2 research outputs found
KONSEP KEBAHAGIAAN MENURUT AL-GHAZALI DALAM KITAB KĪMIYĀ’ AL-SA‘ĀDAH DAN RELEVANSINYA BAGI KEHIDUPAN MASYARAKAT KONTEMPORER
No full textABSTRAK
Kebahagiaan merupakan kondisi kesempurnaan jiwa, di mana seseorang
tidak lagi bergantung pada esensi atau eksistensi apa pun dari luar dirinya.
Konsep ini telah banyak dibahas dalam filsafat Islam, khususnya dalam karya
karya Imam Al-Ghazali. Salah satu kontribusi pentingnya adalah Kīmiyā‟ al
Sa„ādah (Kimia Kebahagiaan), yang menyajikan perspektif sufistik yang
mendalam tentang makna kebahagiaan sejati. Karya ini tetap relevan hingga
masa kini karena tidak hanya memberikan panduan menuju ketenangan batin
individu, tetapi juga membentuk masyarakat yang etis, adil, dan penuh kasih.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis konsep
kebahagiaan sebagaimana dijelaskan dalam Kīmiyā‟ al-Sa„ādah, serta menggali
relevansinya terhadap realitas kehidupan modern. Dalam konteks penelitian ini,
yang merupakan penelitian filsafat, menggunakan metode kualitatif berbasis
kajian pustaka. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah filsafat Islam, dengan teknik
analisis deskriptif, hermeneutis untuk memahami teks, dan reflektif untuk
menghubungkannya dengan konteks kontemporer. Dengan demikian,
pendekatan yang digunakan bertujuan untuk menemukan struktur dan makna
dari konsep-konsep filsafat yang dikaji.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Konsep kebahagiaan menurut
Al-Ghazali berawal dari pengenalan terhadap tiga aspek utama: diri sendiri,
Tuhan (Allah), dan dunia. Ketiga hal ini menjadi fondasi penting untuk meraih
kebahagiaan dunia dan akhirat. (2) Masyarakat kontemporer ditandai oleh
kemajuan teknologi yang pesat, keterhubungan global, serta pergeseran nilai
nilai sosial dan moral. Dalam konteks ini, manusia sering mengalami krisis
spiritual, tekanan psikologis, dan kecenderungan hidup yang berorientasi pada
materialisme serta pengakuan eksternal. (3) Ajaran Al-Ghazali tetap relevan
karena menawarkan solusi terhadap problematika eksistensial modern.
Penekanannya pada kesadaran diri, pengendalian hawa nafsu, pertumbuhan
spiritual, dan integritas moral memberikan kerangka yang holistik untuk
menjawab tantangan kehidupan masa kini.
Dengan demikian, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa nilai-nilai yang
terkandung dalam konsep kebahagiaan menurut Al-Ghazali bersifat timeless dan
dapat menjadi rujukan penting bagi individu maupun masyarakat dalam
membangun kehidupan yang bermakna dan seimbang di tengah tantangan zaman
kontemporer.
Kata Kunci: Kebahagiaan, Al-Ghazali, Kīmiyā’ al-Sa‘ādah, Tasawuf,
Masyarakat Kontemporer, Spiritualitas.
iv
ABSTRACT
Happiness is a state of the soul's perfection in which one no longer
depends on any external essence or existence. This concept has been widely
discussed in Islamic philosophy, particularly in the works of Imam Al-Ghazali.
One of his most significant contributions is Kīmiyā‟ al-Sa„ādah (The Alchemy of
Happiness), which presents a profound Sufi perspective on the meaning of true
happiness. This work remains relevant today, as it not only provides a guide
toward individual inner peace but also contributes to the formation of an ethical,
just, and compassionate society.
This study aims to examine and analyze the concept of happiness as
explained in Kīmiyā‟ al-Sa„ādah, and to explore its relevance to the realities of
modern life. The research employs a qualitative approach in the form of library
research. Data were collected through content analysis of the primary source,
Kīmiyā‟ al-Sa„ādah, and supported by various secondary literatures related to Al
Ghazali's thought, Sufism, and the dynamics of contemporary society.
The results of the study indicate that: (1) Al-Ghazali's concept of
happiness begins with understanding three main aspects: the self, God (Allah),
and the world. These three elements serve as the essential foundation for attaining
happiness in both this world and the hereafter. (2) Contemporary society is
characterized by rapid technological advancement, global interconnectedness, and
shifting social and moral values. In this context, people often face spiritual crises,
psychological pressure, and a tendency to pursue materialism and external
validation. (3) Al-Ghazali‘s teachings remain highly relevant as they offer
solutions to modern existential problems. His emphasis on self-awareness, control
of desires, spiritual growth, and moral integrity provides a holistic framework for
addressing today‘s challenges.
Therefore, this study concludes that the values embedded in Al-Ghazali‘s
concept of happiness are timeless and can serve as a valuable reference for both
individuals and society in building a meaningful and balanced life amidst the
complexities of the contemporary era.
Keywords: Happiness, Al-Ghazali, Kimiya al-Sa‘adah, Sufism, Contemporary
Society, Spirituality.
v
صخلملا
شقان دقو .يجراخ دوجو وأ رىوج يأ ىلع اهيف دمتعت لا ،سفنلا لامك نم ةلاح يى ةداعسلا
زربأ نمو .ليازغلا ماملإا تافلؤم في اميس لاو ،ةيملاسلإا ةفسلفلا في عساو قاطن ىلع موهفلدا اذى
ع ةيفوص ةيؤر مدقي يذلا ،ةداعسلا ءايميك باتك وتاماهسإ
ل
او .ةيقيقلحا ةداعسلا نىعم لوح ةقيم
درفلل ةيسفنلا ةنينأمطلا قيقحتل ًلايلد مدقي لا ونلأ ،اذى انموي تىح ةلص اذ لمعلا اذى لازي
ةحمرلاب معفمو لداعو يقلاخأ عمتمج ءانب في ً اضيأ مىاسي لب ،بسحف
.
ءايميك باتك في درو امك ةداعسلا موهفم ليلتحو ةسارد لىإ ثحبلا اذى فدهي
ماملإا ركفب
،ةداعسلا
للاخ نم يعونلا جهنلدا ثحابلا مدختسا دقو .ةرصاعلدا ةايلحا عقاوب وتلص ىدم فاشكتساو
ردصملل ىوتلمحا ليلتح بولسأ مادختساب تانايبلا عجم تمو .)رداصلدا في ثحبلا( بيتكلدا ثحبلا
ةقلعتلدا ةيوناثلا رداصلدا نم ددعب ةناعتسلاا عم ،ةداعسلا ءايميك باتك وىو يساسلأا
.
رصاعلدا عمتلمجا تايكيمانيدو فوصتلاو ليازغلا
1
( :نأ ثحبلا جئاتن ترهظأ دقو
رصانع ةثلاث ةفرعم للاخ نم أدبي ليازغلا دنع ةداعسلا موهفم )
قيقحتل ً ايرورض ً اساسأ زئاكرلا هذى ّ دعُ تو .لماعلا ةعيبط مهفو ،للها ةفرعمو ،سفنلا ةفرعم :ةيساسأ
ايندلا في ةداعسلا
،يلداع طبارتو ،عيرس يجولونكت روطتب رصاعلدا عمتلمجا مستي )
ً
ةلص تاذ ليازغلا ميلاعت لازت لا )
2
( .ةرخلآاو
اطوغضو ،ةيحور تامزأ ناسنلإا وجاوي ،قايسلا اذى فيو .ةيقلاخلأاو ةيعامتجلاا ميقلا في تلاوتحو
( .يجرالخا ريدقتلا ءارو يعسلاو ةيدالدا ونح ً اىاتجاو ،ةيسفن
3
،ي،اذلا يعولا ىلع هزيكرت للاخ نم ،ةرصاعلدا ةيدوجولا تلاكشملل ةلماا ًلاولح مدقت اهالأ ،ة
ةيقلاخلأا ةىازنلاو ،يحورلا ومنلاو ،سفنلا طبضو
.
يبك
،دلاخ عباط تاذ ليازغلا دنع ةداعسلا موهفم اهنمضتي تيلا ميقلا نأ لىإ ثحبلا اذى صليخ ،ويلعو
رفلل ً امهم ً اعجرم لكشت نأ نكيمو
تاديقعت لظ في نىعم تاذو ةنزاوتم ةايح ءانب في عمتلمجاو د
.
ثيدلحا رصعلا
،رصاعملا عمتجملا ،ؼوصتلا ،ةداعسلا ءايميك ،يلازغلا ـاملإا ،ةداعسلا :ةيحاتفملا تاملكلا
ةيناحورل
Purifying the Soul, Healing the Age: The Relevance of Al-Ghazali’s Concept of Happiness in Responding to Contemporary Spiritual Crisis
No full textThis study aims to explore Al-Ghazali’s concept of happiness as elaborated in his work Kīmiyā’ al-Sa‘ādah and to critically analyze its relevance in addressing the spiritual and ethical crisis of contemporary society. The research departs from the concern that the modern understanding of happiness is largely materialistic, short-term, and psychologically fragmented, often resulting in existential anxiety and spiritual emptiness. Al-Ghazali offers a holistic framework of happiness rooted in self-knowledge (ma‘rifat al-nafs), soul purification (tazkiyat al-nafs), and spiritual ascension toward divine knowledge (ma‘rifatullāh), combining both individual and social dimensions of well-being. This research employed a qualitative descriptive-analytical method with a library research approach, using Kīmiyā’ al-Sa‘ādah as the primary source and supported by relevant academic literature and field data. The study finds that happiness in Al-Ghazali’s perspective is a transformative process that involves ethical cultivation, self-discipline, and spiritual awareness. Furthermore, it responds meaningfully to modern spiritual disconnection and the weakening of social ethics. The findings also reveal that Al-Ghazali’s conception of happiness aligns with, yet transcends, modern psychological models by integrating the vertical (God-human) and horizontal (human-human) dimensions of life. It offers not only an inner sense of peace but also serves as a foundation for moral and social harmony. Based on these findings, the study recommends the integration of Al-Ghazali’s values into spiritual education, character formation programs, and contemporary counseling practices. It also proposes further interdisciplinary research between Islamic philosophical traditions and contemporary psychological sciences to enrich the discourse on meaningful and holistic happiness in the 21st century
