1,720,982 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Thyroid hormones and metabolic disorders
No full textLes hormones thyroïdiennes jouent un rôle dans de nombreux processus métabolique tels que le développement, la croissance et le contrôle du métabolisme. Les HT se fixent sur leurs récepteurs nucléaires, les TR (TRalpha et beta). Ces TR sont des facteurs de transcription dont l’activité est contrôlée par la fixation de leur ligand, ils appartiennent à la super famille des récepteurs nucléaires d’hormone. Au cours de ma thèse je me suis intéressée aux rôles des TR dans deux contextes particuliers. Dans un premier temps, j’ai pu mettre en évidence le rôle de TRbeta dans la régulation du métabolisme hépatique via l’activation d’un gène clé ChREBP permettant la détection du glucose. Par l’utilisation d’animaux transgéniques et des systèmes in vitro, j’ai pu montrer que TRbeta régule positivement l’expression de ChREBP via le fixation sur son élément de réponse présent de le promoteur. Nous avons pu montrer que cette activation est isoforme spécifique, indépendante d’un autre récepteur nucléaire LXR. Dans un deuxième temps, j’ai montré que l’autre isoforme de TR, TRalpha est impliqué dans le développement de l’athérosclérose, une maladie cardiovasculaire. Par l’utilisation d’un modèle de souris transgénique, j’ai pu mettre en évidence que TRalpha possède à la fois un rôle anti-inflammatoire et également il est capable de stimuler l’élimination du cholestérol par les macrophages. L’absence de ce récepteur induit une augmentation du développement de la maladie ainsi que des cytokines circulantes chez la souris. Par l’utilisation d’un système in vitro, j’ai pu mettre en évidence que l’absence de TRalpha diminue l’efflux de cholestérol dans les macrophages de souris. Ces données suggèrent un nouveau rôle des HT/TR dans le développement de pathologies humaines, notamment un effet anti-inflammatoire longtemps supposer mais mis en évidence que très récemment.Thyroid hormones (TH) play a role in many processes such as development, growth and metabolic control. HT bind to their nuclear receptors, the TR (TRalpha and beta). TRs belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. These TRs are transcription factors whose activity is controlled by the binding of their ligand. During my PhD thesis I focused on the roles of TR in two contexts. Initially, I highlighted the role of TRbeta in the regulation of the hepatic metabolism via the activation of the key gene ChREBP, a glucose-responsive transcription factor. Using transgenic animal models and in vitro systems, I showed that TRbeta up regulates the expression of ChREBP via binding to its response element present in the promoter. I have shown that this activation is isoform specific and independent of another nuclear receptor LXR. In a second part, I demonstrated that the TRalpha isoform is involved in the development of atherosclerosis, a cardiovascular disease. Using a transgenic mice model, I observed that TRalpha has an anti-inflammatory effect and it is also able to stimulate the reverse cholesterol transport by macrophages. The absence of this receptor induces an increase in the development of the disease as well as in the level of circulating cytokines in mice. The deletion of TRalpha decreases the cholesterol efflux in bone marrow derived macrophages in vitro and it is correlated with a decrease of ABCA1 expression. All these data suggest a novel role of HT / TR in the development of human pathologies, including an anti-inflammatory role assumed, but recently demonstrated
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Hormones thyroïdiennes et désordres métaboliques
No full textLes hormones thyroïdiennes jouent un rôle dans de nombreux processus métabolique tels que le développement, la croissance et le contrôle du métabolisme. Les HT se fixent sur leurs récepteurs nucléaires, les TR (TRalpha et beta). Ces TR sont des facteurs de transcription dont l activité est contrôlée par la fixation de leur ligand, ils appartiennent à la super famille des récepteurs nucléaires d hormone. Au cours de ma thèse je me suis intéressée aux rôles des TR dans deux contextes particuliers. Dans un premier temps, j ai pu mettre en évidence le rôle de TRbeta dans la régulation du métabolisme hépatique via l activation d un gène clé ChREBP permettant la détection du glucose. Par l utilisation d animaux transgéniques et des systèmes in vitro, j ai pu montrer que TRbeta régule positivement l expression de ChREBP via le fixation sur son élément de réponse présent de le promoteur. Nous avons pu montrer que cette activation est isoforme spécifique, indépendante d un autre récepteur nucléaire LXR. Dans un deuxième temps, j ai montré que l autre isoforme de TR, TRalpha est impliqué dans le développement de l athérosclérose, une maladie cardiovasculaire. Par l utilisation d un modèle de souris transgénique, j ai pu mettre en évidence que TRalpha possède à la fois un rôle anti-inflammatoire et également il est capable de stimuler l élimination du cholestérol par les macrophages. L absence de ce récepteur induit une augmentation du développement de la maladie ainsi que des cytokines circulantes chez la souris. Par l utilisation d un système in vitro, j ai pu mettre en évidence que l absence de TRalpha diminue l efflux de cholestérol dans les macrophages de souris. Ces données suggèrent un nouveau rôle des HT/TR dans le développement de pathologies humaines, notamment un effet anti-inflammatoire longtemps supposer mais mis en évidence que très récemment.Thyroid hormones (TH) play a role in many processes such as development, growth and metabolic control. HT bind to their nuclear receptors, the TR (TRalpha and beta). TRs belong to the superfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. These TRs are transcription factors whose activity is controlled by the binding of their ligand. During my PhD thesis I focused on the roles of TR in two contexts. Initially, I highlighted the role of TRbeta in the regulation of the hepatic metabolism via the activation of the key gene ChREBP, a glucose-responsive transcription factor. Using transgenic animal models and in vitro systems, I showed that TRbeta up regulates the expression of ChREBP via binding to its response element present in the promoter. I have shown that this activation is isoform specific and independent of another nuclear receptor LXR. In a second part, I demonstrated that the TRalpha isoform is involved in the development of atherosclerosis, a cardiovascular disease. Using a transgenic mice model, I observed that TRalpha has an anti-inflammatory effect and it is also able to stimulate the reverse cholesterol transport by macrophages. The absence of this receptor induces an increase in the development of the disease as well as in the level of circulating cytokines in mice. The deletion of TRalpha decreases the cholesterol efflux in bone marrow derived macrophages in vitro and it is correlated with a decrease of ABCA1 expression. All these data suggest a novel role of HT / TR in the development of human pathologies, including an anti-inflammatory role assumed, but recently demonstrated.LYON-ENS Sciences (693872304) / SudocSudocFranceF
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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