1,720,958 research outputs found
The Effect of Using Realia on Students’ Vocabulary Achievement
No full textVocabulary is one of the English language components that plays an
important role in mastering all of English skills, including speaking, reading,
listening, and writing. In reality, the students still have difficulty on remembering
the words. There is one way that teacher can do to help students understand the
words easily, which is using interesting media. Media are one of the ways that
teacher can use to attract students’ attention in learning and to make an enjoyable
learning environment. In this research, the researcher considered to use realia as
media to teach students vocabulary.
Quasi-experimental research with post-test only design was used in this
research as the purpose of this research was to know whether or not there was a
significant effect of using realia on students’ vocabulary achievement. The
researcher chose SMPN 2 Bondowoso as the research area because realia have
never been used as media by the English teacher in teaching vocabulary for the
seventh grade students in the 2018/2019 academic year. The number of the
populations was 60 in total. They were divided into two groups, experimental and
control group. The experimental group consisted of 30 students and so did the
control group. The participants of this research were selected by using cluster
random sampling; A as the experimental group and B as the control group. The
experimental group got treatment by using realia while the control group was
taught without media.
To collect the data, there was one way used in this research. It was a
vocabulary test. The data were gained from the students’ vocabulary scores on the
post test. Before the research was conducted, the researcher had admnistered a
homogeneity test to know whether the population was homogeneus or not. The
homogneity test was analyzed by using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) on SPSS
(Statistically Package for Social Science). The homogeneity test results showed
that the population was homogenous as the value of the variance was 0.695 which
was higher than 0.005. Hence, the researcher used cluster random sampling by
using lottery to decide the experimental and the control groups.
The results of the post test were analyzed by the researcher using
independent sample t-test on SPSS program to find the significant difference of
the experimental group and the control group. The result of the t-test formula
analysis showed that the value of the significant 2-tailed was 0.027, which means
that it was lower than 0.05. Therefore, the null hypothesis “there is no significant
effect of using realia on students’ vocabulary achievement” was rejected. Thus,
the alternative hypothesis “there is a significant effect of using realia on students’
vocabulary achievement” was accepted.
Referring to the result of hypothesis verification and the discussion in the
fourth chapter, it can be concluded that there was a significant effect of using
realia on students’ vocabulary achievement. As a result, it is suggested that the
English teachers could use realia since it can affect students’ vocabulary
achievement. For the future researcher, hopefully it could be used as a
consideration to conduct a further research dealing with the use of realia by using
the different research participants and design such as a classroom action research
to improve the students’ vocabulary achievement by using Realia, and also
another research dealing with the use of realia in vocabulary achievement and
students’ active participation because based on the researcher’s experience, most
of the students in experimental group were more active rather than the control
group
The Use of Nursery Rhymes to Improve the Eighth Grade Students’ Vocabulary Achievement and Active Participation
No full textThis research was a classroom action research. The objectives of this study were to improve the eighth grade students’ vocabulary achievement and active participation by using nursery rhymes at SMPN 8 Jember. Based on the preliminary study conducted by the researcher in the form of informal interview with the English teacher, it was known that the students still had lack of vocabulary. The English teacher claimed when she gave the students a text and ask them to find the unfamiliar words, most of the students almost found 90% unfamiliar words. After doing the informal interview, the researcher did a vocabulary test and observation. From the results of the vocabulary test to know the students’ ability, it was found that the VIII-F students could not reach the minimum standard requirement score for the English subject that was 75. There were only 4 students who got ≥ 75 and 26 students who got ≤ 75. Besides, from the observation, it was known that during the English class when the English teacher asked them to memorize new words most of the students could not memorize it, most of them often forgot the meaning of the words that they had learnt before. Due to the problems above, the researcher decided to use nursery rhymes to improve the students’ vocabulary achievement and their active participation.
This research was done collaboratively with the English teacher in one cycle. The data of this research were obtained from the vocabulary test and the observation in the form of checklist. The results of the vocabulary test in Cycle 1 had achieved the criteria of success in this research was that 80% of the students got score ≥75. The percentage of the criteria success was taken from the standard minimum score of the school. Therefore, the results of the vocabulary test showed that the percentage of the
students who achieved the target minimum score was 90%. The mean score of vocabulary test increased from 68.23 to 81.83. The results of observation showed that there was an improvement from meeting 1 to meeting 2 in Cycle 1. In Meeting 1, the students who were categorized as active students were 76.6% or 23 students and in Meeting 2, the students who were categorized as active students were 86.6% or 26 students. The average results of the students active participation in Meeting 1 and Meeting 2 were 81.65%. The percentage of the students’ active participation in Cycle 1 had achieved the target score of the research that was 80%.
From both of the results of the students’ vocabulary achievement and the students’ active participation, it can be concluded that the use of nursery rhyme helped the students’ to improve their vocabulary achievement and active participatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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