1,720,989 research outputs found
Did COVID-19 change the political communication of polarizing leaders? The case of Salvini's campaigning before and after the pandemic
No full textIn recent years, political polarization saw a significant rise in many political systems. This revamped a scientific debate sparked decades ago, with different schools of thought debating on dynamics, factors, and causes of polarization itself. By looking at political elites’ polarizing strategy—one of the factors on which various theories seem to converge—this article tackles the question concerning the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in terms of political communication. More specifically, we look at the case of a highly polarizing leader in Italy—Matteo Salvini, leader of Lega—in two campaigns held in 2020 before and after the first wave of the pandemic. By analyzing his messages on Facebook and Twitter, we build on the literature on the causes of affective polarization to study Salvini's use of partisan identity and divisive issues, also considering other crucial elements, such as the attacks against others, and followers’ engagement. The results highlight some changes between the two phases, but also a strong continuity in the polarizing strategy of Salvini's political communication
Ipoacusia improvvisa
No full textWe performed a retrospective study during a one year period about patients complaining sudden hearing loss who went to emergency department. It was anlyzed the literature about treatment of this disease. Authors examined 115 patients affected by sudden hearing loss aged 16 to 60. All the patients were submitted to the otolaryngologist examination and then to an audiometric test. 78% out of all the examined patients were affected by sensorineural hearing loss. 13% out of all had mixed hearing loss. 9% had normal audiogram. The disease evaluation is strictly linked to its seriousness and the surgery timeliness, from which depend greater chances of recovery
Repositioning of posterior auricular muscle combined with conventional otoplasty: A personal technique
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Policy Cycle
No full textThe policy cycle framework originates from the idea of organizing and ordering the complexity of policymaking. It is a heuristic tool through which different stages of the ongoing and never-ending dynamics of policy processes can be segmented and then analyzed. It was originally proposed by Lasswell (1956), the founder of modern policy analysis and public policy, and is still considered one of the essentials in the conceptual toolbox of policy scholars. The policy cycle – also called the “stages approaches to policy process” (De Leon, 1999) – does not have any explanatory relevance and is thus not at the theoretical core of public policy (where there is a richness of different theoretical frameworks). However, it is a powerful conceptual tool to simplify and make “workable” the complexity of policymaking. Overall, it holds a relevant descriptive capacity that is still useful, despite many critics having underlined that it risks oversimplifying the interconnected and intertwined density of the policy process flux. The cycle is usually divided into five stages: agenda setting, formulation, decision-making, implementation, and evaluation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Public Policy (Studies)
No full textPublic policy is a specific branch of policy studies,
having as its field of research a specific definition
of the sociopolitical phenomenon intended as policy.
To define public policy, it is necessary to start
from the fact that labels like policy studies, policy
sciences, policy analysis, policy inquiry, and public
policy are often used synonymously. However,
a definitional distinction would be very useful in
understanding the relevance and role of interest
groups. For now, it is enough to underline that
public policy is a specific field of study pursued
from a political science perspective but with
multidisciplinary nuances. It focuses on facts/
events that are perceived to be social and political
problems. It attempts to understand how the government
and other relevant actors act and interact
when addressing policy problems in terms of definition
and decision. It analyzes how collectivized
decisions and policy programs are implemented.
It focuses on the different ways of assessing and
evaluating outputs and outcomes. It focuses on
what really happens in policymaking and tries to
provide input for what should be done to improve
performance and impact on society. Indeed, public
policy is a multifaceted discipline, and to
reduce it to its essence for the economy of this
chapter, here it is held that public policy is committed
to analyzing the processes dealing with
collective problems, to understand who gets
what, when, and how. This is a minimal definition
that can be agreed upon by political scientists
interested in understanding policies: they can be
focused on how power is processed through
policymaking as well as on how problems are
framed as collective and consequentially solved
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