1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Continue-tijd Markov keten modellen voor fylodynamica van pathogenen: model extensie, simulatie en visualisatie
No full textThe emergence of pandemic outbreaks, which we w itness with an alarmingly increasing frequency, re present a clear and imminent threat to the public health.
This threat has been exemplified by the H1N1 influenza A outbreak in 2009 or¨ the Ebola virus outbreak in West Africa in 20 14.
Combating viral spread and their associat ed disease burden is a tremendous challenge requir ing significant research efforts and decided¨ public health measures.
Viral sequence data, ¨which is now becoming available in unprecedented¨ quantities and with remarkable rapidity, is f requently considered to be one of the main assets¨ in the characterization of pathogens associated wi th high mortality.
The research direction coi ned `phylodynamics&##39; integrates molecular and e pidemiological data and aims to develop a fully qu antitative understanding of the processes tha t shape the epidemiology, evolution and spread of¨ viruses.
In this thesis I outline my co ntributions to pursue comprehensive analyses¨ of the interaction between the ecological and evol utionary dynamics of emerging viruses.
In par ticular this PhD project aims at advancing statist ical models for unravelling viral spatiotempo ral history, to provide adequate visualization of¨ our statistical estimates and to alleviate the com putational burden associated with drawing inf erence under these models.
I believe that the se developments have the potential to result¨ in a better understanding of pathogen epidemi ology and evolution, which may ultimately ass ist in designing effective intervention and preven tion strategies.
Chapter 1 of this thesis in troduces fundamental aspects of phylogenetics .
Section 1.1 discusses what processes shape¨ the evolution and emergence of pathogens and how p hylogenetics inference can be used to infer those¨ past processes.
In Section 1.2 I then proceed ¨to introduce the theory of Markov chains and ¨likelihood computation, and how this theory¨ is used to formulate stochastic models of sequence ¨evolution.
Simple examples are included to illustrate these concepts.
Finally Section 1.4 ¨covers Bayesian methods and MCMC algorithms, and¨ provides some detail of their implementation¨ in the BEAST software.
Chapter 2 is an expan ded version of our published manuscript on time-he terogenous ‘epoch’ models [Bielej ec et al., 2014].
I included details of the i mplementation of the numerical procedures in BEAST ¨software package and BEAGLE library, as well ¨as speed-up comparisons between sequential (CPU)¨ and parallel (GPU) implementations, which wer e omitted in the published version of the manuscri pt.
This chapter is accompanied by Appen dix A, which describes how the implemented models¨ can be setup as an XML document readable by BEAST.
In Section 5.1 I discuss interesting avenues ¨for further extensions and ongoing work on this model.
Chapters 3 and 4 are publish ed manuscripts in which I introduce two softw are packages written and maintained as part o f my PhD training.
Specifically, Chapter 3 pr esents software for visualizing phylogeographic re constructions resulting from Bayesian inference of viral diffusion processes called SPREAD.This particular program has proven to be qu ite popular, which is why in Section 5.3 I discuss ¨extensions and improvements which are planne d to appear in the second version of the package.
A detailed tutorial on using the cu rrent version of this package can be found in Appe ndix B.
The πBUSS simulation software pac kage is discussed in Chapter 4, along with a simul ation study that aims at exploring the limits of e stimating old divergence times when faced wit h molecular data coming from rapidly evolving viru ses.
This study has sparked my interest¨ in developing more biologically realistic codon mo dels, which allow for both across-site and across- branch variation. Such models should improve the r esolution with which we can estimate old ¨divergence dates.
This ongoing work is descr ibed in Section 5.2.
Future extensions of the ¨πBUSS simulator are described in Section¨5.4 and a gentle tutorial on using this softw are can be found in Appendix C.
Finally Chap ter 5 offers a wider perspective on the presented¨ work.
In Subsection 5.3.1 of this c hapter I describe some of the past and curren t efforts to visualize spatio-temporal diffusion p rocesses, and how SPREAD is positioned in relation ¨to those endeavors.
In the last Section 5.5 I briefly touch upon the history of high-perf ormance computing and proceed to discuss some of t he parallel computing architectures which are ¨in use today.
These advances are of utmost i mportance for the data-driven bioinformatics commu nity, and learning how to properly lever age their computing capabilities is a necessity if ¨we want to capitalize on the vast amount of genomic data collected every day.status: Publishe
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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