1,720,959 research outputs found
Effetti della crisi internazionale sulla subfornitura meccanica in Emilia Romagna
Get PDFThe engineering industry in Emilia-Romagna is a strategic asset for the development of Italy. What are the effects of the 2008 crisis on this industry in the region? What were the responses from companies? What questions for public policy emerge from the reading of the structural features of the regional industry and effects of the crisis? To outline the answers to these questions, in addition to the statistics available from official sources and to previous empirical research, information were drawn from a series of more than forty interviews (carried out between January and April 2011) to 28 engineering companies in the provinces of Bologna and Modena and to associations of firms in the two provinces. A background of the debate on development issues in manufacturing sectors introduces the relevance of mechanical production of the Emilia-Romagna region. The results of the empirical investigation focus on the networks of relationships that characterize the mechanical filières in the region. In the second part of the paper, 28 case studies are presented with regard to their structural characteristics, the pre-crisis strategies, the effects of the crisis and post-crisis strategies, problems, perspectives of local subcontracting. Issues of public policy are highlighted. For eight companies that have agreed to the disclosure (Ima, Sacmi, Marchesini, Tetra Pak, Partena, Rossi, Caprari, CBM) extended description drawn from interviews are also available
Structural Change and Resilience in Industrial Districts. The Case of Carpi
Get PDFIl mutamento delle condizioni della concorrenza, con la crescente integrazione dei mercati e la comparsa dei produttori asiatici, un progresso tecnico che coinvolge tanto l’organizzazione dei processi, quanto i prodotti e le abitudini di consumo, la crisi economico-finanziaria, la pandemia e le sue conseguenze sulla organizzazione delle catene di fornitura e la necessità di orientare le scelte aziendali verso produzioni sostenibili, hanno costituito e costituiscono altrettante sfide per la manifattura italiana e per il Made in Italy. In questo saggio si esaminano i processi di cambiamento che hanno avuto luogo negli ultimi 30 anni in uno dei più noti distretti industriali italiani: il distretto della maglieria e delle confezioni di Carpi. Utilizzando un panel aperto di circa 300 imprese, rappresentative della popolazione, il saggio ricostruisce gli andamenti generali dell’industria utilizzando i microdati raccolti, nel corso del periodo, dall’Osservatorio del settore tessile abbigliamento del distretto. La ricchezza delle informazioni disponibili consente di dare conto delle principali scelte strategiche sia delle imprese finali sia delle imprese di subfornitura. Il saggio mostra come nonostante un forte ridimensionamento della base manifatturiera, Carpi abbia ancora possibilità di sviluppo. L’analisi si conclude con un confronto con un altro storico distretto tessile, Prato, evidenziando le diverse traiettorie dei due sistemi produttivi e con alcune riflessioni sulle politiche industriali.
Parole chiave: distretti industriali, industria della maglieria e delle confezioni, Made in Italy.
JEL: L25, L6, L67, R11, R12.
Abstract
Changing competitive conditions, with the increasing integration of markets and the emergence of Asian producers, technical progress involving both the organization of processes and products and consumption habits, the economic and financial crisis, the pandemic and its consequences on the organization of supply chains, and the need to orient company choices towards sustainable production, have constituted and continue to constitute, challenges for Italian manufacturing and Made in Italy. This essay examines the processes of change that have taken place over the last 30 years in one of Italy's best-known industrial districts: the knitwear and clothing district of Carpi. Using an open panel of about 300 companies, representative of the population, the essay reconstructs the general trends of the industry using micro-data collected during the period by the district's textile and clothing observatory. The richness of the information available makes it possible to give an account of the main strategic choices made by both final companies and subcontracting firms. The essay shows how despite a strong downsizing of the manufacturing base, Carpi still has possibilities for development. The analysis concludes with a comparison with another historical textile district, Prato, highlighting the different trajectories of the two production systems and with some reflections on industrial policies.
Keywords: industrial districts, knitwear and clothing industries, Made in Italy
JEL Classification: L25, L6, L67, R11, R12
La subfornitura meccanica in Emilia-Romagna fra crisi e riorganizzazione delle filiere. Quali strategie per competere
Get PDFLa ricerca presentata in questo rapporto è stata realizzata nell’ambito del progetto pro-mozionale, di cui all’art. 13 della Legge Regionale 09/02/2010 n. 1 Norme per la tutela, la promozione, lo sviluppo e la valorizzazione dell’artigianato, approvato con determina della Giunta Regionale Emilia-Romagna n. 2581 del 22/02/2016 dal titolo “Tra creativi-tà e tradizione: una nuova immagine dell’impresa artigiana nella subfornitura meccani-ca”. La finalità principale della ricerca riguarda l’analisi degli effetti della crisi e dei processi di riorganizzazione in atto nelle principali filiere dell’industria meccanica regionale sul-le caratteristiche e le prospettive delle imprese di subfornitura. Gli obiettivi conoscitivi sono, in particolare, l’analisi dei cambiamenti di tipo strutturale delle imprese, legati ai processi di internazionalizzazione dei mercati di sbocco e di ap-provvigionamento; l’analisi delle strategie seguite dalle imprese in risposta alla crisi e al nuovo contesto competitivo; l’analisi dell’evoluzione delle relazioni fra committenti e subfornitori
Distretti industriali e imprese di immigrati cinesi: rischi e opportunità con particolare riferimento a Carpi e Prato
No full textIl presente contributo intende riassumere a grandi linee le sfide teoriche ed empiriche che la presenza delle piccole imprese di immigrati cinesi ha portato ai distretti italiani, in particolare nella produzione di maglieria e abbigliamento.
L'obiettivo è quello di superare un approccio di economia di enclave chiusa e di cogliere i rapporti dinamici e interconnessi fra forme di “etnoindustrializzazione”, quelle distrettuali e quelle migratorie, che condividono spazi locali.
Dopo un capitolo che definisce i principali elementi del dibattito sul tema, e come essi si possano concretizzare nel caso della presenza cinese nei distretti industriali (§ 1), si seguiranno le evoluzioni recenti di due casi studio, Carpi (§ 2) e Prato (§ 3). Infine, si cercherà di delineare i potenziali rischi e opportunità per il futuro dei distretti che vedono oggi una trasformazione non trascurabile della presenza cinese (§ 4)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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