171,494 research outputs found
Construals as a complement to intelligent tutoring systems in medical education
No full textThis is a preliminary version of a report prepared by Meurig and Will Beynon in conjunction with a poster paper "Mediating Intelligence through Observation, Dependency and Agency in Making Construals of Malaria" at the 11th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS 2012) and a paper "Construals to Support Exploratory and Collaborative Learning in Medicine" at the associated workshop on Intelligent Support for Exploratory Environments (ISEE 2012). A final version of the report will be published at a later stage after feedback from presentations at these events has been taken into account, and the experimental versions of the JS-EDEN interpreter used in making construals have been developed to a more mature and stable form
Evaluating definitive principles for interaction in graphics
No full textThis paper is an appraisal of current progress towards supporting interactive graphics within the framework of a general-purpose programming paradigm based upon definitions. It considers how the use of definitive principles relates to other work, why it appears promising, and what progress has been made towards the resolution of technical difficulties. It re-examines potential for applications of definitive principles in interactive graphics in the light of more recently developed ideas about dealing with control issues and dynamically changing relationships in a definitive programming framework. It also takes account of new research into notations for graphics that makes use of geometrical constructions. As a subsidiary theme, the paper contrasts the support for reference and representation of geometric relationships in various kinds of interactive graphics systems
Computing for construals in distributed participatory design : principles and tools
No full textDistributed participatory design aspires to standards of inclusivity and humanity in introducing technology to the workplace that are hard to attain. The demands it makes upon the development and use of computing technology are particularly topical, as the potential for automation and distribution through embedded and mobile devices continues to develop. Standard views of computation propose ways in which to interpret all products of computing as programs, but give limited conceptual support for understanding computer-based design artifacts whose role in communication and elaboration eludes capture in a functional specification. Empirical Modelling is a body of principles and tools that can be applied to the development of a variety of computer-based artifacts relating to analysis, design and use that are most appropriately interpreted as construals rather than programs. This paper, a revised and extended version of Beynon and Chan (2006), illustrates some of the ways in which Empirical Modelling principles can be used in developing construals that can assist distributed participatory design. The theme adopted for illustrative purposes is that of understanding the quintessentially British game of cricket, renowned for the complexity and subtlety of its rules and its rich concepts and vocabulary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Computational support for realism in virtual environments
No full textThe notion of realism in virtual environments is explored with reference to different perspectives on computation and their practical and philosophical implications
The computation of green functions of finite chevalley groups of type En (n=6,7,8)
No full textThe main purpose of this report is to present tables of Green functions for the finite groups (n=6,7,8). It is intended to complement our paper (Beynon and Spaltenstein, 1982) in which the mathematical significance and interpretation of these results is discussed in detail. A brief account of the computation is also included; some of the technical details may be of interest to others wishing to develop similar programs
Radical empiricism, empirical modelling and the nature of knowing
No full textThis paper explores connections between Radical Empiricism (RE), a philosophic attitude developed by William James at the beginning of the 20th century, and Empirical Modelling (EM), an approach to computer- based modelling that has been developed by the author and his collaborators over a number of years. It focuses in particular on how both RE and EM promote a perspective on the nature of knowing that is radically different from that typically invoked in contemporary approaches to knowledge representation in computing. This is illustrated in detail with reference to the modelling of several scenarios of lift use. Some potential implications for knowledge management are briefly reviewed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Formation and structure of a subsurface layer in hot rolled aluminium alloy AA3104 transfer bar
No full textAs a basis for extended studies into the evolution, structure and corrosion properties of the subsurface layers in hot rolled aluminium alloys, the evolution of the subsurface layers in industrially rolled AA3104 transfer bar has been simulated in a laboratory mill. Test samples taken from the centre of industrially rolled AA3104 transfer bar were highly polished, reheated and homogenised under carefully determined conditions and rolled in the two-high Robertson mill at the University of Sheffield. The stock surfaces and subsurface layers in industrially rolled and laboratory rolled material were then characterised using a combination of optical microscopy, quantification of stock surface morphology, glow discharge optical emission spectrometry (GDOES), focussed ion beam (FIB) microscopy and filiform corrosion testing. The results from the experimental programme have demonstrated that the near-surface metallic element distributions, the microstructures and depths of the subsurface layers and the filiform corrosion susceptibility of the rolled surfaces in the industrially rolled and laboratory rolled materials were all very similar.<br/
Oxide scale behavior in high temperature metal processing
No full textThe result of a fruitful, on-going collaboration between academia and industry, this book reviews recent advances in research on oxide scale behavior in high-temperature forming processes. Presenting novel, previously neglected approaches, the authors emphasize the pivotal role of reproducible experiments to elucidate the oxide scale properties and develop quantitative models with predictive accuracy. Each chapter consists of a detailed, systematic examination of different aspects of oxide scale formation with immediate impact for researchers and developers in industry. The clear and stringent style of presentation makes this monograph both coherent and easily readable. © 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. All rights reserved.Michal Krzyzanowski, John H. Beynon, and Didier C. J. Farrugi
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