1,721,027 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Patterns of spatiotemporal activity of an alien lagomorph inferred through camera-trapping
No full textAssessing wildlife activity rhythms is crucial to design effective management programmes for invasive alien species. Among the most widespread alien mammals in Italy, the Eastern cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus has been introduced from North America for hunting purposes and it is now very common in the Northern and Central regions. In this study, we conducted a camera-trapping survey to determine seasonal patterns of activity rhythms of this small lagomorph in Northern Italy, as well as the overlap of temporal rhythms with its main mammal predators. Eastern cottontails were mostly crepuscular and nocturnal throughout the year. Inter-seasonal overlaps of activity patterns were always lower than 75%, as activity of the Eastern cottontail was linked to photoperiod. The bimodal activity, with significant peaks at dawn and dusk, may represent an adaptation of this species to limit encounters with nocturnal predators, i.e. red foxes Vulpes vulpes and stray cats Felis catus in our study area. Although activity increased during the first hours of daylight during the mating season, the temperature seems to be not correlated to cottontail activity. Cottontails responded to the increased predation risk on bright moonlight nights, when red foxes and stray cats were most active, by significantly reducing their activity in the full moon throughout the year and in every single season. Conversely, spatial overlap between cottontails and predators was high. We suggest that individual counts and direct removal methods (i.e. firearms or trapping) for this alien lagomorph should be carried out at dawn or at dusk, when the probability to spot active cottontails is the highest
Interspecific competition mediated by climate change: Which interaction between brown and mountain hare in the Alps?
No full textCO2 levels and consequently temperatures are expected to increase in the next years. Such quick and
drastic changes in climate are likely to affect species distribution. According to future climate scenarios
some species will have the possibility to colonise new areas, mainly due to expansion of suitable habitat
conditions, whereas other species could be negatively affected due to habitat reduction. In this study,
we analysed, in the perspective stated above, the distribution of two hare species: the mountain hare
(Lepus timidus) and the brown hare (Lepus europaeus), across Central Italian Alps. Mountain hare on the
Alps is a relict species, while brown hare is widespread all over Italy and also across the Alps at lower
elevations. We applied future climate scenarios to both hare species to understand how climate change
could affect their distribution in the next 70 years. Mountain hare distribution surface area is predicted
to decrease in the next few years at its southern edge, but the species should expand its range in northern
areas. Interestingly, brown hare distribution seems to be unaffected by climate changes, since no evident
“area of substitution” appeared in our simulations. Hence, contrary to one’s expectations based on the
two species different niches, while we were able to predict a reduction in mountain hare distribution,
our simulations did not show a substitution of the mountain hare by the more generalist brown hare at
the southern margins of its distribution
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Studio di industrie del Paleolitico inferiore e medio con metodi di analisi statistica multivariata
No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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