1,721,015 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
DO DOCTORS INDUCE DEMAND?
No full textThis paper examines supply-induced demand in medicine using an exogenous income shock to obstetricians and gynaecologists caused by a declining number of births in their practice location from 1989 to 1999. The results of the present study indicate some evidence of induced demand. A 4.1 percentage point increase in Caesarean section procedures is found for a one unit decline in the birth rate per 100 population. Interestingly, people commence prenatal care statistically significantly earlier with fertility decline and, subsequently, the total number of prenatal care visits has been increased. However, I found no evidence of declining fertility inducing excessive prenatal care visits. Copyright 2010 The Author. Pacific Economic Review 2010 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
양 계면 결함제어 공정을 통한 고성능 및 고안정성 페로브스카이트 광전소자 구현
Get PDF학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 재료공학부, 2023. 8. 박병우.Organic-inorganic hybrid Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are in the spotlight as promising renewable energy devices due to their desirable properties. However, they face challenges concerning both power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability. The presence of surface defects in PSCs poses a major hurdle to achieving high efficiency and stability, as these defects cause nonradiative recombination and degradation.
Thus, suppressing electronic defects in both interfaces between the charge carrier transport layers and the perovskite layer is essential to improve photovoltaic performance and the long-term stability of PSCs. Herein, a novel double-side surface passivation method using phenyltrimethylammonium iodide (PTMAI) salt is applied to remove electronic defects effectively. PTMA cation is a quaternary ammonium salt known for its resistance to water and thermal stress as an effective defect passivator. Moreover, the bulky nature of this cation helps to suppress ion migration through the perovskite layer toward interfaces between the perovskite and charge transport layer.
As a result, double-side passivation with PTMAI contributes to the enhancement of the perovskite crystallinity with the relaxed nonuniform distribution of the local strain of the perovskite layer. Furthermore, this passivation method also achieves remarkable suppression of trap density, promoting the growth of larger grains and a smoother surface in the perovskite layer. Consequently, the efficiency of formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) PSC is significantly improved by double-side passivation with PTMAI, achieving a PCE of 21.87%. Moreover, the passivated cell exhibited enhanced long-term stability, maintaining over 80% of its initial PCE after 1860 h and 1030 h under 60 ℃ and continuous 1 sun illumination, respectively.유기/무기 하이브리드 페로브스카이트 태양전지(PSC)는 탁월한 특성으로 인해 유망한 재생 에너지 소자로 각광받고 있다. 그러나 동시에 전력 변환 효율(PCE) 및 장기 안정성과 관련된 문제에 직면해 있다. PSC에서 표면 결함의 존재는 비발광 재결합 및 열화를 일으키기 때문에 높은 효율과 안정성을 달성하는 데 주요 장애물이 된다.
따라서 전하 캐리어 수송층과 페로브스카이트 층 사이의 두 인터페이스에서 전자 결함을 억제하는 것은 PSC의 광전지 성능과 장기 안정성을 향상시키는 데 필수적이다. 이 연구에서는 전자결함을 효과적으로 제거하기 위해 페닐트리메틸암모늄아이오다이드(PTMAI) 염을 이용한 새로운 양 계면 결함 제어 방법을 적용하였다. 페닐트리메틸암모늄(PTMA) 양이온은 효과적인 결함 제어 물질로서 물과 열에 대한 저항성이 있는 것으로 알려진 4차 암모늄 염이다. 또한, 이 양이온의 큰 부피는 페로브스카이트 층으로부터 페로브스카이트와 전하 수송층 사이의 인터페이스로 이온이 이동하는 것을 억제하는 데 도움이 된다.
그 결과, PTMAI를 사용한 양 계면 결함제어 방법은 페로브스카이트 층에 존재하는 국부적 응력의 불균일한 분포를 완화시켜 페로브스카이트 결정도의 향상에 기여한다. 또한 이 방법은 트랩 밀도를 현저하게 억제하여 페로브스카이트 층에서 결정 입자를 더 크게 성장시키고 표면을 더 매끄럽게 만든다. 결과적으로 PTMAI를 사용한 양 계면 결함 제어 방법으로 FAPbI3 태양전지의 효율이 크게 개선되어 21.87%의 최종적인 PCE를 달성하였다. 또한, 결함이 억제된 소자는 60 ℃의 온도 조건 하에서 1860 시간 그리고 1 Sun (AM 1.5 G)의 지속적인 광 조건 하에서 1030 시간 후에 초기 효율의 80% 이상을 유지하면서 향상된 장기 안정성을 달성하였다.Chapter 1. Introduction to Overview of Perovskite Photovoltaics. 1
1.1. Introduction to Solar Cells 1
1.2. Basic Structure of Perovskite Solar Cells 5
1.3. Advantages and Disadvantages of Perovskite Solar Cells 9
1.4. References 14
Chapter 2. Double-Side Passivation of Perovskite Solar Cells for High Performance and Stability 16
2.1. Introduction 16
2.2. Experimental Section/Methods 18
2.3. Results and Discussion 21
2.4. Conclusions 34
2.5. References 35
Abstract in Korean 38석
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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