1,721,144 research outputs found
The epicentral fingerprint of earthquakes marks the coseismically activated crustal volume
Full text linkInSAR images allow to detect the coseismic deformation, delimiting the epicentral area where the larger displacement has been concentrated. By inspecting the InSAR fringe patterns it is commonly recognized that, for dip-slip faults, the most deformed area is elliptical, or quadrilobated for strike-slip faults. This area coincides with the surface projection of the volume coseismically mobilized in the hanging wall of thrusts and normal faults, or the crustal walls adjacent to strike-slip faults. In the present work we analyzed a dataset of 32 seismic events, aiming to compare the deformation fields in terms of shape, spatial extents, and amount of deformed rock volumes, and the corresponding earthquake type and magnitudes. The dimension of the deformed area detected by InSAR scales with the magnitude of the earthquake, and we found that for M ≥ 6 is always larger than 100 km2, increasing to more than 550 km2 for M ≈ 6.5. Moreover, the comparison between InSAR and Peak Ground Accelerations documents the larger shaking within the areas suffering higher vertical deformation. As well established, the seismic epicenter rarely coincides with the area of larger shaking. Instead, the higher macro- seismic intensity often corresponds to the area of larger vertical displacement (either downward or upward), apart local site amplification effects. Outside this area, the vertical displacement is drastically lower, determining the strong attenuation of seismic waves and the decrease of the peak ground acceleration in the surrounding far- field area. Indeed, the segment of the activated fault constrains the area where the vertical oscillations are larger, allowing the contemporaneous maximum freedom degree of the crustal volume affected by horizontal maximum shaking, i.e., the near-field or epicentral area; therefore, the epicentral area and volume are active, i.e., they coseismically move and are contemporaneously crossed by seismic waves (active volume and surface active domain) where trapped waves and constructive interference are expected, whereas the surrounding far-field area is mainly fixed and passively crossed by seismic waves (passive volume and surface passive domain). All these considerations point out that InSAR images of areas affected by earthquakes are a powerful tool representing the fingerprint of the epicentral area where the largest shaking has taken place during an earthquake. Seismic hazard assessments should primarily rely on the expected future active domains
La biodiversità Viticola in Emilia Romagna
No full textL’Emilia-Romagna, che rappresenta la terza regione italiana per la produzione di vino, è caratterizzata da una piattaforma ampelografica che, pur dominata da Lambruschi, Sangiovese e Trebbiano romagnolo, vanta una notevole ricchezza in termini di “biodiversità” viticola, testimoniata dalle 99 varietà di vite appartenenti al Registro Nazionale delle varietà di Vite e autorizzate alla coltivazione in regione. Tale notevole variabilità, autoctona e alloctona, è ancora oggi molto esposta a rischio di erosione genetica e di estinzione dei genotipi ‘minori’ o estremamente rari. Partendo da queste considerazioni, la Regione Emilia-Romagna ha finanziato nel corso degli ultimi 20 anni numerosi progetti volti alla ricognizione, salvaguardia e valorizzazione del patrimonio viticolo.
I risultati del progetto PSR 2014-2020 - Sal.Va.Re.Bio.Vit.E.R. (2017-2020), Recupero, salvaguardia e valorizzazione della biodiversità viticola in Emilia-Romagna, conclusosi nel dicembre 2020, hanno consentito di implementare le conoscenze sulla biodiversità viticola presente in Emilia-Romagna. Nel complesso, le attività di ricognizione condotte sul territorio hanno permesso di individuare 46 accessioni delle quali è stato analizzato il profilo molecolare basato sui 10 marcatori microsatellite. Tra queste, 24 sono risultate accessioni locali, 14 delle quali non conosciute e 10 delle quali, pur non iscritte al Registro Nazionale delle Varietà e neppure al Repositorio, erano già state caratterizzate geneticamente ma solo parzialmente dal punto di vista morfologico e spesso con denominazioni differenti. I vitigni individuati verranno sottoposti a ulteriori indagini di fenotipizzazione per arrivare in primo luogo alla iscrizione al Repositorio regionale e per valutare, con ulteriori approfondimenti di natura agronomica ed enologica, le possibilità di una loro valorizzazione e di una eventuale iscrizione al Registro Nazionale delle Varietà di Vite, condizione indispensabile per rendere possibile la loro coltivazion
Nuove tipologie di frutti, tornano alla ribalta il giallo e il bicolore.
No full textDiverse per la colorazione dell’epidermide e quindi più accattivanti per i consumatori. La cerasicoltura italiana in passato le ha quasi abbandonate, ma il potenziale per una nuova diffusione c'è ed è intressant
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Vitigni minori recuperati in Emilia: salvaguardia e valorizzazione
No full textLe attività di individuazione, studio e valorizzazione della diversità viticola locale richiedono l’integrazione di conoscenze sui caratteri agronomici e le attitudini enologiche delle varietà, sugli usi tradizionali e sul legame storico con i luoghi e i loro abitanti. Queste informazioni costituiscono i tasselli di un mosaico complesso che consente di definire i rischi di scomparsa, le esigenze di tutela e le potenzialità, anche attuali, di queste risorse genetiche. Il recupero di vitigni locali minori con caratteri di interesse può offrire, infatti, l’opportunità di caratterizzare le produzioni enologiche e di dare un impulso ad attività produttive anche marginali, contribuendo così alla salvaguardia e valorizzazione sociale ed economica dei territori di appartenenza e dei loro patrimoni culturali e paesaggistici. L’individuazione di genotipi ancora sconosciuti e la valutazione delle accessioni in situ/on farm e in collezioni ex situ deve tenere conto oggi anche delle esigenze derivate dal mutare delle condizioni climatiche e dei suoi effetti sulle produzioni. La disponibilità di caratteri di resilienza e di positiva risposta alle elevate temperature estive si sta rivelando infatti uno strumento efficace per adottare strategie naturali di adattamento e per indirizzare opportunamente le attività di miglioramento varietale in viticoltura. Partendo da queste considerazioni il progetto PSR "Recupero, Salvaguardia e Valorizzazione della Biodiversità Viticola in Emilia" - Sal.Va.Re.Bio.Vit.E.R. (2017-20) ha centrato l’attenzione sull’individuazione di accessioni in territori regionali ancora poco esplorati e su vitigni rari già in collezione ex situ, i cui profili genetici non hanno trovato corrispondenze nei database nazionali e internazionali. Le analisi di accessioni ad uva bianca in collezione ex situ hanno messo in luce nei vitigni Durella e Redga la capacità di mantenere una buona acidità nel corso della maturazione, suggerendo la possibilità di utilizzarne i mosti per la correzione di vitigni con una minore acidità e per ottenere vini base atti alla spumantizzazione. La collina e la bassa montagna emiliana si sono rivelate fonte di viti locali ancora sconosciute e di potenziale interesse, da valutare ulteriormente
Lithological control on multiple surface ruptures during the 2016–2017 Amatrice-Norcia seismic sequence
No full textOn August 24th 2016, a Mw 6.0 earthquake started the Amatrice - Norcia (Central Italy) seismic sequence, generated by the extensional tectonics along the Apennines, that had its apex with the Mw 6.5 October 30th mainshock. As a unique documented case reported in Italy, complex surface faulting occurred during both earthquakes along the Mt. Vettore fault. Multiple surface faulting was accompanied at depth by the development of a km-scale normal fault-propagation fold. This fold was characterized by breakthrough and by surface rupture within thick carbonatic layers only in the central and north-western area (Mt. Vettore). On the contrary, the fault remained blind where flexural slip was active in sandy-silty turbiditic deposits in the south-eastern area (Mt. Gorzano). We explain the different faulting behaviour with the occurrence of more rigid and competent lithologies in areas characterized by breakthrough and with the occurrence of weak lithologies in areas characterized by blind faulting. Overall, the entire seismic sequence appears as a gradual gravitational adjustment of the hangingwall block, slipping along a NW-trending and 80 km long fault system. In particular, the following crustal blocks, partially overlapping and with different length (30, 40 and 22 km, respectively), progressively collapsed during the sequence: the Amatrice sector during the August 24th 2016, Mw 6.0 event, the Norcia-Visso sector during the October 26th 2016, Mw 5.9 and the 2016 October 30th Mw 6.5 event, and the Campotosto Lake sector during the four January 18th 2017, M > 5 events. The progressive involvement of these three rock volumes, during the seismic sequence is here explained by the occurrence of a low angle detachment that limited the maximum potential depth of the mainshocks and consequently the dimensions of involved rock volumes, therefore limiting the magnitudes of the mainshocks
Perception of typical Ukrainian foods among an Italian population
No full textThe Russian-speaking communities constituted the most recent flux of migration to Italy: as a consequence, their foods are still little known. This work was aimed at exploring the attitudes of Italians towards eastern European foods. A structured questionnaire was submitted to a sample Italian population in order to analyze food neo- phobia, awareness/information about traditional markets of the eastern migrant communities, and the 27 specific interest in 10 selected traditional foods. Food neophobia was higher among the elderly and 28 among the less educated people. The awareness of eastern foods was higher among the elderly, whereas willingness to try was higher among the younger people. Education did not affect awareness, but increased willingness to try. The interest in specific foods was generally lower in the less educated people, the elderly and the neophobics, with differences depending on the nature of foods. This research indicates some potential for the development of new products, that could arise from an enhanced exchange of knowledge between Italians and Ukrainians and other Russian-speaking communities
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
