1,721,448 research outputs found
Dataset of Yellow-legged Gull attacks on Slender-billed Gull crèche in Tunisia
No full textThis dataset details attacks of Yellow-legged Gulls on chicks of Slender-billed Gull of Sfax Salina (Tunisia). It was collected in 2011. The dataset includes the week of the study (data were collected over 6 successive weeks), the age of the chicks in the crèche (in weeks), the presence of disturbance (0=no disturbance, 1=Dog, 2=Human) and then the number of attacks or predation events
Sur la présence en France d'Apiomyia bergenstammi (Wachtl) [Dipt. Itonididae]
No full textd'Aguilar Jacques, Besnard Aurélien, Coutin Rémi. Sur la présence en France d'Apiomyia bergenstammi (Wachtl) [Dipt. Itonididae]. In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 61 (1-2), Janvier-février 1956. pp. 27-29
Suivi des populations de Carabes, dont Carabus auronitens cupreonitens, dans la Réserve naturelle nationale de la forêt domaniale de Cerisy (Manche-Calvados) (Coleoptera, Carabidae)
No full textSurvey of the populations of Carabus, including Carabus auronitens cupreonitens, in the Cerisy National Natural Reserve (Manche-Calvados) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). A survey is being carried out in the Cerisy National Natural Reserve in order to monitor the populations of Carabus that live there, and to understand their evolution. This knowledge is essential as far as the endemic subspecies, Carabus (Chrysocarabus) auronitens cupreonitens Chevrolat, 1861, justifies the classification of the reserve. Indeed, the manager is accountable for the impact of his management upon the dynamics of this protected insect. The study shows that the standardized protocol allows, by the implementation of analyses using Generalized Linear Models, to characterize a tendency of evolution of the populations. Over the period 2008-2014, the level of population of C. (Chrysocarabus) auronitens cupreonitens increases ; it is not the case for all other species of Carabus.Une étude est menée sur la Réserve naturelle nationale de Cerisy pour suivre les populations de Carabes qui y vivent et appréhender l’évolution de leurs effectifs. Cette connaissance est primordiale pour la sous-espèce endémique, Carabus (Chrysocarabus) auronitens cupreonitens Chevrolat, 1861, celle-ci justifiant le classement de la réserve. Le gestionnaire devant rendre compte de l’effet de sa gestion sur la dynamique de cet insecte protégé, l’étude montre que le protocole standardisé permet, par la mise en oeuvre d’analyses utilisant des Modèles Linéaires Généralisés, de caractériser une tendance d’évolution des populations. Sur la période 2008-2014, les effectifs de C. (Chrysocarabus) auronitens cupreonitens sont à la hausse, ce qui n’est pas le cas pour toutes les espèces.Étienne Sébastien, Besnard Aurélien. Suivi des populations de Carabes, dont Carabus auronitens cupreonitens, dans la Réserve naturelle nationale de la forêt domaniale de Cerisy (Manche-Calvados) (Coleoptera, Carabidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 120 (4),2015. pp. 417-429
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Consequences and predictable impacts of a major habitat loss for an endangered species with complex ecological requirements : effects of the building of the contournement Nîmes-Montpellier high-speed railway on the Little Bustard population dynamic in the Costières de Nîmes
No full textL'urbanisation et la construction d'infrastructures de transports sont aujourd'hui la première cause de baisse de diversité. De par la perte d'habitat et la fragmentation du paysage qu'ils engendrent, ces ouvrages impactent les populations. Notre travail a cherché à évaluer, sur une espèce aux exigences écologiques complexes, les impacts prévisibles de la mise en place d'une Ligne à Grande Vitesse (LGV) et leurs conséquences. Nous avons étudiés la population d'Outarde canepetière Tetrax tetrax des Costières de Nîmes. A l'échelle de son aire de répartition, cette population fait figure d'exception : elle atteint localement des densités-records et développe des patterns de distributions jusqu'alors jamais rencontrés chez l'espèce. Nous avons cherché à identifier les variations locales de distribution et leur corrélation avec les paramètres d'habitat selon une grande gamme d'échelle spatiale, afin de modéliser les patterns de distribution attendus et les impacts prévisibles de la future infrastructure.Urbanization and increasing transport infrastructure construction are known as the main cause of biodiversity loss. By habitat loss and landscape fragmentation they cause, these structures impact populations. Our work sought to assess, on a case of complex ecological requirements, foreseeable impacts of the establishment of a High Speed Line (HSL) and their consequences. We studied the population of Little Bustard Tetrax Tetrax of the Costières nîmoise area. Within its own range scale, this population is an exception: it reaches locally unusually high densities and develops distributions patterns never met previously. We sought to identify local variations in distribution and their correlation with habitat parameters in a wide range of spatial scales, to model the expected distribution patterns and expected impacts of future infrastructure
Habitat selection and spatio-temporal dynamics of colonies of two larid species : the black-headed gull and the slender-billed gull
No full textLa dynamique des populations vise à étudier les processus qui déterminent les fluctuations spatio-temporelles des effectifs d’organismes vivants. Ma thèse vise à caractériser les relations entre trois niveaux d’organisation des populations d’oiseaux coloniaux, l’individu, la colonie et la méta-colonie, et à étudier l’influence de l’environnement physique et social sur cette organisation. A cette fin, je me suis concentrée sur deux espèces de laridés coloniaux aux dynamiques de populations contrastées: la mouette rieuse, Chroicocephalus ridibundus, et le goéland railleur, Chroicocephalus genei. J’ai décrit, dans un premier temps, la dynamique spatio-temporelle des colonies de goélands railleurs en France, dont la répartition tend à s’étendre le long de la côte Méditerranéenne. Malgré cette expansion, les individus nés en France restent fidèles à leur région natale, mais leur âge et leur sexe modulent leur recrutement et leur comportement de dispersion. J’ai affiné ce premier travail en montrant que la condition corporelle des poussins, paramètre majeur du recrutement, est modulée par la taille des colonies, sa date d’installation et la stratégie d’alimentation des parents. Mes travaux ont de plus permis de montrer l’existence de groupes sociaux chez le goéland railleur, dont la stabilité est modulée par le succès de reproduction de la colonie. Ainsi, le degré de relations entre les individus d’une colonie est modulé par les caractéristiques intrinsèques de la colonie et son contexte environnemental. J’ai en particulier montré, chez la mouette rieuse, que la persistance des colonies dépend du succès de reproduction local, mais que la colonisation de nouveaux sites dépend plutôt du succès de reproduction dans les colonies avoisinantes. Mes travaux montrent ainsi que l’ensemble des niveaux d’organisation des populations d’oiseaux coloniaux, de l’individu à la méta-colonie, doivent être étudiés à travers de nouvelles approches intégratives qui représentent des challenges conceptuels, méthodologiques et techniques à l’interface entre dynamique des populations et étude des réseaux sociaux.Population dynamics addresses the processes that underpin the spatio-temporal fluctuations of organism counts. My PhD dissertation aims at characterizing the connections between three organization levels in colonial bird populations, the individual, the colony, and the meta-colony, and at investigating the influence of the physical and social environments on this organization. To this aim, I focused on two colonial larid species that exhibit contrasted population dynamics: the black headed gull, Chroicocephalus ridibundus, and the slender-billed gull, Chroicocephalus genei. I first described the population dynamics of french slender-billed gull colonies, which are currently spreading along the Mediterranean coast. In spite of this expansion, individuals born in France return to their natal area to breed, but their age and sex modulate their recruitment and dispersal behaviours. I added-up to this first results by showing that nestling body condition, a major factor for recruitment, is affected by colony size, arrival date and parental foraging strategy. I further showed that slender-billed gulls gather into social groups whose stability is modulated by colony breeding success. The strength of inter-individual relationships within a colony is thus modulated by its intrinsic properties and its environmental context. Furthermore, I showed that, in black-headed gulls, colony persistance varies with local breeding success while colonization of new sites is mainly related to breeding success in neighbouring colonies. I conclude overall that the multiple organization levels of colonial bird populations, from the individual to the meta-colony, should be studied within integrative frameworks that represent novel conceptual, methodological and technical challenges at the crossroad between population dynamics and the study of social networks
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
