1,720,991 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Between Attrition and Acquisition: the Dynamics between Two Languages in Adult Migrants
Get PDFIn the context of language use of Romanian migrants living in Canada, this thesis examines the linguistic changes and the contributing social, personal, and affective factors involved in the maintenance of a migrant’s first language (L1) as she or he simultaneously acquires a second language (L2) in an L2-dominant environment. Specifically, it investigates the incidence of L1 attrition in the bilingual group, the existence of a possible systematic relationship between the levels of L1 and L2 proficiency, and the influence of sociolinguistic and cognitive factors on L1 attrition and L2 acquisition in bilingual contexts. L1 attrition is defined here as both the reduction of L1 language skills and the restructuring of the L1 according to L2 patterns to the point where communication in the L1 is impaired. The present study involves extensive elicitation of written and oral data in both Romanian and English. First, an assessment of the participants’ history of language acquisition, their attitudes, their patterns of language use, and the nature of their social networks was conducted via sociolinguistic questionnaires and individual interviews. The language aptitude tests used in this project examined phonetic memory, vocabulary learning, and grammatical inferencing abilities. As an indicator of overall language proficiency, formal tests (a C-test and a verbal fluency task) and samples of spontaneous speech in the form of film commenting tasks were analyzed for fluency and grammatical complexity. The results showed that L1 attrition is a possible, but not obligatory, outcome in the first generation of migrants. With the exception of two participants, the majority of the bilinguals in this study, while not perfect matches for the L1 monolinguals, remained within the L1 native range even after a long residence in the L2 country. While proficiency trade-off patterns are not observable at the group level, they were evidenced in the cases of the two attriters identified in this study. With respect to cognitive predictor variables, L1 maintenance does not appear to be a direct function of linguistic aptitude. At the same time, levels of L1 attrition and L2 achievement are dependent on a combination of attitudinal and personal background variables.Ph
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
L'impact du bilinguisme sur la compréhension conversationnelle des adolescents atteints des troubles du spectre autistique
Get PDFDans la présente thèse, nous examinons la compréhension conversationnelle chez trois adolescents autistes monolingues anglophones et trois adolescents autistes bilingues anglais-français. D'une part, nous cherchons à savoir si les difficultés au niveau de la compréhension conversationnelle observées chez les individus autistes examinés dans les études antérieures se retrouvent chez nos participants. D'autre part, nous tentons de déterminer si le bilinguisme a un impact sur la compréhension conversationnelle de nos participants bilingues. Nous avons ainsi entrepris deux tâches pragmatiques qui examinent la capacité de nos participants de reconnaître les violations des maximes conversationnelles de Grice (Tâche Pragmatique I) et la capacité de ces derniers de choisir parmi plusieurs réactions sociales celle qui correspond le mieux à une déclaration sociale donnée (Tâche Pragmatique II). Nous avons également demandé à nos participants d'expliquer leurs réponses. Les résultats quantitatifs de notre étude montrent que les difficultés au niveau de la compréhension conversationnelle observées chez les individus autistes ne se retrouvent pas chez nos participants autistes. Nous attribuons la réussite de nos participants à plusieurs iii facteurs : l'ordre de présentation des violations conversationnelles dans la Tâche Pragmatique I, le niveau de socialisation et le niveau de scolarisation de ces derniers. En outre, nous avons trouvé que le bilinguisme n’a pas d’impact négatif et qu'il pourrait même avoir un impact positif sur la compréhension conversationnelle de nos adolescents bilingues. Nous expliquons la réussite de nos bilingues par l'environnement linguistique enrichi de ces derniers ainsi que par leurs compétences cognitives plus avancées. Enfin, au niveau qualitatif, d'après les évaluations fournies par les trois juges indépendants, nos adolescents autistes manifestent plus de difficultés à expliquer leur raisonnement qu'à identifier la bonne réponse. Nous proposons donc qu'afin de mieux discerner les difficultés pragmatiques chez les autistes, il serait plus révélateur d'administrer des tâches qui examineraient la capacité de ces derniers à exprimer leur raisonnement social.Ph.D.2018-02-12 00:00:0
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
L'impact du bilinguisme sur la compréhension conversationnelle des adolescents atteints des troubles du spectre autistique
No full textDans la présente thèse, nous examinons la compréhension conversationnelle chez trois adolescents autistes monolingues anglophones et trois adolescents autistes bilingues anglais-français. D'une part, nous cherchons à savoir si les difficultés au niveau de la compréhension conversationnelle observées chez les individus autistes examinés dans les études antérieures se retrouvent chez nos participants. D'autre part, nous tentons de déterminer si le bilinguisme a un impact sur la compréhension conversationnelle de nos participants bilingues. Nous avons ainsi entrepris deux tâches pragmatiques qui examinent la capacité de nos participants de reconnaître les violations des maximes conversationnelles de Grice (Tâche Pragmatique I) et la capacité de ces derniers de choisir parmi plusieurs réactions sociales celle qui correspond le mieux à une déclaration sociale donnée (Tâche Pragmatique II). Nous avons également demandé à nos participants d'expliquer leurs réponses. Les résultats quantitatifs de notre étude montrent que les difficultés au niveau de la compréhension conversationnelle observées chez les individus autistes ne se retrouvent pas chez nos participants autistes. Nous attribuons la réussite de nos participants à plusieurs iii facteurs : l'ordre de présentation des violations conversationnelles dans la Tâche Pragmatique I, le niveau de socialisation et le niveau de scolarisation de ces derniers. En outre, nous avons trouvé que le bilinguisme n’a pas d’impact négatif et qu'il pourrait même avoir un impact positif sur la compréhension conversationnelle de nos adolescents bilingues. Nous expliquons la réussite de nos bilingues par l'environnement linguistique enrichi de ces derniers ainsi que par leurs compétences cognitives plus avancées. Enfin, au niveau qualitatif, d'après les évaluations fournies par les trois juges indépendants, nos adolescents autistes manifestent plus de difficultés à expliquer leur raisonnement qu'à identifier la bonne réponse. Nous proposons donc qu'afin de mieux discerner les difficultés pragmatiques chez les autistes, il serait plus révélateur d'administrer des tâches qui examineraient la capacité de ces derniers à exprimer leur raisonnement social.Ph.D.2018-02-12 00:00:0
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