1,720,972 research outputs found
Les frontières d’Israël. Passé, Présent et Futur (résumé)
No full textBiger Gideon. Les frontières d’Israël. Passé, Présent et Futur (résumé). In: Géographes associés n°28,2004. Frontières palestiniennes. Regards croisés des géographes. pp. 45-48
The boundaries of Israël-Palestine. Past, Present and Future
No full textBiger Gideon. The boundaries of Israël-Palestine. Past, Present and Future. In: Géographes associés n°28,2004. Frontières palestiniennes. Regards croisés des géographes. pp. 35-43
Contributions au débat
No full textKlingbeil Detlev,Biger Gideon,Efrat Elisha,Hasson Shlomo,Meir Avinoam,Holz Jean-MarcKlingbeil Detlev, Biger Gideon, Efrat Elisha, Hasson Shlomo, Meir Avinoam, Holz Jean-Marc. Contributions au débat. In: L'Espace géographique, tome 14, n°2, 1985. pp. 85-91
Granice na Bliskim Wschodzie – przeszłość, teraźniejszość, przyszłość
No full textMiędzynarodowe granice na Bliskim Wschodzie ustalone zostały w XX w. za sprawą
państw europejskich, wśród których prym wiodła Wielka Brytania. Przy wytyczaniu
granic zostały uwzględnione więc przede wszystkim interesy kolonialne europejskich
imperiów, natomiast pod uwagę nie wzięto w stopniu należytym pragnień i aspiracji
żyjących na tym obszarze ludów. W zależności od lokalizacji, granice bliskowschodnie
można podzielić na następujące: naturalne, biegnące wzdłuż dawnych granic administracyjnych
Imperium Osmańskiego, oraz sztuczne, przybierające charakter linii prostych
i nierespektujące uwarunkowań etnicznych.
Bliski Wschód jest tym regionem świata, gdzie najpóźniej ustanowiono nowoczesne
granice liniowe. Z tego powodu występują tam nadal spory w kwestii delimitacji tych
granic. Szczególnie poważnym przypadkiem są granice Izraela. Tylko jedna z jego
granic – z Egiptem – jest uzgodniona poprzez umowę międzynarodową, poza tym tylko
dwa fragmenty granicy z Jordanią nie są kwestionowane. Toczone od pewnego czasu
syryjsko-izraelskie rozmowy pokojowe, jak również rokowania pomiędzy Izraelem
a Autonomią Palestyńską, zostały zawieszone właśnie z powodu niemożliwości rozwią-
zania sporów granicznych. Autonomia Palestyńska nadal liczy na międzynarodowe
uznanie jej granic, co stworzyłoby nowy układ geopolityczny na Bliskim Wschodzie.This article presents a complicated process of shaping national borders in the Middle East. The
author demonstrates the fact that present political boundaries were established mainly by the
European countries, with the United Kingdom leading the way. National desires, colonial
aspirations, imperial needs, all led to the unrealistic picture of the boundaries in the Middle East.
The author analyzes the boundaries fallen into the following categories: those in which natural
features influenced their location, boundaries which run along old Ottoman Empire administrative
boundaries in the form of straight lines, the lines which follow man-made features, and ethnic
lines. The aim of this paper is to focus on one of the neglected factors which determine the exact
location of international boundaries in the Middle East, namely village boundaries. The examples
of Israel-Palest boundaries as well as the Syrian-Jordan boundary will be used to examine this
phenomenon
Is the Sykes – Picot Agreement of 1916 was the basis for the political division of the Middle East?
No full textIn 1916, Britain and France signed an agreement deals with the future division of the Ottoman Empire. This agreement, known as the Sykes – Picot Agreement, after its two designers, the British Sir Mark Sykes and the French François George Picot, is seen up today as the main act which created the modern Middle East and responsible for some of its problems. The article present here point to another act, the decision of the newly established League of Nation to create the Mandate System and , following it, the San Remo decision of April 1920 giving the Mandates concerning the Arab Middle East to France and Britain, as the main designer of the division of the Middle East to its present form
Same basic geographical facts concerning the Israel - Palestine dispute
Get PDFThe Israeli-Palestinian dispute is one of the major disputes in which, it seems, everybody "know" the basic facts and anyone who deals with it has a solution. Although we are dealing with a very recent dispute, which seems to take its first steps only about a hundred years ago, its routs goes back for thousands of years, going back to the first and second century A.D.Tomasz Wiskulsk
Historical geography and international boundaries
Get PDFInternational boundaries are man made separation lines which divided between more then 200 different states which exist to day all over our globs. Anyhow, all of today's boundaries were created in the past; sometimes some years ago, sometimes some decades ago and some boundaries were even established some hundred years ago. By this, they are legitimate targets for historical geography research.Tomasz Wiskulsk
Patrick Geddes – not only a town planner but a poet too
Get PDFSir Patrick Geddes, one of the fathers of modern town planning, worked as a town planner in
Palestine during the 1920’s. He was motivated mainly by his Zionist feeling which can be seen
in an unknown poem written by him concerning his attitude toward his work. This poem, which
has never been published, presenting his admiration for the old-new Zionist ideology and the way
that gifted man bonded together his knowledge of the Bible, his Scottish roots and his work into
a poem, found in his unpublished private papers
"Gaza Strip" - a Unique political area
Get PDFGaza Strip, a small area located in the South East shore of the Mediterranean sea in a unique political territorial entity which fro time to time catch the headline as rockets are sent from it to Israel and Israel retaliating by army force. It is part of the non - independence Palestinian Authority, not recognized as a separated area by no-one, behave independently toward the world. It was created by a series of political agreements, military activities, citizen wars, United Nation resolutions and agreements, more the 10 times during the last 100 years, and its future is still to be seen.Tomasz Wiskulsk
Is the Sykes – Picot Agreement of 1916 was the basis for the political division of the Middle East?
Get PDFIn 1916, Britain and France signed an agreement deals with the future division of the Ottoman Empire. This agreement, known as the Sykes – Picot Agreement, after its two designers, the British Sir Mark Sykes and the French François George Picot, is seen up today as the main act which created the modern Middle East and responsible for some of its problems. The article present here point to another act, the decision of the newly established League of Nation to create the Mandate System and , following it, the San Remo decision of April 1920 giving the Mandates concerning the Arab Middle East to France and Britain, as the main designer of the division of the Middle East to its present form
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