1,103 research outputs found
Detritivory, coprophagy, and the evolution of digestive mutualisms in Dietyoptera
No full textWe review literature on extant detritivores, including cockroaches and termites, and conclude that coprophagy was the key behavior leading to the evolution of hindgut fermentation systems in the stem group of Dictyoptera. Coprophagy exploits concentrated microbial consortia on cellulose based substrates. These microbes are potential mutualists and food, but they also initiate degradation of cellulose, detoxify allelochemicals and soften the substrate, a phenomenon known as the "external rumen". We suggest that the evolution of a sophisticated hindgut fauna is a process of internalizing this self-assembled microbial community, accompanied by changes in host-microbe interdependence, the source of microbial inoculum for neonates, and host social behavior. Proctodeal trophallaxis evolved from pre-existing intraspecific coprophagous behavior when termite ancestors became subsocial, because the physiology of encystment in oxymonad and hypermastigid flagellates precludes their transfer via cysts in adult feces. The behavior was reinforced by the benefits of using the trophic stages of flagellates as food. The association of these flagellates with the dictyopteran lineage is an ancient one, and may have originated as part of the external rumen in the Carboniferous coal swamps
The termites of the Mayombe Forest Reserve, Congo (Brazzaville): transect sampling reveals an extremely high diversity of ground-nesting soil feeders
No full textEggleton, P., Davies, R. G., Connetable, S., Bignell, D. E., Rouland, C. (2002): The termites of the Mayombe Forest Reserve, Congo (Brazzaville): transect sampling reveals an extremely high diversity of ground-nesting soil feeders. Journal of Natural History 36 (10): 1239-1246, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110048918, URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0022293011004891
Review of the thesis: “The activities of the Soviet police to combat crime and public protection in Western Siberia in 1925-1937” by D.E. Kuznetsov
No full textThe article analyses the thesis “The activities of the Soviet police to combat crime and protect public order in Western Siberia in 1925-1937” by D.E. Kuznetsov. The structure and logic of the construction of the work, the validity of the conclusions, the merits of the dissertation research and its controversial points are considered. Special attention is paid to the source of the dissertation. In conclusion, the author of the article summaries that the contents of D.E. Kuznetsov's facts, assessments and conclusions can be used to develop textbooks on the history of crime, the history of law enforcement bodies, the history of Russia
Standard methods for the assessment of soil biodiversity in the context of land use practices
No full textMotion video coding for visual telephony
No full textElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Investigations on nonlinear streamcipher systems: Construction and evaluation methods
No full textElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Selected aspects of discrete-time filtering techniques as applied to sensor control and signal processing problems
No full textElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
Hermeneutika Friedrich D.E. Schleiermacher sebagai Metode Tafsir Al-Qur’an (Kajian ayat ikhlāṣ; jilbāb; sayyārah; dan al-hudā)
No full textText, reader, and author are three entities that are interlocked in a process of understanding text. For Friedrich D.E. Schleiermacher, someone can only understand the text he/she reads if he/she delves into the author\u27s psychological experience and knows exactly the phrases that the author uses in writing text. Talking about reading the Qur’an as a text found by modern humans today which its existence as a text is revealed in the seventh century in the Arabic nation, it is a must for anyone to know the Arabic grammatical used by the Qur\u27an. This article discusses linkages between the language analysis formulated by Schleiermacher and the method of understanding the Qur\u27an which is today found in the text form with special reference to the four key terms discussed. Using the descriptive-analysis method this research finds that Schleiermacher’s hermeneutic becomes relevant to Quranic studies because it can enrich existing interpretive methods. The concept of psychological hermeneutics will contribute to the realm of asbāb al-nuzūl study and the necessity of proper faith. Whereas the grammatical will contribute to the realm of understanding Qur’an as ancient Arabic text.
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