126,973 research outputs found
Identification of a rare blood group, "Bombay (Oh) phenotype," in Bhuyan tribe of Northwestern Orissa, India
No full textBackground: Blood group serology plays a vital role in transfusion
medicine. The Bombay (Oh) phenotype is characterized by the absence of
A, B, and H antigens on red cells and occurs rarely, especially in
tribal populations of India. Aims and Objectives: This is a
field-based random population study in the Bhuyan tribal community. The
study reports three cases of the rare Bombay (Oh) phenotype for the
first time in the Bhuyan tribe of Sundargarh district in North-Western
Orissa. Materials and Methods: Taking informed consent, red blood cells
of 836 Bhuyan subjects were tested with three antisera, i.e., anti-A,
anti-B, and anti-H (lectin) for forward reaction. Agglutinations of
plasma with A, B, and O (H) red cells (reverse reaction) were also
tested for the presence or absence of antibodies in the serum.
Specialized tests like absorption-elution, titration of naturally
occurring antibodies at different temperatures, inhibition of anti-H by
O saliva secretor, and determination of secretor status were performed.
Results: Three cases of a rare blood group, Bombay (Oh) phenotype, (2
out of 244 Khandayat Bhuyan and 1 out of 379 Paudi Bhuyan from Hemgiri
and Lahunipara blocks, respectively) in the Bhuyan tribe of Sundargarh
district in North-Western Orissa were detected, giving an incidence of
1 in 122 in Khandayat Bhuyan and 1 in 379 in Paudi Bhuyan, with an
average of 1 in 278 among the Bhuyan tribal population. This incidence
is high in comparison to earlier studies reported from India.
Conclusions: The practice of tribal and territorial endogamy in a
smaller effective populations (for example, there are only 3,521
individuals in Paudi Bhuyan) results in smaller marital distance and
inbreeding, leading to increased homozygous expression of rare
recessive genetic characters like the Bombay (Oh) phenotype. This study
further testifies that the incidence is higher in those states of India
where the consanguinity is a common practice
Identification of a rare blood group, "Bombay (Oh) phenotype," in Bhuyan tribe of Northwestern Orissa, India
No full textBackground: Blood group serology plays a vital role in transfusion
medicine. The Bombay (Oh) phenotype is characterized by the absence of
A, B, and H antigens on red cells and occurs rarely, especially in
tribal populations of India. Aims and Objectives: This is a
field-based random population study in the Bhuyan tribal community. The
study reports three cases of the rare Bombay (Oh) phenotype for the
first time in the Bhuyan tribe of Sundargarh district in North-Western
Orissa. Materials and Methods: Taking informed consent, red blood cells
of 836 Bhuyan subjects were tested with three antisera, i.e., anti-A,
anti-B, and anti-H (lectin) for forward reaction. Agglutinations of
plasma with A, B, and O (H) red cells (reverse reaction) were also
tested for the presence or absence of antibodies in the serum.
Specialized tests like absorption-elution, titration of naturally
occurring antibodies at different temperatures, inhibition of anti-H by
O saliva secretor, and determination of secretor status were performed.
Results: Three cases of a rare blood group, Bombay (Oh) phenotype, (2
out of 244 Khandayat Bhuyan and 1 out of 379 Paudi Bhuyan from Hemgiri
and Lahunipara blocks, respectively) in the Bhuyan tribe of Sundargarh
district in North-Western Orissa were detected, giving an incidence of
1 in 122 in Khandayat Bhuyan and 1 in 379 in Paudi Bhuyan, with an
average of 1 in 278 among the Bhuyan tribal population. This incidence
is high in comparison to earlier studies reported from India.
Conclusions: The practice of tribal and territorial endogamy in a
smaller effective populations (for example, there are only 3,521
individuals in Paudi Bhuyan) results in smaller marital distance and
inbreeding, leading to increased homozygous expression of rare
recessive genetic characters like the Bombay (Oh) phenotype. This study
further testifies that the incidence is higher in those states of India
where the consanguinity is a common practice
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Highly porous alkali activated foams for water and wastewater treatment
No full textAbstract
Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) have diverse applications in water and wastewater treatment. In this thesis, porous AAM foams were prepared with the goal to explore their potential use in new applications for water and wastewater treatment, namely adsorptive filters, point-of-use water disinfection, and separation of microplastics.
The adsorptive filters were prepared from blast furnace slag and optimized by comparing five different surfactants and doses of H2O2. Porous AAM exhibiting the highest mechanical strength was investigated for methylene blue adsorption. To further enhance the adsorption performance, a lignin-containing composite foam was prepared. In the dynamic adsorption experiments, the highest adsorption amount obtained with the lignin-composite foam was ~40 mg/g. Moreover, peracetic acid was investigated as an alternative foaming agent in the preparation of porous AAMs. During the investigation, lower volume expansion and faster reaction kinetics with reduced setting time were observed for peracetic acid-based porous AAM compared to H2O2-based porous AAM.
To develop material for point-of-use water disinfection, the first goal was to achieve comparable water permeability to traditional ceramic filters by varying the amount of hydrogen peroxide. An optimized foam was then treated with colloidal Ag solution to explore its potential use in disinfecting water for 10 weeks. The modified foam demonstrated a significant reduction (2.84 log10 units) in E. coli bacteria compared to an unmodified filter (1.57 log10 units). Additionally, the environmental impact of the porous AAM was analyzed through life cycle assessment and found to be lower than that of conventional ceramic filter.
Finally, to develop material capable of separating microplastics, porous AAM surface was modified with triethoxy(octyl)silane to render it superhydrophobic. The modified porous AAM demonstrated over 99% separation efficiency when treating 30 L of model water containing 5 mg/L of polyethylene microspheres (53-63 μm). Its performance was also evaluated in treating laundry effluent, where the modified porous AAM achieved approximately 84% separation compared to around 52% for the unmodified porous AAM. Original papers Bhuyan, M. A. H., Gebre, R. K., Finnilä, M. A. J., Illikainen, M., & Luukkonen, T. (2022). Preparation of filter by alkali activation of blast furnace slag and its application for dye removal. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 10(1), 107051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.107051 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.107051 Self-archived version Bhuyan, M. A. H., & Luukkonen, T. (2024). Adsorption of methylene blue by composite foams containing alkali-activated blast furnace slag and lignin. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(4), 3789–3802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05245-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05245-5 Self-archived version Bhuyan, M. A. H., Kurtulus, C., Heponiemi, A., & Luukkonen, T. (2023). Peracetic acid as a novel blowing agent in the direct foaming of alkali-activated materials. Applied Clay Science, 231, 106727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2022.106727 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2022.106727 Self-archived version Bhuyan, M. A. H., Karkman, A., Prokkola, H., Chen, B., Perumal, P., & Luukkonen, T. (2024). Alkali-activated foams coated with colloidal Ag for point-of-use water disinfection. ACS ES&T Water, 4(2), 687–697. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.3c00711 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.3c00711 Self-archived version Bhuyan, M. A. H., Busquets, R., Campos, L. C., & Luukkonen, T. (2024). Separation of microplastics from water using superhydrophobic silane-coupling-agent-modified geopolymer foam. Separation and Purification Technology, 339, 126709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.126709 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.126709 Self-archived version Abstrakti
Alkaliaktivoiduilla materiaaleilla on runsaasti erilaisia sovelluksia veden ja jäteveden käsittelyssä. Tässä väitöskirjassa valmistettiin huokoisia alkaliaktivoituja vaahtoja tavoitteena selvittää niiden uusia hyödyntämismahdollisuuksia adsorboivina suodatinmateriaaleina, veden desinfioinnissa ja mikromuovin erottamisessa.
Masuunikuonasta valmistettujen adsorboivien suodattimien koostumus optimoitiin muuttamalla valmistuksessa käytetyn pinta-aktiivisen aineen tyyppiä sekä vaahdotinaineena toimivan vetyperoksidin lisäysmäärää. Optimoidulla materiaalilla tutkittiin metyleenisinisen adsorptiota vedestä. Adsorptiokyvyn lisäämiseksi valmistettiin ligniiniä sisältävää komposiittimateriaalia. Dynaamisessa metyleenisinisen adsorptiokokeessa suurin adsorptiomäärä ligniinikomposiitille oli ~40 mg/g. Lisäksi peretikkahappoa tutkittiin vaihtoehtoisena vaahdotusaineena. Peretikkahappoa käytettäessä havaittiin pienempi turpoaminen valmistuksen aikana ja lyhyempi kovettumisaika verrattuna vetyperoksidilla valmistettuihin vaahtoihin.
Tutkimuksen seuraavassa osassa tutkittiin veden desinfiointia. Alkaliaktivoituja vaahtoja valmistettiin metakaoliinista, masuunikuonasta ja niiden seoksista tavoitteena saavuttaa samanlainen veden läpäisevyys kuin keraamisilla suodattimilla. Tämän jälkeen optimoitua vaahtoa käsiteltiin kolloidisella hopealiuoksella ja sen käyttömahdollisuuksia veden desinfioinnissa tutkittiin 10 viikon ajan. Hopeaa sisältävä vaahto osoitti merkittävää E. coli -bakteerien vähenemistä (2,84 log10) verrattuna hopeaa sisältämättömään suodattimeen (1,57 log10). Lisäksi alkaliaktivoidun vaahdon ympäristövaikutuksia analysoitiin elinkaariarvioinnin avulla ja niiden todettiin olevan pienempiä kuin perinteisen keraamin.
Mikromuovien erottamiseksi alkaliaktivoituja vaahtoja käsiteltiin trietoksi(oktyyli)silaanilla superhydrofobisen pinnan luomiseksi. Käsitelty vaahto poisti yli 99 % mikromuovista kokeessa, jossa käsiteltiin 30 litraa vettä, joka sisälsi 5 mg/l polyetyleenipartikkeleita (koko 53–63 μm). Käsitellyn vaahdon suorituskykyä arvioitiin myös pyykinpesuveden käsittelyssä, jossa sen muovin poistokyky oli noin 84 % kun taas ei-käsitelty vaahto poisti vain 52 %. Osajulkaisut Bhuyan, M. A. H., Gebre, R. K., Finnilä, M. A. J., Illikainen, M., & Luukkonen, T. (2022). Preparation of filter by alkali activation of blast furnace slag and its application for dye removal. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 10(1), 107051. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.107051 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.107051 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Bhuyan, M. A. H., & Luukkonen, T. (2024). Adsorption of methylene blue by composite foams containing alkali-activated blast furnace slag and lignin. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 21(4), 3789–3802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05245-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05245-5 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Bhuyan, M. A. H., Kurtulus, C., Heponiemi, A., & Luukkonen, T. (2023). Peracetic acid as a novel blowing agent in the direct foaming of alkali-activated materials. Applied Clay Science, 231, 106727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2022.106727 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2022.106727 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Bhuyan, M. A. H., Karkman, A., Prokkola, H., Chen, B., Perumal, P., & Luukkonen, T. (2024). Alkali-activated foams coated with colloidal Ag for point-of-use water disinfection. ACS ES&T Water, 4(2), 687–697. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.3c00711 https://doi.org/10.1021/acsestwater.3c00711 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Bhuyan, M. A. H., Busquets, R., Campos, L. C., & Luukkonen, T. (2024). Separation of microplastics from water using superhydrophobic silane-coupling-agent-modified geopolymer foam. Separation and Purification Technology, 339, 126709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.126709 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2024.126709 Rinnakkaistallennettu versio Academic dissertation to be presented with the assent of the Doctoral Programme Committee of Technology and Natural Sciences of the University of Oulu for public defence in the Arina auditorium (TA105), Linnanmaa, on 3 May 2024, at 12 noonAbstract
Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) have diverse applications in water and wastewater treatment. In this thesis, porous AAM foams were prepared with the goal to explore their potential use in new applications for water and wastewater treatment, namely adsorptive filters, point-of-use water disinfection, and separation of microplastics.
The adsorptive filters were prepared from blast furnace slag and optimized by comparing five different surfactants and doses of H2O2. Porous AAM exhibiting the highest mechanical strength was investigated for methylene blue adsorption. To further enhance the adsorption performance, a lignin-containing composite foam was prepared. In the dynamic adsorption experiments, the highest adsorption amount obtained with the lignin-composite foam was ~40 mg/g. Moreover, peracetic acid was investigated as an alternative foaming agent in the preparation of porous AAMs. During the investigation, lower volume expansion and faster reaction kinetics with reduced setting time were observed for peracetic acid-based porous AAM compared to H2O2-based porous AAM.
To develop material for point-of-use water disinfection, the first goal was to achieve comparable water permeability to traditional ceramic filters by varying the amount of hydrogen peroxide. An optimized foam was then treated with colloidal Ag solution to explore its potential use in disinfecting water for 10 weeks. The modified foam demonstrated a significant reduction (2.84 log10 units) in E. coli bacteria compared to an unmodified filter (1.57 log10 units). Additionally, the environmental impact of the porous AAM was analyzed through life cycle assessment and found to be lower than that of conventional ceramic filter.
Finally, to develop material capable of separating microplastics, porous AAM surface was modified with triethoxy(octyl)silane to render it superhydrophobic. The modified porous AAM demonstrated over 99% separation efficiency when treating 30 L of model water containing 5 mg/L of polyethylene microspheres (53-63 μm). Its performance was also evaluated in treating laundry effluent, where the modified porous AAM achieved approximately 84% separation compared to around 52% for the unmodified porous AAM.Abstrakti
Alkaliaktivoiduilla materiaaleilla on runsaasti erilaisia sovelluksia veden ja jäteveden käsittelyssä. Tässä väitöskirjassa valmistettiin huokoisia alkaliaktivoituja vaahtoja tavoitteena selvittää niiden uusia hyödyntämismahdollisuuksia adsorboivina suodatinmateriaaleina, veden desinfioinnissa ja mikromuovin erottamisessa.
Masuunikuonasta valmistettujen adsorboivien suodattimien koostumus optimoitiin muuttamalla valmistuksessa käytetyn pinta-aktiivisen aineen tyyppiä sekä vaahdotinaineena toimivan vetyperoksidin lisäysmäärää. Optimoidulla materiaalilla tutkittiin metyleenisinisen adsorptiota vedestä. Adsorptiokyvyn lisäämiseksi valmistettiin ligniiniä sisältävää komposiittimateriaalia. Dynaamisessa metyleenisinisen adsorptiokokeessa suurin adsorptiomäärä ligniinikomposiitille oli ~40 mg/g. Lisäksi peretikkahappoa tutkittiin vaihtoehtoisena vaahdotusaineena. Peretikkahappoa käytettäessä havaittiin pienempi turpoaminen valmistuksen aikana ja lyhyempi kovettumisaika verrattuna vetyperoksidilla valmistettuihin vaahtoihin.
Tutkimuksen seuraavassa osassa tutkittiin veden desinfiointia. Alkaliaktivoituja vaahtoja valmistettiin metakaoliinista, masuunikuonasta ja niiden seoksista tavoitteena saavuttaa samanlainen veden läpäisevyys kuin keraamisilla suodattimilla. Tämän jälkeen optimoitua vaahtoa käsiteltiin kolloidisella hopealiuoksella ja sen käyttömahdollisuuksia veden desinfioinnissa tutkittiin 10 viikon ajan. Hopeaa sisältävä vaahto osoitti merkittävää E. coli -bakteerien vähenemistä (2,84 log10) verrattuna hopeaa sisältämättömään suodattimeen (1,57 log10). Lisäksi alkaliaktivoidun vaahdon ympäristövaikutuksia analysoitiin elinkaariarvioinnin avulla ja niiden todettiin olevan pienempiä kuin perinteisen keraamin.
Mikromuovien erottamiseksi alkaliaktivoituja vaahtoja käsiteltiin trietoksi(oktyyli)silaanilla superhydrofobisen pinnan luomiseksi. Käsitelty vaahto poisti yli 99 % mikromuovista kokeessa, jossa käsiteltiin 30 litraa vettä, joka sisälsi 5 mg/l polyetyleenipartikkeleita (koko 53–63 μm). Käsitellyn vaahdon suorituskykyä arvioitiin myös pyykinpesuveden käsittelyssä, jossa sen muovin poistokyky oli noin 84 % kun taas ei-käsitelty vaahto poisti vain 52 %
Composition of pteroylpolyglutamates (conjugated folates) into guinea pig liver and their formation from folic acid
No full text
Pragmatic Case Studies as a Source of Unity in Applied Psychology
No full textTo unify or not to unify applied psychology: that is the question. In this article we review pendulum swings in the historical efforts to answer this question—from a comprehensive, positivist, “top-down,” deductive yes between the 1930s and the early 60s, to a postmodern no since then. A rationale and proposal for a limited, “bottom-up,” inductive yes in applied psychology is then presented, employing a case-based paradigm that integrates both positivist and postmodern themes and components. This paradigm is labeled “pragmatic psychology” and, its specific use of case studies, the “Pragmatic Case Study Method” (“PCS Method”). We call for the creation of peer-reviewed journal-databases of pragmatic case studies as a foundational source of unifying applied knowledge in our discipline. As one example, the potential of the PCS Method for unifying different angles of theoretical regard is illustrated in an area of applied psychology, psychotherapy, via the case of Mrs. B. The article then turns to the broader historical and epistemological arguments for the unifying nature of the PCS Method in both applied and basic psychology.Peer reviewe
Dr. Edwin Wright Collection: Author Unknown
No full textNotes - The author relates several short stories about his neighbours including Alex McDonell, homesteading and life around Meanook and Athabasca (1 page
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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