1,720,980 research outputs found
Daily Activities of Siamang (Symphalangus syndactylus Raffles) at Medan Zoo, Simalingkar, North Sumatra
No full textSiamang (Symphalangus syndactylus) is one of the primates of the Hylobatidae family that is endemic to the island of Sumatra. The difference in natural habitat conditions with artificial habitats will give an impact on the animal life. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct the research on the daily activities of the Siamang at Medan Zoo, North Sumatra. This study aims to analyzed the daily activities of Siamang in Medan Zoo, North Sumatra. The research was carried out for 30 days in April 2024 using the Focal Animal Sampling method, data recording was carried out using the Instantaneous method and descriptive data about the management system was obtained by interview techniques with zoo management. The results showed the percentage of the resting activities were 37.00%; the playing activities were 20.50%; the eating activities were 18.38%. Meanwhile the moving activities were 14.35%; the vocalization activities were 5.83%; and then the groaming activities were 2.43%, and the last is defecation activities consume of 1.43%. Siamang in Medan Zoo needed a large cage conditions that were close to the natural habitat such as equipping the cage with artificial trees and paying attention to adequate and nutritious food intake every day.53 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Estimasi Kepadatan Populasi Orangutan Sumatera (Pongo Abelii Lesson, 1827) Berdasarkan Jumlah Sarang di Restorasi Halaban Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser
No full textThe Sumatran orangutan (Pongo abelii) was a Sumatran endemic primate that was critically endangered. Halaban National Park at Gunung Leuser was habitat of Sumatran orangutan. The density of orangutan in their ecosystem was varies depending on their ecosystem. Research was conducted to estimate population density of Sumatran orangutan based on their nests. This survey was conducted during February 2023. The methods used was Line Transect method with 3 transects. Results showed 13 of orangutan nests were found with population density of 1.215 ind/250 ha. The nests were dominated by C class signed by brownish color at their nest materials. The presence of orangutan nests were dominated at the tip of the trees (site III) followed by at the middle of branches (site II). The height of tree with nests was mostly found at 15-20 meters. Species of three in which orangutans most often used used nesting were Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp and Macaranga gigantean (Rchb.f and Zoll.) Mull. Arg.65 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Breastfeeding Behavior of Calf Sumatran Elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in The Gunung Leuser Resort National Park Area Tangkahan, Langkat, North Sumatra
No full textThis research aims to explain the suckling behavior of Sumatran elephant calves
(Elephas maximus sumatrans) in the Gunung Leuser Resort Tangkahan National Park
area, Langkat, North Sumatra. The process when an elephant wants to breastfeed is
that the elephant will approach its mother and make a movement to open its mouth
with its trunk raised upwards and then suck on the nipple. This research method uses
the focal animal sampling method with the focus animal selected based on certain
reasons (purposive), then using continuous recording observation rules. The stages of
breastfeeding an elephant calf at CRU Tangkahan start from approaching the mother,
feeling the nipple, lifting the trunk, sucking the nipple, and releasing the suction. The
highest frequency of breastfeeding behavior was found in nipple sucking behavior,
namely 36.61% in Carlos elephant calves and 27.69% in Boni elephant calves.
Meanwhile, the behavior of approaching the mother is the behavior with the lowest
frequency in Boni elephants, namely 12.82% and the behavior of lifting the trunk is
the lowest frequency behavior in Carlos elephants, namely 0%46 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Perilaku Asuh Induk Terhadap Anak Gajah (Elephas maximus sumatranus) di Kawasan Conservation Response Unit (CRU) Tangkahan, Langkat, Sumatera Utara
No full textPerilaku merupakan gerak-gerik gajah yang dipengaruhi oleh hubungan antara gajah dengan lingkungannya. Perilaku pada gajah meliputi perilaku individu, perilaku sosial/kelompok, perilaku pola asuh dan beberapa perilaku lainnya. Salah satu perilaku gajah sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus) yaitu perilaku asuh. Induk gajah akan mengawasi, menjaga dan melindungi anaknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku dan pola asuh induk terhadap anak gajah di kawasan CRU, Tangkahan, Langkat, Sumatera Utara. Objek utama penelitian ini yaitu dua ekor gajah betina induk (Agustin dan Olive) dan dua ekor anak gajah (Cristhoper dan Eropa) yang berumur kira-kira 2,5 tahun. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode focal animal sampling dan dikombinasikan dengan continues sampling. Pengamatan dilakukan tanpa mengganggu aktivitas harian induk maupun anak gajah. Pengamatan selama 300 jam memperoleh hasil dengan jumlah titik sampel sebanyak 20.531 dan total durasi 11593,46 menit. Perilaku yang paling sering terlihat yaitu perilaku mendekat (MD) 33,27% dan perilaku mengikuti (MI) 32,22%, sedangkan perilaku mencium (MC) hanya 2% dari total seluruh frekuensi perilaku yang diamati. Penelitian perilaku asuh induk terhadap anak gajah diharapkan menjadi data dasar untuk manajemen konservasi gajah sumatera (Elephas maximus sumatranus) secara eksitu di kawasan CRU Tangkahan.Behavior is the activities of elephants that are influenced by the relationship between elephants and their environment. Behavior of elephants includes individual behavior, social/group behavior, parenting behavior and several other behaviors. One of the behavior of the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) is parenting behavior. The elephant mother will tend to supervise, preserve and protect her offspring. This study aimed to determine the parenting behavior of elephants in the CRU area, Tangkahan, Langkat, North Sumatra. The main objects of this study were two female elephants (Agustin and Olive) and two young elephants (Cristhoper and Eropa) with age of 2.5 yr. The method used was the focal animal sampling method combined with continuous sampling. Observations were carried out without interfering the daily activities of the parent or young. Total of 300 h of observation were obtained with a total sample point of 20,531 and duration of 11593.46 min. The most common behavior exposed by the mothers were approaching and Following with total percentage of 33.27 and 32.22%, repectively. Kissing was only 2% of the total frequency of behaviors observed. Recent study on parenting behavior may be used as baseline data or information for the conservation management of Sumatran elephants (Elephas maximus sumatranus) in the Tangkahan area CRU.64 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Feeding Activity of Sumatran Orangutans (Pongo abelii Lesson, 1827) in Sikundur Research Station, Aceh Tamiang Gunung Leuser National Park
No full textGunung Leuser National Park is the only habitat for Sumatran orangutans. The presence of Sumatran orangutans plays an important role in dispersing plant seeds. Seed dispersal can reduce competition and increase seed survival. This study aims to analyze the feeding activities, the seed dispersal patterns and to identify the type of food of Sumatran orangutans. There were 2 research objects, a juvenile female orangutan named Mala and an adult female orangutan named Suci. Data recording of feeding activity was conducted using the Focal Animal Sampling (FAS) method, while sample collection was conducted by using the Purposive Sampling method. The results showed that Mala's feeding activity was observed for 4090 minutes and 4550 minutes compare to other activities, while Suci's feeding activity was observed for 1322 minutes and 1558 minutes compare to other activities. Both orangutans ate more fruit than other types of food such as young leaves, cambium, leaf tubers, flowers, and insects. There were 3 times of seed dispersal by Sumatran orangutans through feces by the distances of 818 meters, 595 meters, and 408 meters respectively. In comparison, endozoochory seed dispersal also occurred 3 times by the distances of 81 meters, 68 meters, and 48 meters respectively. Orangutan defecation activity during the observation is recorded 22 times by scattering 44 plant seeds. All seeds dispersed are ≥ 3mm in size. The types of food plants eaten by Mala and Suci orangutans totally are 33 species come from 21 families observe. The most commonly consumed food species came from the Moraceae family, namely Artocarpus integer, Ficus fistulosa, Ficus drupaceae, Artocarpus elasticus, and Ficus sp. However, the dominants food of orangutans feeding during observation is pandanus fruit (pandanaceae). Further studies on seed fate analysis are needed to determine the growth capacity of orangutan dispersal seeds and to conduct research on seed dispersal with a larger sample population and compare with other dispersal agents in the community to gain a foundation knowledge to the conservation of orangutans and their habitats.74 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Perilaku Agonistik Harimau Sumatra (Panthera Tigris Sumatrae) Jantan di Central Park Zoo and Resort, Pancur Batu, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatra Utara
Get PDFSumatran tiger (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) is one of rare species that categorized as endangered due to poaching and habitat destruction. Therefore, exsitu conservation efforts needed to maintain it’s sustainability, one of the conservation areas in North Sumatra which is the Central Park Zoo and Resort. This study aims to determine the agonictic behaviour that occurs in male Sumatran tiger Bima and Taren in detail such as the duration and frequency percentage at the Central Park Zoo and Resort. The research at the Central Park Zoo and Resort. The research was carried out for 14 days in December 2021 until January 2022 using the Focal animal sampling method and data recording using the instantaneous sampling method. The results showed that the highest duration and percentage of agonistic behavior for the Bima and Taren tigers were mild agonistic behavior, the Bima tiger threatened with eyes and sound 10000 seconds;4.83% and the Taren tiger 6442 seconds;4.03%. Meanwhile, the agonistic behavior is severe, the Bima tiger drives away other individuals 1160 seconds; 0.85% and the Taren tiger 882 seconds; 0.71%69 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Mammal Species in Post-Rehabilitation Area of Sei Betung Resort, Gunung Leuser National Park, Langkat, North Sumatra
No full textResor Sei Betung area in Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) has
undergone a rehabilitation process after more than 20 years of restoration. This area
was returned to the management of the National Park after experiencing degradation
due to the conversion of forests into oil palm plantations. This research aims to
identify and analyze mammal species as one of the indicators of restoration success.
Data collection was carried out using direct observation methods, mist netting, cage
traps, and camera traps from May to November 2023. The results of the study show
that 22 mammal species were successfully identified in this area, with 12 of them being
protected species, such as the Sumatran elephant (Elephas maximus sumatranus) and
the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar). The average bat biodiversity index in the
Halaban monitoring post area showed a Dominance Index (D) of 0.54, Evenness
Index (J) of 0.76, Margalef Index of 0.65, and Shannon-Wiener Index of 0.59. The
highest relative abundance index from camera traps was found in Macaca nemestrina
and Sus scrofa, at 47.5% and 47.1% respectively, while the lowest abundance was
found in Pardofelis marmorata and Prionailurus bengalensis, each at 0.1%.87 PagesTesis Magiste
Aktivitas Diurnal Harimau Sumatera (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) di Taman Hewan Pematangsiantar, Kota Pematangsiantar, Sumatera Utara
No full textSumatran tiger (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) is an endangered species of wild felids based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List. The study of diurnal activity by sumatran tiger was conducted at Siantar Zoo, Pematangsiantar City, North Sumatra in 10 days of observation from September to October 2019. This study aimed to determine the diurnal activity and interaction pattern of Sumatran tiger in the zoo. The objects in this study were a tiger (Jendral) and a tigress (Manis). This study used instantaneous sampling of behaviour combined with continuous record of data. The results otbtained 2,989 sampling points for Jendral and 4,822 sampling points for Manis. The most frequent behavior was resting both by Jendral (72.42%) and Manis (79.19%). The least frequent behaviour was agonistic both by Jendral (0.04%) and Manis (0.43%). The results of this study may be used as the baseline data for the management and ex-situ conservation of Sumatran tiger in Siantar Zoo.Harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) termasuk ke dalam satwa yang terancam punah berdasarkan daftar The International Union for Conservation of Nature and natural Resources (IUCN). Penelitian tentang aktivitas diurnal harimau sumatera dilakukan di Taman Hewan Pematangsiantar, kota Pematangsiantar, Sumatera Utara, telah dilakukan selama 10 (sepuluh) hari pada bulan September sampai Oktober 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku diurnal dan pola interaksi harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) di Taman Hewan Pematangsiantar, Kota Pematangsiantar, Sumatera Utara. Objek pada penelitin ini yaitu seekor harimau jantan (Jendral) dan seekor harimau betina (Manis). Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode instantaneous sampling kemudian dikombinasi dengan continious sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harimau Jendral memperoleh sebanyak 2989 titik sampel dan 4822 titik sampel pada harimau Manis. Perilaku yang paling sering terlihat yaitu perilaku istirahat 72,42% pada harimau Jendral dan 79,19% pada harimau Manis. Perilaku yang jarang dilakukan yaitu perilaku agonistik, pada harimau Jendral 0,04% dan 0,43% harimau Manis. Penelitian aktivitas diurnal harimau sumatera diharapkan menjadi data dasar untuk manajemen konservasi harimau sumatera (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) di Taman Hewan Pematangsiantar.67 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
Small-Clawed Otters (Aonyx cinereus) Activities at the Rahmat Zoo and Park, Bengabing Village, Pegajahan, North Sumatera
No full textThis study aims to examine the activity patterns of small-clawed otters (Aonyx cinereus)
maintained at Rahmat Zoo and Park, Bengabing Village, Pegajahan, North Sumatra.
From a biological perspective, the study of daily activity provides important insights
into behavioral biology and supports conservation efforts by improving the
understanding of species adaptation under captive conditions. Observations are
conducted on a male and a female individual approximately one year old over a 14-day
period, from 08:00 to 16:00 WIB, using the focal animal sampling method with two
minute recording intervals. Activity data are classified into ten behavioral categories
and quantitatively analyzed by calculating the percentage frequency of each behavior,
which is then presented graphically. The results have shown that the dominant activities
of the male otter have been locomotion (36.32%) and resting (35.79%), whereas the
dominant activities of the female otters have been locomotion (34.72%) and resting
(36.85%). Other observed behaviors included vocalization, feeding, grooming, social
interaction, standing, alertness, elimination, territorial marking, begging, and mating,
all occurring at lower percentages. These findings demonstrated that the activities of
Aonyx cinereus in captivity have been largely dominated by locomotion and resting
behaviors and have been influenced by environmental factors and husbandry conditions.
This study has provided additional biological information to support management
practices and conservation strategies for small-clawed otters in conservation
institutions.70 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Perilaku Agonistik Harimau Sumatra (Panthera Tigris Sumatrae) Jantan di Central Park Zoo and Resort, Pancur Batu, Kabupaten Deli Serdang, Sumatra Utara
Get PDFSumatran tiger (Panthera tigris-sumatrae) is one of rare species that categorized as endangered due to poaching and habitat destruction. Therefore, exsitu conservation efforts needed to maintain it’s sustainability, one of the conservation areas in North Sumatra which is the Central Park Zoo and Resort. This study aims to determine the agonictic behaviour that occurs in male Sumatran tiger Bima and Taren in detail such as the duration and frequency percentage at the Central Park Zoo and Resort. The research at the Central Park Zoo and Resort. The research was carried out for 14 days in December 2021 until January 2022 using the Focal animal sampling method and data recording using the instantaneous sampling method. The results showed that the highest duration and percentage of agonistic behavior for the Bima and Taren tigers were mild agonistic behavior, the Bima tiger threatened with eyes and sound 10000 seconds;4.83% and the Taren tiger 6442 seconds;4.03%. Meanwhile, the agonistic behavior is severe, the Bima tiger drives away other individuals 1160 seconds; 0.85% and the Taren tiger 882 seconds; 0.71%69 HalamanSkripsi Sarjan
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