43 research outputs found
Molecular epidemiology of canine parvovirus in Morocco
No full textSince it first emergence in the mid-1970's, canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) has evolved giving rise to new antigenic variants termed CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c, which have completely replaced the original strain and had been variously distributed worldwide. In Africa limited data are available on epidemiological prevalence of these new types. Hence, the aim of the present study was to determine circulating variants in Morocco. Through TaqMan-based real-time PCR assay, 91 samples, collected from symptomatic dogs originating from various cities between 2011 and 2015, were diagnosed. Positive specimens were characterised by means of minor groove binder (MGB) probe PCR. The results showed that all samples but one (98.9%) were CPV positive, of which 1 (1.1%) was characterised as CPV-2a, 43 (47.7%) as CPV-2b and 39 (43.3%) as CPV-2c. Interestingly, a co-infection with CPV-2b and CPV-2c was detected in 4 (4.4%) samples and 3 (3.3%) samples were not characterised. Sequencing of the full VP2 gene revealed these 3 uncharacterised strains as CPV-2c, displaying a change G4068A responsible for the replacement of aspartic acid with asparagine at residue 427, impacting the MGB probe binding. In this work we provide a better understanding of the current status of prevailing CPV strains in northern Africa
Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle in Morocco: preparation and evaluation of chemical extracts for use in detection of immune responses
No full textSodium deoxycholate (DOC) was utilized to extract immunologically-active cell wall components of virulent M. bovis and M. avium, isolated from cattle in Morocco and M. fortuitum as well as related organisms e.g., N. asteroides and R. equi. The extracts from M. bovis, N. asteroides, M. fortuitum, and M. avium, were fractionated by size exclusion chromatography using Sephadex S-200. Two fractions (1 and 2) were obtained at absorbance of 280 nm. Fraction 1 of M. bovis, M. avium, M. fortuitum and of N. asteroides and nonfractionated DOC extract of R. equi elicited delayed-type hypersensitivity responses in homologously or heterologously sensitized guinea-pigs. Significant enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay values were obtained using sera from cattle 4 weeks after sensitization with homologous bacterial preparations (p < 0.01). Significant ELISA cross-reactions were observed in M. bovis or M. avium sensitized calves, using heterologous antigens;Mycobacteriologic examinations conducted on tissues collected from 246 cows in 5 major abattoirs of Morocco, revealed that M. bovis was isolated from 29.67% of the cattle examined. Mycobacteria other than M. bovis (MOTT) were isolated from tissues of 23 carcasses (9.34%). Three had lesions compatible with tuberculosis; M. bovis was not isolated;An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using M. bovis PPD or M. bovis DOC fraction 1 as antigens was used for detecting antibodies in sera of cattle from which M. bovis was isolated. The sensitivity for M. bovis PPD was 76.71% and for DOC extract of M. bovis was 79.45%; the specificity was of 90% and 92%, respectively. These values are similar to those achieved by the tuberculin skin test (71);Investigations conducted on five selected herds in Morocco using the cervical intradermal tuberculin test and ELISA revealed that cattle in three herds were tuberculous. The comparative cervical tuberculin test using M. bovis and M. avium PPD's at equal concentration was conducted within 24 hours of a positive or suspect skin response; no reactors were identified in the remaining two herds;Combination of ELISA and tuberculin skin test conducted on animals from tuberculous herds was found to be more sensitive than either test conducted alone.</p
Flow Separation Control over a Wing-Flap Model: Analysis of flap leading edge applications
No full textNowadays, the development of multi-element airfoils show a progression towards a “circular arc” to attain a maximum lift force. The improvement of the high lift performance of specifically a wing-flap combination is an ongoing research at Delft University of Technology. Generally, a higher lift force can be created by deflecting the flap to higher angles. The higher this angle, the larger the curvature the flow has to follow. Consequently the flap becomes dominated by separated flow and a big part of the lift force will be lost. To overcome this lift loss due to flow separation additional flow control techniques become essential. Hence, within the scope of lift improvement, the effect of flap leading edge applications is investigated for a wing-flap model at critical flight conditions i.e. high flap deflection angle of 45◦ and Re = 1.7 · 106 (42m/s).Aerospace Engineering | Aerodynamics and Wind Energ
Étude séro-épidémiologique des principales maladies infectieuses abortives chez la vache laitière au Maroc
No full textDans le but de déterminer l'importance des avortements et la séroprévalence de six infections abortives à savoir la brucellose, la leptospirose, la néosporose, la fièvre Q, la salmonellose et l'infection par l'herpèsvirus bovin 4 (BoHV-4) chez les vaches laitières au Maroc, une enquête séro-épidémiologique a été menée au niveau de cinq grands élevages des régions de Fès et du Gharb au Maroc, où des avortements ont souvent été signalés. Un total de 252 sérums a été collecté à partir de femelles de différents âges et une enquête rétrospective, se basant sur des questionnaires et sur les registres des exploitations, a été réalisée sur un total de 4144 femelles entre 2018 et 2022. Des anticorps dirigés contre les agents pathogènes étudiés ont été détectés par des tests ELISA indirecte dans 75,7 % des échantillons testés, avec une séroprévalence globale de 46% pour Leptospira hardjo, 25% pour Neospora caninum, 43% pour Coxiella burnetii, 50% pour le BoHV-4. Quant à Salmonella, des anticorps contre le sérovar Dublin ont été identifiés dans deux élevages avec une séroprévalence moyenne de 2%. Les indicateurs sérologiques de co-infections étaient fréquemment observés. L'absence d'évidence de facteurs non infectieux épidémiologiquement liés aux avortements suggère que les agents étudiés doivent être considérés comme des facteurs de risque importants dans la dynamique du syndrome observé, même si des investigations complémentaires sont nécessaires pour identifier les causes de l'avortement.
Mots clés: Maladies abortives, brucellose, leptospirose, néosporose, la fièvre Q, salmonellose, herpèsvirus bovin 4, Maro
Habitants des bidonvilles et revendications de droits de citoyenneté au Maroc
No full textDe nombreux travaux ont montré que, dans les bidonvilles marocains, les droits de citoyenneté occupent une place de choix dans les pratiques et discours des habitants. À partir d’une enquête menée dans des bidonvilles de deux régions différentes – Nzala Raddaya (la région de Fès-Meknès) et Douar Laamour (la région de Casablanca-Settat) –, j’ai plus particulièrement focalisé mon attention sur l’importance que revêtent les documents administratifs accréditant les habitants de leur statut de bidonvillois ou permettant de bénéficier des opérations de recasement dans le cadre de la politique de lutte contre les bidonvilles. Ces documents, depuis l’accès aux services publics jusqu’à l’opportunité d’être relogé, sont au cœur des stratégies mobilisées aussi bien par les habitants des bidonvilles que par les acteurs publics qui les délivrent ou les réclamentScholarship has shown that, in moroccan shantytowns, the rights of citizenship hold an important place in practices and narratives of the inhabitants. Based on fieldwork conducted in shantytowns in different regions (Nzala Raddaya – in the Fes-Meknes region) and Douar Laamour (in the Casablanca-Settat region), the author paid special attention to the importance taken on by administrative documents which vouch for the status of shantytown dwellers. As such, these documents enable their holders to benefit from resettlements policies in the aim of eradicating shantytowns. The materiality of these documents, which grant access to public services through to the possibility of resettlement, are at the heart of strategies, enacted both by the shantytown inhabitants and by the civil servants who deliver or claim them
Pathogénicité de l\u27adénovirus aviaire sérotype 11 sur les embryons de poulet exempts d\u27agents pathogènes spécifiques
No full textInclusion body hepatitis (IBH) associated with fowl aviadenovirus (FAdV) infection has a world-wide distribution, especially for broilers aged 3 to 5 weeks, causing significant economic losses to poultry industry. In present study, we evaluated the pathogenicity of Moroccan FAdV serotype 11 (MOR111115 strain) in specific pathogen free (SPF) white leghorn chicken embryos. FAdV (titre 10?/ml) was inoculated to SPF embryonated chicken eggs through the chorioallontoic membrane (CAM). The mortality, gross and microscopical lesions of the embryos were evaluated and the presence of the virus was checked by PCR. 100% cumulative embryonic mortality was observed at 7 days post-infection (dpi). The inoculated embryos were hemorragic and the liver was friable and swollen, with yellow to greenish discoloration. Microscopically, we highlighted a multifocal necrosis of hepatocytes groups with the presence of basophilic and eosinophilic intra-nuclear inclusion bodies within hepatocytes. The presence of the virus was confirmed by conventional polymerase chain reaction based on hexon gene from liver.that is a major target organ of FAdV infections. This is the first study of pathogenicity of fowl aviadenovirus in SPF chicken embryos in Morocco.
Keywords: Fowl aviadenovirus-11, Inclusion body hepatitis, Pathogenicity, Chicken embryosL\u27hépatite à corps d\u27inclusion (IBH) associée à l\u27infection par l\u27aviadénovirus aviaire (FAdV) a une distribution mondiale, en particulier chez les poulets de chair âgés de 3 à 5 semaines, entraînant des pertes économiques importantes de l\u27industrie avicole. Dans la présente étude, nous avons évalué la pathogénicité du virus FAdV- sérotype 11 isolé au Maroc (souche MOR111115) chez les embryons de poulets exempts d’agent pathogène (SPF). Le FAdV (titre 10? / ml) a été inoculé à des œufs embryonnés SPF à travers la membrane chorioallontoique (CAM). La mortalité, les lésions macroscopiques et microscopiques des embryons ont été évaluées et la présence du virus a été confirmé par réaction de polymérisation en chaine (PCR). La mortalité embryonnaire cumulative de 100% a été observée 7 jours après l\u27infection (dpi). Les embryons inoculés étaient hémorragiques et le foie était hypertrophié et friable, avec une décoloration jaune à verdâtre. Au microscope, nous avons mis en évidence une nécrose multifocale des groupes d\u27hépatocytes avec la présence de corps d\u27inclusion intra-nucléaires basophiles et éosinophiles dans les hépatocytes. La présence du virus a été confirmée par PCR conventionnelle basée sur le gène hexon à partir des prélèvements du foie, qui constitue l’organe cible des infections à FAdV. Il s\u27agit de la première étude de la pathogénicité de l\u27aviadénovirus aviaire dans les embryons de poulet SPF au Maroc.
Mots clés: Adénovirus aviaire, Hépatite à corps d’inclusion, Pathogénicité, Embryon de poule
Atypical cerebral MRI imaging findings in a patient with isolated neurosarcoidosis
No full textSarcoidosis is a rare, chronic, granulomatous disease of unknown etiology and primarily effects the lymphatic and respiratory systems. The central nervous system (CNS) is unusually implicated in sarcoidosis patients. We describe a rare magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in a case of isolated neurosarcoidosis. The evaluation of suspect patients requires radiological imaging studies, especially MRIs. The diagnosis of neurosarcoidosis is clinically challenging, MRI studies are effective in detecting CNS inflammation but lack specificity
L\u27univers emblématique du mythe dans Nedjma de Kateb-Yacine
No full textThe Emblematic Universe of the Myth in Nedjma by Kateb-Yacine
In this impenetrable symbolic maquis that is the novel Nedjma,the mythical word taken in the demonic cadence of a rebellious writing that is sometimes disconcerting breaks down the fiction creating an unusual world; produced plural representation thus enhancing the cryptogram-poetry. Poetry in movement destined to deliver the mythical word to greed; Changed fantasies of the author. Ardent symbolism and mystical breath will animate the episode of Nedjma
L’Andalousie dans l’œuvre poétique de Sergio Macías Brevis : mobilités et interactions culturelles
No full textRésumé
À travers El manuscrito de los sueños (Le manuscrit des rêves), l’auteur chilien Sergio Macías Brevis reflète une sensibilité poétique où s’imprime une écriture biographique qui est liée à une expérience vécue par le calife poète arabo-andalou Al Mouatamid Ibn Abbad. L’originalité de cette œuvre réside dans la revivification de la mémoire de ce calife très passionné de la poésie et du goût littéraire raffiné des auteurs de l’époque de l’épanouissement de la civilisation musulmane en Espagne. Il est important de préciser que ce recueil qui reprend les Lumières du Moyen-Âge arabo-andalou s’apparente à la dynamique de la reconstruction du monde poétiquement. À travers cette poésie productive, Brevis cherche à s’installer au cœur de l’époque andalouse en vue d’aboutir à son libre épanouissement et à une conscience profonde de son être-au-monde via le franchissement des limites de l’altérité et la mobilité de la mémoire. C’est ainsi que nous analyserons avec profondeur le dialogue interculturel entre ces espaces géographiques de l’Andalousie chargés d’histoire et de mémoire.
Mots-clés : Mobilités, Savoir, Diversité, Interactions, Transfert ;
Abstract
Through El manuscrito de los sueños (The manuscript of dreams), the Chilean author Sergio Macías Brevis reflects a poetic sensibility where a biographical writing is imprinted that intimates with an experience lived by the Arabo-Andalusian poet caliph Al Mouatamid Ibn Abbad. The originality of this work lies in the revivification of the memory of this caliph very passionate about poetry and refined literary taste of the authors of the time. It is revealing to specify that this collection which takes up the Enlightenment of the Arabo-Andalusian Middle Ages, is similar to the dynamics of the reconstruction of the world poetically. Through this productive poetry, Brevis seeks to settle in the heart of the Andalusian era in order to achieve his free blossoming and a deep awareness of his being-in-the-world through the crossing of the limits of the otherness of the other and the mobility of memory. This is how he worked to deepen the intercultural dialogue between these geographical spaces full of history and exchanges.
Keywords: Mobility, Knowledge, Diversity, Interactions, Transfer
