1,720,959 research outputs found
Oral health in children and adolescents with IDDM - A review
No full textChildren with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have a lower salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity, but a higher glucose content and peroxidase, IgA, magnesium and calcium concentration, in comparison with healthy children. Nevertheless the incidence of caries is lower than normal in diabetic children with good metabolic control. Periodontal disease usually starts at puberty as mild gingivitis with bleeding and gingival recession, and it may develop into severe periodontitis, especially in children with poor control of diabetes. Microangiopathy, impaired immune response, different bacterial microflora and collagen metabolism are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic periodontal disease. The gingival flora is mostly composed of Gram-negative, anaerobic bacteria, while collagen has a lower solubility and is atrophic and inadequate to support the occlusion forces. For these reasons, prevention of periodontitis is important in diabetic children; they should receive oral hygiene instruction and visit a dentist at least twice a year
Cricoarytenoid arthritis as an early sign of juvenile chronic arthritis
No full textA 14-month-old girl developed chronic strider and dyspnoea. Four months later she presented arthritis, anterior uveitis and positive ANA. Juvenile chronic arthritis (JCA) was diagnosed. Laryngoscopy demonstrated the presence of cricoarytenoid arthritis (CA). The left vocal cord was adducted and immobile, while the right vocal cord had decreased mobility. Erythema and swelling of the arytenoid cartilage on both sides was seen. Steroid treatment resulted in the resolution of these symptoms and made airway control unnecessary. This case demonstrates that CA may be the first sign of JCA, preceding peripheral arthritis. CA should be considered in, every child with chronic stridor and laryngeal obstruction
A study of childhood febrile convulsions with particular reference to HHV-6 infection: Pathogenic considerations
Full text linkMost febrile convulsions (FC) in infants occur during a viral infection, particularly in children of less than 3 years of age: human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has an Important pathogenic role. To evaluate the link between this and other viruses and FC, a group of 65 children (mean age 18.46 months: SD+/-9.19) with a first episode of simple FC (G1) was compared with 24 children (mean age 19.29 months, SD+/-13.17) with a febrile syndrome but without FC (G2). Virological study showed the following infections: HHV-6 in 23/65 of G1 and in 12/24 of G2, adenoviruses (ADV) in 9/65 of G1 and in 0/24, of G2, syncytial respiratory virus (SRV) in 3/28 of G1 and in 0/2 of G2. HSV-1 in 6/65 of G1 and in 1/24 of G2, cytomegalovirus (CMV in 2/65 of G1 and in 0/24 of G2 and HHV-7 in 1/42 of GI and in 1/13 of G2. Children in G1, statistically compared with G2, were significantly more Likely to have a family history of FC and circulating granulocytes, while IgM and alpha 2-globulin were less probable. Some cytokines (IL 1 beta, TNF beta and GM-CSF) were found in 24 children in G1 and 12 in G2; no differences were found between the two groups. In the light of our data and of the recent literature, the possibility that the cytokines may act on the nervous system cannot be excluded. Among the HHV-6-infected children, those suf fering from convulsions were statistically more likely to have a family history of FC and ISM, while IgA were less likely. In G1, 57 cases were followed up over 2 years: 9 of them had a second episode of FC. Virological diagnosis at the first episode of FC revealed HHV-6 infection in 3 cases, 2 of these being due to viral reactivation. We underline the important role of HHV-6 infection in FC and postulate a relation ship between family history and the immunity of the patient; this is confirmed by the loss of statistical significance in the reduction of IgM in G1 compared with G2 with no family history of FC. The reactivation of FC by HHV-6 is a possibility to be borne in mind, an increased number of cases would be needed to confirm this hypothesis
Extraction of a rubber bullet from a bronchus after 1 year - Complete resolution of chronic pulmonary damage
No full textInhalation of a foreign body (FB) into the bronchial tree rarely occurs asymptomatically and, if leading to recurrent pneumonia, can be very difficult to diagnose, The present report deals with the case of a 10-year-old boy who had three episodes of pneumonia in the left lower lobe caused by the asymptomatic inhalation of a FB 12 months before. Standard thoracic CT, done during the third episode, revealed a slight reduction in the volume of the left lung with air bronchograms, multiple areas of bronchiectasis, and parenchymal consolidation of a segment of the lower lobe, Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a FB at the distal end of the left lower lobar bronchus, surrounded by granulation tissue and fully obstructing the anterior basal segmental bronchus. High-resolution CT (HRCT) images showed an inverted C-shaped image obstructing a bronchus. Removal of the FB was successful only with rigid bronchoscopy under total anesthesia, The FB was an air-pistol rubber bullet that the boy remembered playing with 12 months before. Two months after removal of the FB (ie, 14 months from its asymptomatic inhalation) and treatment with oral steroids, antibiotics, and respiratory physiotherapy, the patient recovered completely, and HRCT showed complete normalization of the lung. We conclude that, when the radiographic density of the FB is greater than the surrounding pulmonary parenchyma, HRCT can reveal the FB, and diagnostic flexible fiberoptic bronchosopy can be avoided
Descrizione di un caso clinico di infezione neonatale da Ureaplasm Urealyticum
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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