1,720,961 research outputs found
Hybrid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries
No full textLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are playing a central role in the transition to a postoil society. Solid-state electrolytes are considered a promising technology to achieve high energy density (500Wh/kg) by implementing Li metal as anode material, as well as to overcome the safety concerns related to the liquid electrolytes used in LIBs. In this chapter, the limitations of traditional polymer solid electrolytes and the recent advances in hybrid solid electrolytes (e.g., composite solid electrolytes) will be reported. Furthermore, the effects of the inorganic filler (e.g., concentration, particle size, morphology, etc.) on Li+ ions’ conduction mechanism will be elucidated. Finally, the advantages of the use of ionic liquids will also be introduced
Cost-Effective Solutions for Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing: Comparative Analysis of Olefine and Rubber-Based Alternative Binders for High-Energy Ni-Rich NCM Cathodes
Full text linkPromoting safer and more cost-effective lithium-ion battery manufacturing practices, while also advancing recycling initiatives, is intrinsically tied to reducing reliance on fluorinated polymers like polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) as binders and minimizing the use of hazardous and expensive solvents such as N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP). In pursuit of this objective, olefin- and rubber-based polymers have been investigated as promising alternatives for binder materials in high-energy Ni-rich LiNixCoyMnzO2 (NCM, x≥0.8) cathodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Alternative binders such as polyisobutylene (PIB), poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (SBS), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and its hydrogenated version (HNBR) offer versatile solutions. These polymers can be dissolved in industrial solvents, such as toluene, and have been further processed into homogeneous cathode slurries, thus facilitating the manufacturing of high-energy Ni-rich NCM cathodes for lithium-ion batteries. The evaluation of NCM811 cathodes obtained from PIB, SBS, NBR, and HNBR has involved a thorough assessment of their physical and chemical properties, electrochemical performance, and production expenses, compared with NCM811 cathodes based on PVDF. Notably, cathodes employing PIB and HNBR have exhibited outstanding qualities, showcasing high specific capacity and remarkable electrochemical stability akin to PVDF-based counterparts. Furthermore, the alternative binders′ superior adhesion, elasticity, and thermal stability have facilitated obtaining uniform and mechanically stable cathode films. Furthermore, using toluene, with its low vapor pressure, has significantly reduced energy costs associated with drying processes, thereby enhancing the overall cost-effectiveness of the NCM811 cathodes
New Insights of Infiltration Process of Argyrodite Li6PS5Cl Solid Electrolyte into Conventional Lithium-Ion Electrodes for Solid-State Batteries
Full text linkAll-solid-state lithium-ion batteries based on solid electrolytes are attractive for electric applications due to their potential high energy density and safety. The sulfide solid electrolyte (e.g., argyrodite) shows a high ionic conductivity (10−3 S cm−1). There is an open question related to the sulfide electrode’s fabrication by simply infiltrating methods applied for conventional lithium-ion battery electrodes via homogeneous solid electrolyte solutions, the structure of electrolytes after drying, chemical stability of binders and electrolyte, the surface morphology of electrolyte, and the deepening of the infiltrated electrolyte into the active materials to provide better contact between the active material and electrolyte and favorable lithium ionic conduction. However, due to the high reactivity of sulfide-based solid electrolytes, unwanted side reactions between sulfide electrolytes and polar solvents may occur. In this work, we explore the chemical and electrochemical properties of the argyrodite-based film produced by infiltration mode by combining electrochemical and structural characterizations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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