1,720,982 research outputs found
Cultural adaptation of the EAT-Lancet diet to the French context, nutritional and environmental assessment
No full textIl est maintenant bien établi que les habitudes alimentaires modernes contribuent largement au développement de maladies non-transmissibles, tout en causant de graves dommages à l'environnement. En effet, la crise climatique, l'épuisement des ressources naturelles et la pollution des eaux et des sols exigent un changement radical et urgent à de multiples niveaux des systèmes alimentaires mondiaux. Ainsi la mise en place et la promotion de recommandations alimentaires intégrant à la fois la santé humaine et la santé planétaire semblent indispensables. Pour cela la Commission internationale EAT-Lancet a élaboré une proposition de régime planétaire sain et durable visant à nourrir sainement l'ensemble de la population mondiale, sans nuire à l'intégrité des écosystèmes. Ces recommandations alimentaires ont été conçues pour s'appliquer globalement à la population mondiale, sans prendre en compte les aspects culturels spécifiques, la disponibilité alimentaire et les coûts économiques engendrés par une telle alimentation. Les spécificités sanitaires et environnementales de chaque pays ne sont pas non plus considérées. Il apparait donc nécessaire d'étudier ces recommandations alimentaires dans divers contextes afin de déterminer si la mise en place de telles recommandations est bénéfique et envisageable à l'échelle planétaire. L'objectif de cette thèse était d'étudier les recommandations alimentaires EAT-Lancet en lien avec la santé humaine et environnementale, dans un contexte français métropolitain. Les travaux conduits au cours de cette thèse ont permis de mettre en évidence, dans un contexte alimentaire français, une amélioration de la qualité nutritionnelle avec l'augmentation de l'adhésion aux recommandations du régime EAT-Lancet, ainsi que des associations protectrices avec le risque de surpoids et d'obésité, le risque de cancer et le risque de diabète de type 2. De plus, l'augmentation de l'adhésion à ces recommandations a également été associée à une diminution des pressions environnementales en lien avec l'alimentation. Ces résultats suggèrent que dans un contexte où des changements de nos modes de vie et de notre alimentation sont nécessaires pour parvenir à des systèmes alimentaires durables, l'adhésion à des recommandations alimentaires planétaires telles que celles proposées par la Commission EAT-Lancet permettrait, dans un contexte français, une diminution du double fardeau santé-environnement des systèmes alimentaires. De plus, les résultats de ces travaux apportent des arguments supplémentaires à la prise en compte des aspects environnementaux dans les recommandations alimentaires nationales.It is now well established that modern eating habits contribute significantly to the development of non-communicable diseases, while also causing serious damage to the environment. Indeed, the climate crisis, the depletion of natural resources and the pollution of water and soil call for radical and urgent changes at multiple levels of global food systems. The introduction and promotion of dietary recommendations that consider both human and planetary health seem essential. To this end, the international EAT-Lancet Commission has drawn up a proposal healthy, sustainable planetary diet developed to feed the world's entire population healthily, without jeopardizing ecosystem integrity. These dietary recommendations were designed to apply to the entire world's population, without taking into account specific cultural aspects, food availability and the economic costs generated by such a diet. Nor are the health and environmental specificities of each country considered. It is therefore necessary to study these dietary recommendations in various contexts, in order to determine whether the implementation of such recommendations is beneficial and feasible on a global scale.The aim of this thesis was to study the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations in relation to human and environmental health, in a French metropolitan context.The aim of this thesis was to study EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations in relation to human and environmental health, in a French metropolitan context.The work carried out in the course of this thesis highlighted, in a French dietary context, an improvement in nutritional quality with increased adherence to the EAT Lancet diet recommendations, as well as protective associations with the risk of overweight and obesity, the cancer risk and the risk of type 2 diabetes. In addition, increased adherence to these recommendations was also associated with a reduction in diet-related environmental pressures.These results suggest that, in a context where changes of our lifestyles and diets are needed to achieve a sustainable food systems, adherence to planetary dietary recommendations such as those proposed by the EAT-Lancet Commission would, in a French context, reduce the health-environment double burden of the food systems. In addition, the results of this work provide further arguments for taking environmental aspects into account in national dietary recommendations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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