1,721,599 research outputs found
Inequity evaluation for land use and transportation model on introduction of autonomous vehicles
No full textIn recent times, there have been rapid advancements in technologies that can bring about fully autonomous driving. This can potentially result in substantial changes in the road network and traffic operations. People previously not being able to travel frequently (e.g., the elderly and people with disabilities) will be able to commute themselves. Due to this intuitive property of autonomous vehicles, additional trip production may produce an impact on travel costs between some origin-destination pairs. These unwanted changes create both positive and negative impacts on the network users resulting in an inequity issue. It is necessary to evaluate the inequity caused to a whole society by providing benefits through autonomous driving to a certain group of people. In the above context, this paper uses a bi-level optimization model technique to find an optimal solution of a multi-objective function. The proposed model aims to evaluate the maximum growth of trips that a network can support without causing inequity to other network users. The upper level of the model maximizes the generation of trips constrained by the inequity parameters, whereas the lower level minimizes the travel equilibrium costs for all the users by assigning trips to the network following the multinomial logit principle. The solution to the proposed model is provided by a multi-objective genetic algorithm
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Reinforced concrete elements in crack stage subjected to chloride-rich environment
No full textThe durability of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is the main challenge to overcome for global sustainability. Crack width plays an important role through which aggressive agents can penetrate and initiation of corrosion begins. Several researchers have looked into the relationship between crack width and corrosion level, but there has yet to be agreement among the authors. With this aim in mind, 31 tension ties (90 mm x 90 mm x 830 mm) with Ø12 rebar were cast, pre-cracked to different crack widths, subjected to permanent tensile load and exposed to wet and dry cycles of water containing 3.5% NaCl solution for 280 days. The experimental results show that the corrosion initiation began after the first cycle (except for a small delay in the sample with a 0.1 mm crack width). Currently, our focus is on evaluating corrosion propagation. Tension ties are going to be cut to extract rebar, measure pitting corrosion, and analyse the relation between crack width and corrosion
Optimization of public transport route assignment via travel time reliability
No full textBesides the impacts and importance in planning transportation networks, travel time reliability (TTR) is increasingly becoming a driving factor for commuting patterns. However, the implementation of TTR in route assignment is still not very common due to the discrete nature of scheduled services. Within day dynamics are usually modelled depending on various service characteristic factors such as regularity, frequency and information. However, in this research, frequency and regularity related factors were of prime focus to find the parameters and their values that can represent TTR in impedance functions to evaluate their impingements in public transport route assignment models. Perceived journey time (PJT) was optimized based on deterministic dynamic network model optimization for various TTR parameters based on data available for the city of Halle and later confirmed via simulative modelling in PTV Visum. Four different scenarios were generated in scenario management for each PJT value deduced from the Poisson parameter value in the optimization model. Comparison of these scenarios based on optimally decided penalties with the base scenario without TTR identified the most reliable lines. An appreciable change in journey times had been noticed depicting the strong effect of TTR in route assignment. Results obtained can pave way for developers to introduce a smart feature of choosing a reliable travel option in journey planners instead of the shortest one and for planners to evaluate large city models
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
