1,720,990 research outputs found
South Africa's integrated urban development framework and sustainable development goal 11: policy mismatch or success?
Get PDFThis paper critically questions the extent to which the Integrated Urban Development Framework, 2016 (IUDF) provides for strategic goals and policy levers towards the pursuit of sustainable cities in South Africa as understood in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11. Specific emphasis will be placed on the nine identified policy levers2 in the IUDF and whether these correspond with what is identified in SDG 11 as essential for the pursuit and maintenance of sustainable cities. SDG 11 has been heralded as “path-breaking" as it represents the strongest recognition to date of the significant role of cities in promoting sustainability on local, national, and global scales. The goal forms part of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development3 adopted in 2015. SDG 11 specifically seeks to ensure that cities and human settlements become inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. The goal provides a broad framework for what the achievement sustainable cities entails and lists specific targets to be met by 2030 to ensure urban sustainability around the globe. The South African government recently developed its first policy underscoring the country's national urban agenda. Informed by SDG 11, the IUDF calls for the effective and improved management of urban spaces and recognises the need for South African cities to become “liveable, safe, resource-efficient cities that are socially integrated, economically inclusive and globally competitive"
Introduction to climate resilient cities and the law
No full textThis chapter introduces the topic of climate change and cities and summarizes the findings of the other chapters of the book
Phosphorylation of capsaicinoid derivatives provides highly potent and selective inhibitors of the transcription factor STAT5b
No full textDesign approaches for inhibitors of protein–protein interactions are rare, but highly sought after. Here, we report that O-phosphorylation of simple derivatives of the natural products dihydrocapsaicin and N-vanillylnonanamide leads to inhibitors of the SH2 domain of the transcription factor STAT5b. The most potent molecule is obtained from dihydrocapsaicin in only three synthetic steps. It has submicromolar affinity for the SH2 domain of STAT5b (Ki = 0.34 μM), while displaying 35-fold selectivity over the highly homologous STAT5a (Ki = 13.0 μM). The corresponding pivaloyloxymethyl ester inhibits STAT5b with selectivity over STAT5a in human tumor cells. Importantly, it inhibits cell viability and induces apoptosis in human tumor cells in a STAT5-dependent manner. Our data validate O-phosphorylation of appropriately preselected natural products or natural product derivatives as a semirational design approach for small molecules that selectively inhibit phosphorylation-dependent protein–protein interaction domains in cultured human tumor cells
Some perspectives on constitutional conflict in local disaster management through the lens of Pheko v Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality 2012 2 SA 598 (CC)
No full textSocially created vulnerabilities are largely ignored in the hazards and disaster literature
because they are so difficult to measure and quantify. Social vulnerability is partially a
product of social inequities – those social factors and forces that create the susceptibility
of various groups to harm, and in turn affect their ability to respond, and bounce back
(resilience) after the disaster. But it is more than that. Social vulnerability involves the basic
provision of health care, the liveability of places, overall indicators of quality of life, and
accessibility to lifelines (goods, services, emergency response personnel), capital, and
political representationhttp://www.unisa.ac.za/Default.asp?Cmd=ViewContent&ContentID=21413http://reference.sabinet.co.za/webx/access/electronic_journals/sapr1/sapr1_v28_n2_a10.pd
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nanomolar inhibitors of the transcription factor STAT5b with high selectivity over STAT5a
No full textSrc homology 2 (SH2) domains play a central role in signal transduction. Although many SH2 domains have been validated as drug targets, their structural similarity makes development of specific inhibitors difficult. The cancer‐relevant transcription factors STAT5a and STAT5b are particularly challenging small‐molecule targets because their SH2 domains are 93 % identical on the amino acid level. Here we present the natural product‐inspired development of the low‐nanomolar inhibitor Stafib‐1, as the first small molecule which inhibits the STAT5b SH2 domain (Ki=44 nM) with more than 50‐fold selectivity over STAT5a. The binding site of the core moiety of Stafib‐1 was validated by functional analysis of point mutants. A prodrug of Stafib‐1 was shown to inhibit STAT5b with high selectivity over STAT5a in tumor cells. Stafib‐1 provides the first demonstration that naturally occurring SH2 domains with more than 90 % sequence identity can be selectively targeted with small organic molecules
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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