (P=0.630, not statistically significant). The mean total score was significantly lower in the type 1 DM group (30.2 +/- 6.9) versus the control group (36.5 +/- 4.9; P=0.0003), but there was no significant difference between the type 2 DM group and the control group (P=0.773). With regard to specific questionnaire items, the mean values for arousal, lubrication, dyspareunia, and orgasm were significantly lower only in the type 1 DM group versus the control group. The mean values for desire were reduced in type 1 and type 2 DM groups versus control group.
Conclusion: Type 1 DM is associated with sexual dysfunction. This may be due to classic neurovascular complications or to the negative impact of the disease on psychosocial factors. Larger and ideally longitudinal studies are necessary to better understand the relationship between DM and sexual dysfunction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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