47,574 research outputs found
Are benzodiazepines and opioids really safe in patients with severe COPD?
No full textBreathlessness is a key symptom in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with prognostic implications on health status and survival. Since most conditions underlying chronic refractory breathlessness in COPD are not modifiable, the use of opioids and benzodiazepines has been proposed to relieve it. However, respiratory depression is a known adverse event of these drugs, and concerns have been raised on their use in patients with chronic respiratory failure. Despite safety-related concerns, benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed for a variety of reasons, including treatment of insomnia, depression and anxiety, as well as to relieve refractory dyspnea in patients with COPD. The key role of opioids in the end-of-life and in the management of dyspnea that is unresponsive to best-possible disease management is recognized. Moreover, the use of low dose opioids to treat dyspnea, discomfort or refusal for patient undergoing non-invasive ventilation is still debated. In the current review, we aim at discussing and analyzing recently published findings on the use of benzodiazepines and opioids in patients with COPD and at reviewing the literature on this topic. Recent observations favor the use of lower doses of opioids (≤30 mg oral morphine equivalents/day) for reduction of symptoms in those patients with severe COPD receiving long-term oxygen therapy. Low dose opioids are not associated with an increased risk of hospital admission or death in cohorts of COPD patients on long term oxygen therapy. On the contrary, benzodiazepines and opioids at higher doses might increase mortality
Geron albifacies Bezzi 1924
No full textGeron albifacies Bezzi, 1924 33. Geron albifacies 1 ɗ Eritrea: Assab, vii. 1907 (Katona). MS page 33. Bezzi, 1924: 113 – key only. Zaitzev, 1972: 863 – described from Mongolia as G. michaili SYN. NOV. with male and female genitalia illustrated. Greathead, 2001 b: 165 – key and diagnosis as G. m i c h a i l i Zaitzev. Evenhuis & Greathead, 1999: 37 – listed one syntype in MSNM. Types: A single specimen in MSNM: 1 ɗ, Eritrea: Assab, vvi. 1907 (Katona) lacking both the antennal flagella, both fore legs and both middle legs. Bezzi based the species on only one specimen. Thus, the specimen in MSNM, which matches the locality data given in Bezzi’s manuscript, is considered the holotype. Remarks: Species of Geron can only reliably be identified from the male and, frequently also, the female genitalia. Examination of the genitalia of the unique specimen of G. albifacies showed that G. michaili is a synonym. After examination of genitalia of specimens from intermediate localities, Greathead (2001 b) showed that Zaitzev’s species from Mongolia is present in Algeria, Egypt and Tunisia as well as Turkmenia and Ukraine. Eritrea can now be added to the list. It is a small species (ca. 4 mm) of the G. gibbosus group but with a pale clypeus and is similar in appearance to the even smaller (ca. 2.5– 3 mm) G. efflatouni Greathead known from Saudi Arabia and Tunisia.Published as part of Greathead, David J. & Evenhuis, Neal L., 2004, New species of Bombylioidea in Mario Bezzi's Unpublished Hungarian Museum Manuscript, pp. 1-56 in Zootaxa 773 on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15846
Dacus blepharogaster Bezzi 1917
No full textDacus blepharogaster Bezzi, 1917 A male specimen from Sérou, Benin (Dec. 2005, leg. G. Goergen) differs from D. blepharogaster, as described by White (2006) in having some red pattern on the third abdominal tergite. However, since this species belongs to a group that needs proper revision (Dacus (Lophodacus) brevis group as defined by White 2006) and since only one specimen was found in the collections studied, it is not described as a separate species. As the previous species, this is also predominantly an East African species (Kenya, Eritrea and Ethiopia) but was not included in the richness analysis.Published as part of Meyer, Marc De, White, Ian M. & F. M. Goodger, Kim, 2013, Notes on the frugivorous fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) fauna of western Africa, with description of a new Dacus species, pp. 1-17 in European Journal of Taxonomy 50 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2013.50, http://zenodo.org/record/381441
Ethnoarchaeology of Pastoralism in Valcamonica high pastures
No full textThe high pastures of Vione, in the northern Valcamonica, have been exploited since many centuries by shepherds and people carring out many other activities. A systematic field survey, made by one of the authors in the summer 2017, has found out many structures, most of them probably linked to the pastoral activities. Fourty-seven buildings have been documented, put on a map thanks to the GIS technology and classified in different categories according to their dimensions, shapes and constructive techniques. Thanks to a multidisciplinary approach, data coming from different fields and sources (such as remote sensing, historical cartography, written sources, historical cadastres and place-names) has been combined - and processed with GIS spatial analysis - in order to understand the interaction between structures and territory; understand pastoral strategy and their changes through time; reconstruct the absolute or relative chronology of the structures; understand the relationship between pastoral structures and rock art. The paper will compare the northern Valcamonica situation emerging from this study with those of the two areas used as model for this research: Val di Sole (Trento) and Lessinia (Verona). Some remarks will be made also about the possible relationship between the analysed structures and Valcamonica graffiti
The ultrasonic detection of insulinomas during surgical exploration of the pancreas
No full textIntraoperative pancraticosonography was employed in six patients to localize suspected endocrine tumours and to study the specific ultrasonic features. The cases included four insulinomas, one case of occult G-cell apudoma and one case of beta-cell microadenomatosis. Endocrine tumours are generally hypoechoeic and well defined with smooth borders. The study confirms that real-time operative high resolution sonography is a reliable technique to assist in the diagnosis of occult endocrine tumours and to guide the surgical approach
Pancreas esocrino
No full textLa fisiopatologia dei quadri patologici delle malattie del pancreas esocrino di interesse chirurgic
Intraoperative high-resolution hepatosonography in the detection of occult metastases in colorectal carcinoma
No full text[No abstract available
- …
