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Δράση του αντιοξειδωτικού παράγοντα U-74389G σε πειραματικό πρότυπο ενδοεγκεφαλικού αιματώματος σε χοίρο: προσδιορισμός παραμέτρων φλεγμονής και σημαντικών ενζύμων
No full textSpontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) represents a partially understoodcerebrovascular disease of high incidence, morbidity and mortality, accounting for 10-15% of allstrokes. In my study, I investigated the pathophysiological changes that follow intracerebralhaematoma induction on a porcine model of ICH. The study focused on the determination ofchanges in tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1 (IL-1) the first 4 and 24 hrs ofICH as well as the changes of the crucial enzymes adenosinetriphosphatases (ATPases), incombination with a study of the effectiveness of the lazaroid antioxidant U-74389G. Regardingboth TNF-α and IL-1, statistically significant increase was observed in the ipsilateral side of thehaematoma as early as 4 hrs and decrease again 24 hrs after the onset. U-74389G whenadministered resulted in statistically significant decrease of TNF-α, (at the heamatoma site incomparison to the controls) and non statistically significant decrease of IL-1 when compared tothe controls. Regarding the ATPases, my study demonstrated that the examined ICH model doesnot cause a decrease in Na+,K+-ATPase activity (the levels of which are responsible for verylarge part of neuronal energy expenditure) in the perihaematomal basal ganglia territory, nor achange in the activity of Mg2+-ATPase. The administration of U-74389G (an establishedneuroprotectant) in this ICH model revealed an injury specific type of behavior, that could beconsidered as neuroprotective.I also investigated the role of acetylocholinesterase (AChE; a crucial membrane boundenzyme involved in cholinergic neurotransmission) in the same porcine model of spontaneousICH, with a focus on the first 4 and 24 hrs following the lesion’s induction, in combination witha study of the effectiveness of the lazaroid antioxidant U- 74389G administration. My studydemonstrates the activation of AChE activity following U-74389G administration. The lazaroidU-74389G seems to be an established neuroprotectant and this is the first report of its supportingrole in the enhancement of cholinergic response to the induction of ICH.Η αυτόματη ενδοεγκεφαλική αιμορραγία (ΑΕΕ), είναι μια μερικώς κατανοητή αγγειακήεγκεφαλική νόσος, χαρακτηριζόμενη από υψηλή επίπτωση θνητότητα και θνησιμότητα ,αποτελεί δε το 10-15% όλων των αγγειακών εγκεφαλικών επεισοδίων.Στη παρούσα μελέτη,εξέτασα παθοφυσιολογικές μεταβολές που έπονται της πρόκλησης ενδοεγκεγαλικούαιματώματος σε πειραματικό πρότυπο ενδοεγκεφαλικού αιματώματος σε χοίρο. Η μελέτηεπικεντρώθηκε στον προσδιορισμό των αλλαγών στον παράγοντα νέκρψσης όγκου α (TNF-α)και στην ιντερλευκίνη 1, τις πρώτες 4 και 24 ώρες από την πρόκληση του αιματώματος όπως καιστις μεταβολές των σημαντικών ενζύμων αδενοτριφωσφατασες (ATPases), σε συνδιασμό με τημελέτη της αντιοξειδωτικής αποτελεσματικότητας του Λαζαροειδούς U-74389G. Όσον αφοράτόσο τον TNF-α όσο και την IL-1, στατιστικά σημαντική αύξηση παρατηρήθηκε στο ομόπλευροτου αιματώματος ημισφαίριο στις 4 ώρες από την πρόκληση του αιματώματος και μείωση στοεικοσιτετράωρο. Ο παράγοντας U-74389G προκάλεσε στατιστικά σημαντική μείωση του TNF-αστην περιοχη του αιματώματος σε σχέση με την ομάδα ελέγχου και μείωση (αλλά όχι στατιστικάσημαντική) της IL-1 σε σύγκριση με τις ομάδες ελέγχου. Όσον αφορά στις ATPάσες, η μελέτηκατέδειξε ότι δεν προκαλείτε μείωση στη δραστικότητα της Na+,K+-ATPασης ούτε της Mg2+-ATPάσης στην περί του αιματώματος περιοχή. Η χορήγηση του U-74389G (με γνωστήνευροπροστατευτική δράση) παρουσίασε στο μοντέλο συμπεριφορά που θα μπορούσε ναθεωρηθεί νευροπροστατευτική.Στη μελέτη, εξετάστηκε επίσης ο ρόλος της ακετυλοχολινεστεράσης (AChE,σημαντικούμεμβρανικού ενζύμου που εμπλέκεται στη νευροδιαβίβαση) στο ίδιο μοντέλο, με επικέντρωσηστις πρώτες 4 και 24 ώρες από την πρόκληση του αιματώματος σε συνδιασμό με τη μελέτη τηςεπίδρασης του αντιοξειδωτικού λαζαροειδούς U- 74389G.Η μελέτη κατέδειξε την ενεργοποίησητης ακετυλοχολινεστεράσης μετά τη χορήγηση του παράγοντα U- 74389G. Το λαζαροειδές U-74389G φαίνεται να ασκεί νευροπροστατευτική δράση και αυτή είναι η πρώτη αναφορά τουρόλου του στην ενεργοποίηση του χολινεργικού συστήματος ως απάντηση στην πειραματικήπρόκληση ενδοεγκεφαλικού αιματώματο
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Cholinergic deregulation in traumatic brain injury could be a pathophysiology-related biphasic epiphenomenon
No full textNo abstract available
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