5,701 research outputs found
Perspectives on empathy in patient-GP communication
No full textContains fulltext :
173630.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)Radboud University, 13 juni 2017Promotores : Lagro-Janssen, A.L.M., Bensing, J.M. Co-promotor : Olde Hartman, T.C
You only have one chance for a first impression! Impact of patients' first impression on the global quality assessment of doctors' communication approach.
No full textBackground
Patients' first impressions obtained during early contacts with doctors represent the basis for relationship building processes. Aim of this study was to verify how patients' first impression of doctors' communication approach influences patients' global assessment of doctors' performance. This cross-sectional study was part of a larger, multicenter observational study aiming to assess lay-people's preferences regarding patient-doctor communication.
Methods
All participants (N = 136) were equally distributed over two selected Italian and Dutch recruitment centers as well as for gender and age. In each center, panels of 6-9 persons each watched the same set of eight videotaped Objective Structured Clinical Examination consultations. Participants performed different tasks as to pick up salient communication elements while watching the videos and to rate doctors' global communicative performances on a 10-point Likert scale. We performed a mediation analysis to assess direct and indirect effects of participants' first impression on participants' global assessment.
Results
Among the 439 collected first impressions, 284(65%) were positive. When the first impression was positive, the mean value of the global assessment of doctors' performance was significantly higher (M = 7.4, SD = 1.5) than when the first impression was negative (M = 6.0, SD = 1.6); t(437) = 9.0 p < .001. According to the mediation analysis, this difference was due to a direct (c' = 0.53) and an indirect effect (ab = 0.86) deriving from the total effect of first impressions on the global assessment of doctors' performances (c = 1.39).
Conclusion
In conclusion, the first impression has a strong impact on positive and negative judgments on doctors' communication approach and may facilitate or inhibit all further interactions
Whose story is it anyway? The ethics of narration and the narration of ethics in Summertime and Die Sneeuslaper
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.This dissertation analyses and compares the narrative strategies in J.M. Coetzee’s Summertime and Marlene van Niekerk’s Die sneeuslaper and considers the implications of these strategies for the authors’ exploration of the ethics of writing. Much has been written about the literary oeuvres of both Coetzee and Van Niekerk, including studies of the translations of Van Niekerk’s Afrikaans novels into English. There are few “interlingual” comparative studies of contemporary works in Afrikaans and English, however, and certainly none to my knowledge which compares the work of Coetzee and Van Niekerk. My contribution to the conversation about Coetzee’s and Van Niekerk’s work, but also to an increasingly multilingual and interconnected South African literary criticism, will be a comparison of one recent work by each of these two authors, written in English and Afrikaans respectively. I draw on the theories of Bakhtin, Barthes and Levinas to consider the ethical dimension of texts in which “double-voicedness”, a questioning not only of existence, but of the self is fore grounded in the content and narrative structure; where there is a shift in focus from the author to the reader (“the birth of the reader”) and “utterances” are made with the response of “the other” in mind
How patients would like to improve medical consultations: insights from a multicentre European study.
No full textObjective
In a previous qualitative study (GULiVer-I), a series of lay-people derived recommendations (‘tips’) was listed for doctor and patient on ‘How to make medical consultation more effective from the patient’s perspective’. This work (GULiVer-II) aims to find evidence whether these tips can be generally applied, by using a quantitative approach, which is grounded in the previous qualitative study.
Methods
The study design is based on a sequential mixed method approach. 798 patients, representing United Kingdom, Italy, Belgium and the Netherlands, were invited to assess on four point Likert scales the importance of the GULiVer-I tips listed in the ‘Patient Consultation Values questionnaire’.
Results
All tips for the doctor and the patient were considered as (very) important by the majority of the participants. Doctors’ and patients’ contributions to communicate honestly, treatment and time management were considered as equally important (65, 71 and 58% respectively); whereas the contribution of doctors to the course and content of the consultation was seen as more important than that of patients.
Conclusions
The relevance of GULiVer-I tips is confirmed, but tips for doctors were assessed as more important than those for patients.
Practice implications
Doctors and patients should pay attention to these ‘‘tips’’ in order to have an effective medical consultation. (aut. ref.
Communication in context. New directions in cancer communication research
No full textCommunication research is sometimes described as analyzing the black box of the doctor's
healing power (Bensing, 2000; White, 1988), but, every now and then you get a flash which
shows communication researchers analyzing this black box as if it was found in the bush after
a plane crash: as an object in itself, completely devoid of the broader context of the medical
dialogue. Most communication research has been exclusively focused on the dialogue
between patient and doctor or nurse in itself, without taking account of its context. However,
such a dialogue does not take place in a vacuum. There is a whole world surrounding it.
Researchers too often seem to ignore both the context of the patient system and the context
of the health care system which have so much to offer for understanding and interpreting the
value of the medical dialogue. We strongly believe that this narrow focus blinds communication
researchers to many relevant issues and hampers the progress of knowledge as well as the
implementation of ,knowledge in clinical practice. Thus, the central statement in this chapter
is: We have acquired enough knowledge in general of the value of communication skills. Now
it is time to focus or attention to the study of specific contextual conditions that may broaden
our knowledge and, may help, hinder, or complicate the application of this knowledge in everyday
practice
Talking about psychosocial problems: An observational study on changes in doctor-patient communicacion in general practice between 1977 and 2008
No full textObjective: To examine whether GPs’ communication styles have changed since the introduction and implementation of clinical guidelines for psychosocial problems in Dutch general practice in the 1990s. Methods: From a database of 5184 consultations videotaped between 1977 and 2008, 512 consultations assessed by GPs as ‘completely psychosocial’ were coded with RIAS (Roter Interaction Analysis System). The 121 consultations prior to and 391 consultations after implementation of guidelines were analyzed whether communication styles have changed over time. Results: We found that GPs were more likely to consider consultations to be mainly (17%) or completely (12%) psychosocial after the implementation of guidelines. They gave more biomedical and psychosocial information and advice in the second period compared to the first period. We also found that empathy decreased over time (frequency of empathic statements by GPs changed from 2.9–3.2 to 1.4–1.6 between periods). Conclusion: Communication in psychosocial consultations has changed; GPs have become more focused on task-oriented communication (asking questions, giving information and advice) and less on showing empathy. Practice implications: GPs face the challenge of integrating an evidence-based approach of applying guidelines that promote active symptom exploration with understanding patients’ personal contexts and giving room to their emotions. (aut. ref.
"The day of the great writer is gone for ever": Author surrogacy in Martin Amis’s Money and J.M. Coetzee’s Summertime.
No full textThis study focuses on the use of author surrogacy in the novels Money: A Suicide Note by Martin Amis and Summertime: Scenes from Provincial Life by J.M. Coetzee. It addresses the connection between their use of author surrogacy and their comments on what scholars classify as the postmodern cultural condition. Both authors have written themselves into their novels with a different purpose but both used strikingly similar themes to incorporate this purpose, although the stress on these themes varies. Authorial power, the distinction between the real and the imagined, and the fading line between high- and lowbrow culture are examples of the topics discussed in this study with regards to author surrogacy and the postmodern cultural condition. This study concludes that, through their use of author surrogacy, J.M. Coetzee mainly aims to critique, while Martin Amis satirises postmodern culture.
Keywords: Amis, author surrogacy, authorial power, Coetzee, fact-fiction distinction, high- and lowbrow culture, postmodern cultural condition
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