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Pietro Pacifico Gamondi (1914-1993), tropical physician and ethnologist. A protagonist of medical research in the middle of the 20th century
No full textPietro Pacifico Gamondi was a tropical physician, who was one of the main protagonists of medical research during the 20th century. His training as a doctor first saw him in Rome following doctor Aldo Castellani. Gamondi then left for Lisbon, London, and the extra-European countries that have characterized his path as a doctor and as a man. In fact, he traveled to Indonesia and Africa, where took care of the population, combining European and local medicine. In this contribution, we wanted to remember the figure of a man who dedicates his life to tropical medicine and to the care of others
Encounter and confrontation between Science and Religion: a particular debate in the first half of the 20th century
No full textIn this brief letter the authors wanted to discuss about the possibility of giving the Holy Communion through gastrostomy without losing its sacredness. This debate was opened by the physician Francesco La Cava in the first half of the 20th century
"Scappo saltando dalla finestra": suicidio, tentato suicidio o semplice desiderio di tornare a casa? Riflessioni su una casistica in residenze sanitarie assistenziali"
Full text linkSuicides notoriously increase with age, but the number of scientific articles focusing on the phenomenon of attempted/implemented suicides by older people is, for different reasons, much lower than those published in this regard for the young age group. In the literature, however, various suicidal risk factors are reported in the elderly, including isolation, loneliness, chronic/disabling diseases, depression, dementia. A risk factor also seems to be the placement in a welfare structure, a circumstance that is still little studied and underestimated. The present work, through the presentation of a limited series of cases, intends to investigate the phenomenon of attempted/implemented suicides occurred in Healthcare Residences shortly after insertion.The different diagnoses posed had all depressive connotations, known as a suicidal risk factor. In order to define "suicide" it is necessary that the fatal outcome must be wanted and foreseen by the subject, so we wondered if this requirement was effectively present in the patients of our casuistry or if, precisely because of the traumatic fracture of their daily life due to insertion into the structure, they wanted only to give a cry for help through an impulsive and incongruous gesture, to jump out of the window, in order to return home.The moment of acceptance in the structure seems in any case to be a particularly delicate moment and requires the utmost attention from all the health workers involved, even and especially to prevent the risk of suicide
Lithographic lecture notes. A tool of forensic medicine teaching. Observation on the lessons of Paolo Pellacani (1884-1885), forensic physician the university of Pavia
Full text linkWe focus our attention on the use of lithographed lecture notes written by professors, or more often by students, in the teaching of medicine and surgery courses, between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, a period in which, to better understand the phenomena underlying life and death, collaboration between medical professionals and natural science researchers was intense. In particular, we analyzed the litho- graphed lecture notes of Professor Paolo Pellacani at the University of Pavia for the course of legal medicine
Is there any scientific imbalance in the academic education of the physician?
No full textThis contribution follows the talk presented during the 2018 International Seminars on Planetary Emergencies, Science for Peace the World Over at the Majorana Foundation in Erice, Sicily. Over the centuries, medicine has changed the approach to the sick and the disease. Too much focused on the biomedical sciences, it has thus lost the teaching and wisdom inherited from the past. In this paper, we discuss the need to reacquire ancient knowledge and the importance of the educational role of the Human Sciences and the History of Medicine in the mature training of the modern doctor, as claimed in the early 20th century by the Italian doctor Luigi Mangiagalli. As asserted by the American psychiatrist George Liebman Engel, a culture that also includes historical information facilitates the understanding of the present and helps to develop an epistemological and critical sense, which is indispensable in age too intoxicated by so many scientific successes and which appears obstinate in her certaintie
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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