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La Riforma Treu e la mobilità contrattuale in Italia: un confronto tra coorti di ingresso nel primo impiego
No full textXXIV National Conference of
Labour Economics, Sassari, 24-25 September 200
The Treu Reform and Contractual Mobility in Italy. A Comparison Between Labour-Market Entry Cohorts
No full text
Educational Qualifications Yields as Employment Risk: an Empirical Analysis on the Horizontal Inequality
No full textThe analysis of horizontal inequalities in the educational yields has recently raised an increasing interest, as they explain a larger portion of the inequalities in the labour market, both in terms of wages and in terms of employment risk. This paper analyses the horizontal inequalities in terms of one-year employment risk for bachelor and master’s graduates between 2008 and 2013 at the University of Trento (Italy). It is studied the employment situation of students one year after graduation, distinguishing between those who are unemployed, those whose job is consistent with their academic career, and those who work in a different sector. It is also considered the portion of graduates who are involved in an internship, as this seems to have became an important way of access to the Italian job market. In order to describe both the multiplicity of the employment situations and the hierarchical clustering of graduates with respect to their degree courses, data are modelled by means of multilevel multilogit models. The analysis is based both on administrative data of the University of Trento and on results of the periodic surveys on Italian graduates conducted by the Italian intercollegiate consortium Almalaurea; this allows us to assess the effect of the regularity of the educational path, the time of graduation, the final mark and other characteristic of students’ academic careers on their employment situation one year after graduation
EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS YIELDS AS EMPLOYMENT RISK: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE HORIZONTAL INEQUALITY
No full textThe analysis of horizontal inequalities in the educational yields has recently raised an increasing interest, as they explain a larger portion of the inequalities in the labour market, both in terms of wages and in terms of employment risk. This paper analyses thehorizontalinequalitiesintermsofone-yearemploymentriskforbachelorandmaster’s graduates between 2009 and 2013 at the University of Trento (Italy). It is studied the employment situation of students one year after graduation, distinguishing between those who are unemployed, those whose job is consistent with their academic career, and those whose job is at all different from studies. It is also considered the portion of graduates who are involved in an internship, as this seems to have become an important way of access to the Italian job market. In order to describe both the multiplicity of the employment situations and the hierarchical clustering of graduates with respect to their degree courses, data are modelled by means of multilevel multilogit models. The analysis is based both on administrative data of the University of Trento and on results of the periodic surveys on Italian graduates conducted by the Italian intercollegiate consortium Almalaurea; this allows us to assess the effect of the regularity of the educational path, the time of graduation, the final mark and other characteristics of students’ academic careers on their employment situation one year after graduation
Putting human behavior predictability in context
No full textVarious studies have investigated the predictability of different aspects of human behavior such as mobility patterns, social interactions, and shopping and online behaviors. However, the existing researches have been often limited to a single or to the combination of few behavioral dimensions, and they have adopted the perspective of an outside observer who is unaware of the motivations behind the specific behaviors or activities of a given individual. The key assumption of this work is that human behavior is deliberated based on an individual’s own perception of the situation that s/he is in, and that therefore it should also be studied under the same perspective. Taking inspiration from works in ubiquitous and context-aware computing, we investigate the role played by four contextual dimensions (or modalities), namely time, location, activity being carried out, and social ties, on the predictability of individuals’ behaviors, using a month of collected mobile phone sensor readings and self-reported annotations about these contextual modalities from more than two hundred study participants. Our analysis shows that any target modality (e.g. location) becomes substantially more predictable when information about the other modalities (time, activity, social ties) is made available. Multi-modality turns out to be in some sense fundamental, as some values (e.g. specific activities like “shopping”) are nearly impossible to guess correctly unless the other modalities are known. Subjectivity also has a substantial impact on predictability. A location recognition experiment suggests that subjective location annotations convey more information about activity and social ties than objective information derived from GPS measurements. We conclude the paper by analyzing how the identified contextual modalities allow to compute the diversity of personal behavior, where we show that individuals are more easily identified by rarer, rather than frequent, context annotations. These results offer support in favor of developing innovative computational models of human behaviors enriched by a characterization of the context of a given behavior
Adaptation of student behavioural routines during Covid-19: a multimodal approach
No full textAbstract One population group that had to significantly adapt and change their behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic is students. While previous studies have extensively investigated the impact of the pandemic on their psychological well-being and academic performance, limited attention has been given to their activity routines. In this work, we analyze students’ behavioural changes by examining qualitative and quantitative differences in their daily routines between two distinct periods (2018 and 2020). Using an Experience Sampling Method (ESM) that captures multimodal self-reported data on students’ activity, locations and sociality, we apply Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) to extract meaningful behavioural components, and quantify the variations in behaviour between students in 2018 and 2020. Surprisingly, despite the presence of COVID-19 restrictions, we find minimal changes in the activities performed by students, and the diversity of activities also remains largely unaffected. Leveraging the richness of the data at our disposal, we discover that activities adaptation to the pandemic primarily occurred in the location and sociality dimensions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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