1,721,001 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Maternal effects as mediators for climate change : mechanisms and consequences on birds populations
No full textDans le contexte des changements globaux, la transformation du milieu rural ou naturel en milieu urbain est particulièrement bien étudiée. A la fois cause et conséquences des changements, l’urbanisation exerce de fortes pressions de sélection sur les populations et les écosystèmes. En effet, les facteurs tels que la perte d’habitat naturel, la hausse de la température, de la luminosité ou de la perméabilité des sols érodent la biodiversité en ville. Les contraintes environnementales influencent les phénotypes et la survie des organismes. Les parents peuvent moduler l’influence de l’environnement sur le phénotype du jeune et du futur adulte en s’investissant dans la reproduction. L’objectif de cette thèse était de comprendre le rôle des effets maternels sur les phénotypes des oiseaux urbains à travers la description et la mise en relation des variations environnementales, phénologiques et phénotypiques entre et au sein de populations aviaires à différents niveaux d’urbanisation. Pour mener à bien ce projet, deux espèces ont été sélectionnées : les mésanges bleues (Cyanistes caeruleus) et les mésanges charbonnières (Parus major) présentes le long du gradient urbain-rural. Le suivi de trois saisons de reproduction a été réalisé sur sept sites en zone urbanisée (parcs et jardins de Paris), une saison sur trois sites en zone semi-urbanisée et cinq saison sur deux sites en zone rurale (forêt de Fontainebleau et bois privés du CEREEP). La phénologie, le succès de reproduction ainsi que le phénotype (condition corporelle, condition physiologique et signaux colorés) des adultes et des jeunes ont été mesurés. Les résultats montrent que l’urbanisation n’influence pas la phénologie mais le succès de reproduction des deux espèces est plus faible sur Paris par rapport à la zone rurale. De plus, la coloration des adultes et la condition corporelle des jeunes varient avec l’habitat. Afin de mieux comprendre ce qui influence la coloration des mésanges charbonnières, une expérience de supplémentation a été mise en place après la mue des adultes. Enfin pour mieux cibler l’effet de la température sur le succès de reproduction des mésanges charbonnières, une expérience de chauffage des nids a été réalisée. Tous les résultats récoltés montrent que les mésanges bleues et charbonnières ont de grandes capacités d’adaptation aux facteurs environnementaux même si leur succès de reproduction est diminué en zone urbaine ce qui explique en partie la pérennité de leurs présences dans les centres urbains à travers l’Europe.In global changes context, the transformation of rural or natural area into urban area is well studied. At once cause and consequence of global changes, urbanization induces high selections pressures on populations and ecosystems. Factors such as habitat destruction, temperature, luminosity and soil permeability increase diminish biodiversity in town. Environmental characteristics influence phenotypes and survival of organisms. Parents can modulate environmental influence on young or future adult phenotype by investing in reproduction. The aim of this thesis was to understand the role of maternal effects on urban bird phenotypes through description and relation between environmental variation, differences in phenology and in phenotypes within and among populations at different levels of urbanization. For this purpose, two species were selected; the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) and the great tit (Parus major), present along an urbanisation gradient. Monitoring of three reproductive seasons were realised in seven sites in urban area, (parks of Paris), on in three sites in suburban areas and five reproductive seasons in two sites in rural area (Fontainebleau forest and private forest of CEREEP). The phenology, reproductive success and phenotype (coloured signals, body and physiological condition) of adults and nestlings were measured. Thesis results showed that for the two species, phenology did not differ between habitats but reproductive success was lower in Paris than in rural areas. Moreover, great tit coloration and nestling body condition varied with habitat. In order to understand how and which factors influenced great tit colouration, a supplementation experiment was realised after moult. Finally to study temperature influence on great tit reproductive success, a heating nest experiment was realised. Thesis results showed that blue and great tits are highly able to adapt to urban environments even if their reproductive success was decreased in urban area which explained presence in all Europeans cities
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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