1,720,965 research outputs found
Technology and Investment Options for Total Final Energy Reduction and CO<sub>2</sub> Abatement in the Swiss Industry
No full textThis thesis examines the contribution of energy efficiency improvement in the Swiss industry sector in attaining Switzerland's net-zero emission target. By analyzing energy consumption trends and drivers, with a specific focus on the metals and food and beverage manufacturing sub-sectors, the thesis identifies significant opportunities for short and medium-term energy efficiency improvements and decarbonization within the Swiss industry. It presents a comprehensive analysis of cost-effective measures, ranked through energy efficiency cost curves, which can lead to substantial CO2 abatement. The profitability analysis demonstrates the economic viability of energy efficiency investments for different types of industrial establishments. A case study on the chocolate industry showcases the potential of process heat electrification using heat pumps. The findings emphasize the urgency of implementing these identified energy efficiency measures to achieve short and medium-term decarbonization goals in the Swiss industry sector, contributing to a sustainable and low-carbon future
Model Based Process Analysis And Tool Development For Sustainable Electroplating Operations
Get PDFThe electroplating industry has faced tremendous challenges in maintaining its economic competitiveness as well as improving its environmental performance in the global economy. In electroplating systems, waste generation from manufacturing lines has been always a serious concern, as waste emitted in different forms contains various hazardous and toxic chemicals. It is recognized that much of the generated waste is avoidable, and reduction of such avoidable waste could significantly reduce the consumption of chemicals, energy, and water. Proactive source reduction can improve not only environmental quality, but also economic performance. This type of source reduction, which could be called Proactive Pollution Prevention, can be achieved through applying advanced sustainability-bearing process systems engineering techniques, i.e., the fundamental system modeling and simulation techniques.
In this thesis, the process models developed for electroplating systems are reviewed and selectively adopted. These models are embedded in a computer aided simulation tool, which is MATLAB based platform. The tool has been used to conduct comprehensive simulation of electroplating systems. It can characterize the dynamic operations of cleaning and rinsing operations, where chemicals, energy and water are consumed. This software tool helps users to analyze the process under given conditions and predict the consumption of chemicals in cleaning tanks, and rinse water consumption in rinsing tanks. The simulation facilitates identification of superior operating conditions in the electroplating systems, and it provides comparison between conventional and suggested operational strategies. This model-based simulation methodology as well as the tool should be valuable for the electroplating industry to improve their system’s sustainability performance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Analysis of energy efficiency improvement and carbon dioxide abatement potentials for Swiss Food and Beverage sector
No full textThe food and beverage (F&B) production is the second most energy consuming industry sector, consuming up to 14% (22 PJ) of the Swiss industry's total final energy (TFE) and emitting 14% (0.6 million tonnes) of the industry's total CO2. In the period from 2004 to 2017, the sector's energy consumption has been increasing at a faster rate than production, which implies deterioration of energy efficiency (EE). Against the background of implicit EE improvement target of 26% between 2017 and 2050 under the assumption of constant future production, this study investigates the options of realizing the target. The process-related (e.g. excluding building envelope) technical EE improvement potential of the Swiss F&B sector is estimated at 25% whereas the currently commercially available energy-efficient technologies can potentially reduce 18% of the sector's current TFE. The cost-effective potential estimated by means of a bottom-up approach (cost curves) ranges from 14% to 16% for energy efficiency and 18% to 21% for CO2. Results of sensitivity analysis indicate that low energy prices may act as a barrier for the adoption of cross-cutting technologies. A qualitative analysis of emerging technologies presented along with the detailed cost-effectiveness analysis of commercially available energy-efficient technologies can help to overcome the techno-economic barriers and achieve the implicit EE improvement target of the Swiss F&B sector
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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