1,720,964 research outputs found
Smart driving aids and their effects on driving performance and driver distraction
Full text linkIn-vehicle information systems have been shown to increase driver workload and cause distraction; both of which are causal factors for accidents. This simulator study evaluates the impact that two designs for a smart driving aid, and scenario complexity have on workload, distraction and driving performance. Results showed that real-time delivery of smart driving information did not increase driver workload or adversely effect driver distraction, while having the effect of decreasing mean driving speed in both the simple and complex driving scenarios. Subjective workload was shown to increase with task difficulty, as well as revealing important differences between the two interface designs
Task pre-loading : designing adaptive systems to counteract mental underload
No full textIt has long been accepted in ergonomics research on mental workload that overload and underload are equally detrimental to performance (see e.g.,Young and Stanton, 2002). UnderMalleableAttentional ResourcesTheory (MART;Young and Stanton, 2002), underload is explained by a shrinkage of attentional capacity in conditions of excessively low mental workload. Consequently, any sudden increase in workload will be beyond the capacity limit of the operator – even if such a level of demand would ordinarily have been within their ability to cope
Using on-board driver feedback systems to encourage safe, ecological and efficient driving: the Foot-LITE Project
No full textIn response to increasing political and individual
awareness of the need to address the social and environmental
costs of unsafe, inefficient and highly polluting driving styles,
the Foot-LITE research project seeks to deliver innovative
driver/vehicle interface systems and services to encourage and
hopefully persuade sustained changes to driving styles and wider
travel behaviour. Stakeholders’ requirements help to define the
functionalities of the system being developed in the context of a
rapidly evolving market with many products potentially
competing for Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)
application or retrofitting to vehicle
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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