1,720,958 research outputs found
The Critique of Antidemographic Reason: Population Theory After Marx and Malthus
No full textAusgehend von der anhaltenden Polarisierung zwischen malthusianischem Pessimismus und techno-optimistischem Fortschrittsglauben analysiere ich in diesem Beitrag zentrale ideologische Konfliktlinien in der Bevölkerungstheorie. Während ökologische Warnungen vor planetaren Grenzen einem liberalen Vertrauen in die Innovationskraft wachsender Bevölkerungen gegenüberstehen, rückt die feministische Kritik die sozialen Folgen bevölkerungspolitischer Maßnahmen ins Zentrum. Zugleich bleibt in dieser Perspektive häufig die Frage nach den strukturellen Ursachen des Bevölkerungswachstums unbeantwortet. Daher plädiere ich für eine kritische Rückbesinnung auf die marxistische Malthus-Kritik, die demografische Dynamiken als Ausdruck historisch-spezifischer Produktions- und Reproduktionsverhältnisse versteht.Starting from the ongoing polarization between Malthusian pessimism and techno-optimistic faith in progress, I analyze key ideological fault lines in population theory. While ecological warnings about planetary boundaries confront a liberal belief in the innovative potential of growing populations, feminist critiques have foregrounded the social consequences of population policies. Yet this perspective often leaves the structural causes of population growth unaddressed. Therefore I call for a critical return to the Marxist critique of Malthus, which interprets demographic dynamics as expressions of historically specific relations of production and reproduction
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Le cumul des énergies
No full textInternational audienceL’historien J.-B. Fressoz fournit la première enquête généalogique de la notion de transition énergétique. Face aux discours qui remettent la « transition » toujours à plus tard, l’historien relève le défi politique inédit d’une sortie définitive des énergies fossiles
Cold War Ecology. Socialist Environmental Reflexivities from the “Club of Moscow” to Harich's “Degrowth Communism” in the GDR
No full textInternational audienc
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
