1,720,958 research outputs found
The Effect of Surface Plasmon Resonance on Bacteria Morphology
No full textCells are known to be affected significantly due to persistent exposure to electro- magnetic radiation. DNA can be damaged by electromagnetic waves in several ways that may lead to genetic changes. Cellular multiplication plays an important role in the survival of life. This multiplication involves a strand of DNA going through several steps which include proofreading mechanisms to protect DNA from damages. These repair mechanisms range from specific ”locate and repair” systems to ”damage tolerance” repairs. With many damage events per cell per day the errors that do make it through the repair process are seen as mutations to the genetic code and may be expressed as changes in morphology. Application of the Jaynes-Cummings model may help to understand these processes in more detail. The interaction of DNA with radiation is studied as an interaction of matter with electromagnetic waves. Through this investigation, the physically expressed response of bacteria exposed to surface plasmons is explored. This approach is used to measure the changes in morphology which may be associated with the interaction of DNA with surface plasmons. Af- ter exposure to weak magnetic fields, both the exposed group and the control group expressed similar changes in bacteria size. These results suggest surface plasmons produced in gold may have a larger effect on living organisms than those generated in steel
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Anterior cruciate ligament response due to forces resulting from quadriceps muscle and ground reaction
No full textInstrumented cadaveric knees were used to quantify the association between quadriceps muscle force, ground reaction force, and strain in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) through in vitro simulation of a vertical jump-landing process in a dynamic loading simulator. The research question for this project was set: “Can the ACL strain be influenced by the unopposed quadriceps force (QMF), low knee flexion angle, and constant ground reaction force (GRF)?” Fourteen cadaveric knees were mounted in the custom made dynamic loading simulator to measure strain on the anteromedial bundle of the ACL using a differential variable reluctance transducer (DVRT). An I-Scan pressure transducer (Model 4000) was used to measure contact pressure and area in the tibiofemoral joint. A 3D nonlinear dynamic finite element knee model was developed, and the results from this model were validated with the experimental results. The influence of the intrinsic risk factors, like the lateral tibial slope, medial tibial slop, and the curvature of the medial compartment do exist on the loading in ACL at the time of applying quadriceps muscle force. It was also observed that the tibia rotates internally prior to landing and during landing. During the landing phase, the peak pressure on the lateral compartment is very high, compared with the medial compartment. During the landing phase, both the contact area and pressure increases in the tibiofemoral joint. The influence of pressure induced joint conformity is also justified. It can be concluded from the obtained results from the experimental and numerical works that the unopposed quadriceps muscle forces coupled with ground reaction force at low knee flexion angle cannot cause ACL injury. Joint compressive loads induced by large muscle forces and GRF introduces the joint conformity, and this joint conformity produces the primary restraint against anterior tibial translation at low flexion angles along with menisci
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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