1,720,993 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Optimisation des thérapies de stimulation/modulation électrique dans le traitement des troubles vésico-sphinctériens neurogènes et non-neurogènes
No full textEven if it involves alternating between a filling phase and an emptying phase, the normal micturition cycle cannot be summed up as a binary operation but involves the constant consideration of multiple factors: the filling level of the bladder reservoir, the safety of the environment in which we live, the emotional context in which we evolve and the social constraints to which we are subjected.We now know that there are alterations and/or modifications in brain activity and connectivity, as well as changes in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, in certain types of lower urinary tract dysfunction - notably in overactive bladder or urge urinary incontinence and in certain types of voiding dysfunctions. Among the therapies available today, electrical modulation/stimulation therapies (tibial neurostimulation and sacral neuromodulation) appear able to normalize and/or modify brain activity and connectivity, as well as ANS balance. They could thus provide at least a partial response to some of the etiopathogenies underlying these lower urinary tract dysfunctions. However, the deployment and positioning of these electrical modulation/stimulation therapies are still limited by an incomplete understanding of their mechanisms of action, imperfect identification of the indications and populations most likely to benefit from these therapies, a lack of consensus on the setting of the electrical current delivered, and a lack of medium and long-term evaluation. In the first part, we questioned the indications for these therapies, and particularly their place as a preventive approach for lower urinary tract dysfunctions due to spinal cord injury. We also questioned the relation, in terms of efficacy, between transcutaneous tibial neurostimulation and sacral neuromodulation, to better support patients in shared medical decision-making processe. Finally, we developed the first tool to predict the success of sacral neuromodulation as a treatment for voiding dysfunction. In the second part, we questioned the mechanisms of action, and more specifically the changes in the balance of the autonomic nervous system in response to an acute S3 sacral root stimulation.In the third part, we questioned the mid-term follow-up (5 years) after definitive implantation of sacral neuromodulation in a geographic population pool, looking for risk factors for discontinuation of follow-up. These data, although still to be supplemented by future research projects, will enable us to further optimize electrical modulation/stimulation therapies in the management of neurogenic and non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions.Même s'il correspond à l'alternance entre une phase de remplissage et une phase de vidange de la vessie, le cycle mictionnel ne peut se résumer à une opération binaire mais implique bien la prise en compte constante de multiples facteurs : le niveau de remplissage du réservoir vésical, la sécurité de l'environnement dans lequel nous vivons, le contexte émotionnel dans lequel nous évoluons et les contraintes sociales auxquelles nous sommes soumis.On sait aujourd'hui qu'il existe des altérations et/ou des modifications de l'activité et de la connectivité cérébrales, ainsi que des changements dans la régulation du système nerveux autonome (SNA), dans certains types de troubles vésico-sphinctériens- notamment dans l'hyperactivité vésicale ou l'incontinence urinaire par urgenturie et dans certains types de troubles de la vidange vésicale.Parmi les thérapies disponibles aujourd'hui, les thérapies de modulation/stimulation électrique (neurostimulation tibiale et neuromodulation sacrée) semblent capables de normaliser et/ou de modifier l'activité et la connectivité cérébrales,ainsi que l'équilibre du SNA. Elles pourraient donc apporter, au moins, une réponse partielle à certaines des étiopathogénies sous-jacentes à ces troubles vésico-sphinctériens.Cependant, le déploiement et le positionnement de ces thérapies de modulation/stimulation électrique sont encore limités par une compréhension incomplète de leurs mécanismes d'action, une identification imparfaite des indications et des populations les plus susceptibles de bénéficier de ces thérapies, un manque de consensus sur le réglage du courant électrique délivré, et un manque d'évaluation à moyen et long terme.Dans la première partie, nous nous sommes interrogés sur les indications de ces thérapies, et notamment sur leur place dans l'approche préventive des dysfonctionnements vésico-sphinctériens secondaires à une lésion médullaire. Nous nous sommes également interrogés sur la relation, en termes d'efficacité, entre la neurostimulation tibiale transcutanée et la neuromodulation sacrée, afin de mieux soutenir les patients dans le processus de décision médicale partagée. Enfin, nousavons mis au point le premier outil permettant de prédire le succès de la neuromodulation sacrée en tant que traitement du trouble de la vidange vésicale.Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous sommes interrogés sur les mécanismes d'action, et plus particulièrement sur les changements dans l'équilibre du SNA en réponse à une stimulation aiguë de la racine sacrée.Dans la troisième partie, nous nous sommes interrogés sur le suivi à moyen terme (5 ans) après l'implantation définitive de la neuromodulation sacrée dans un bassin de population géographique, en recherchant les facteurs de risque d'abandon du suivi. Ces données, bien que devant encore être complétées par de futurs projets de recherche, nous permettront d'optimiser davantage les thérapies de modulation/stimulation électrique dans la prise en charge des troubles vésico-sphinctériens neurogènes et non neurogènes
Optimization of electrical stimulation/modulation therapies in the management of neurogenic and non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction
No full textAbstract: Even though it corresponds to the alternation between a bladder filling phase and a bladder emptying phase, the normal micturition cycle cannot be summed up as a binary operation but involves the constant consideration of multiple factors: the filling level of the bladder reservoir, the safety of the environment in which we live, the emotional context in which we evolve and the social constraints to which we are subjected. We now know that there are alterations and/or modifications in brain activity and connectivity, as well as changes in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), in certain types of lower urinary tract dysfunctions - notably in overactive bladder or urge urinary incontinence and in certain types of voiding dysfunctions. Among the therapies available today, electrical modulation/stimulation therapies (tibial neurostimulation and sacral neuromodulation) appear able to normalize and/or modify brain activity and connectivity, as well as the ANS balance. They could thus provide, at least, a partial response to some of the etiopathogenies underlying these lower urinary tract dysfunctions. However, the deployment and positioning of these electrical modulation/stimulation therapies are still limited by an incomplete understanding of their mechanisms of action, imperfect identification of the indications and populations most likely to benefit from these therapies, a lack of consensus on the setting of the electrical current delivered, and a lack of medium and long-term evaluation. In the first part, we questioned the indications for these therapies, and particularly their place as a preventive approach for lower urinary tract dysfunctions due to spinal cord injury. We also questioned the relation, in terms of efficacy, between transcutaneous tibial neurostimulation and sacral neuromodulation, to better support patients in shared decision making process. Finally, we developed the first tool to predict the success of sacral neuromodulation as a treatment for voiding dysfunction. In the second part, we questioned the mechanisms of action, and more specifically the changes in the balance of the ANS in response to an acute sacral root stimulation. In the third part, we questioned the mid-term follow-up (5 years) after definitive implantation of sacral neuromodulation in a geographic population pool, looking for risk factors for discontinuation of follow-up. These data, although still to be supplemented by future research projects, will enable us to further optimize electrical modulation/stimulation therapies in the management of neurogenic and non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Optimisation des thérapies de stimulation/modulation électrique dans le traitement des troubles vésico-sphinctériens neurogènes et non-neurogènes
No full textEven if it involves alternating between a filling phase and an emptying phase, the normal micturition cycle cannot be summed up as a binary operation but involves the constant consideration of multiple factors: the filling level of the bladder reservoir, the safety of the environment in which we live, the emotional context in which we evolve and the social constraints to which we are subjected.We now know that there are alterations and/or modifications in brain activity and connectivity, as well as changes in the regulation of the autonomic nervous system, in certain types of lower urinary tract dysfunction - notably in overactive bladder or urge urinary incontinence and in certain types of voiding dysfunctions. Among the therapies available today, electrical modulation/stimulation therapies (tibial neurostimulation and sacral neuromodulation) appear able to normalize and/or modify brain activity and connectivity, as well as ANS balance. They could thus provide at least a partial response to some of the etiopathogenies underlying these lower urinary tract dysfunctions. However, the deployment and positioning of these electrical modulation/stimulation therapies are still limited by an incomplete understanding of their mechanisms of action, imperfect identification of the indications and populations most likely to benefit from these therapies, a lack of consensus on the setting of the electrical current delivered, and a lack of medium and long-term evaluation. In the first part, we questioned the indications for these therapies, and particularly their place as a preventive approach for lower urinary tract dysfunctions due to spinal cord injury. We also questioned the relation, in terms of efficacy, between transcutaneous tibial neurostimulation and sacral neuromodulation, to better support patients in shared medical decision-making processe. Finally, we developed the first tool to predict the success of sacral neuromodulation as a treatment for voiding dysfunction. In the second part, we questioned the mechanisms of action, and more specifically the changes in the balance of the autonomic nervous system in response to an acute S3 sacral root stimulation.In the third part, we questioned the mid-term follow-up (5 years) after definitive implantation of sacral neuromodulation in a geographic population pool, looking for risk factors for discontinuation of follow-up. These data, although still to be supplemented by future research projects, will enable us to further optimize electrical modulation/stimulation therapies in the management of neurogenic and non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions.Même s'il correspond à l'alternance entre une phase de remplissage et une phase de vidange de la vessie, le cycle mictionnel ne peut se résumer à une opération binaire mais implique bien la prise en compte constante de multiples facteurs : le niveau de remplissage du réservoir vésical, la sécurité de l'environnement dans lequel nous vivons, le contexte émotionnel dans lequel nous évoluons et les contraintes sociales auxquelles nous sommes soumis.On sait aujourd'hui qu'il existe des altérations et/ou des modifications de l'activité et de la connectivité cérébrales, ainsi que des changements dans la régulation du système nerveux autonome (SNA), dans certains types de troubles vésico-sphinctériens- notamment dans l'hyperactivité vésicale ou l'incontinence urinaire par urgenturie et dans certains types de troubles de la vidange vésicale.Parmi les thérapies disponibles aujourd'hui, les thérapies de modulation/stimulation électrique (neurostimulation tibiale et neuromodulation sacrée) semblent capables de normaliser et/ou de modifier l'activité et la connectivité cérébrales,ainsi que l'équilibre du SNA. Elles pourraient donc apporter, au moins, une réponse partielle à certaines des étiopathogénies sous-jacentes à ces troubles vésico-sphinctériens.Cependant, le déploiement et le positionnement de ces thérapies de modulation/stimulation électrique sont encore limités par une compréhension incomplète de leurs mécanismes d'action, une identification imparfaite des indications et des populations les plus susceptibles de bénéficier de ces thérapies, un manque de consensus sur le réglage du courant électrique délivré, et un manque d'évaluation à moyen et long terme.Dans la première partie, nous nous sommes interrogés sur les indications de ces thérapies, et notamment sur leur place dans l'approche préventive des dysfonctionnements vésico-sphinctériens secondaires à une lésion médullaire. Nous nous sommes également interrogés sur la relation, en termes d'efficacité, entre la neurostimulation tibiale transcutanée et la neuromodulation sacrée, afin de mieux soutenir les patients dans le processus de décision médicale partagée. Enfin, nousavons mis au point le premier outil permettant de prédire le succès de la neuromodulation sacrée en tant que traitement du trouble de la vidange vésicale.Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous sommes interrogés sur les mécanismes d'action, et plus particulièrement sur les changements dans l'équilibre du SNA en réponse à une stimulation aiguë de la racine sacrée.Dans la troisième partie, nous nous sommes interrogés sur le suivi à moyen terme (5 ans) après l'implantation définitive de la neuromodulation sacrée dans un bassin de population géographique, en recherchant les facteurs de risque d'abandon du suivi. Ces données, bien que devant encore être complétées par de futurs projets de recherche, nous permettront d'optimiser davantage les thérapies de modulation/stimulation électrique dans la prise en charge des troubles vésico-sphinctériens neurogènes et non neurogènes
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