1,721,266 research outputs found
La compréhension de textes non fictionnels
No full textBenoit Jean-Pierre. La compréhension de textes non fictionnels. In: La Lettre de la DFLM, n°10, 1992. p. 24
Évaluer la lecture sur textes ouverts : des propositions et un exemple
No full textBenoit Jean-Pierre. Évaluer la lecture sur textes ouverts : des propositions et un exemple. In: La Lettre de la DFLM, n°14, 1994/1. pp. 11-14
L'argumentation en fin de scolarité obligatoire dans cinq plans d'études francophones : quels choix épistémologiques et didactiques ?
No full textBenoit Jean-Pierre. L'argumentation en fin de scolarité obligatoire dans cinq plans d'études francophones : quels choix épistémologiques et didactiques ?. In: La Lettre de la DFLM, n°25, 1999/2. pp. 10-14
Gonnin-Bolo Annette, Benoit Jean-Pierre (coord.) (2004). – Le mémoire professionnel en IUFM. Bilan de recherches et questions vives
No full textCrinon Jacques. Gonnin-Bolo Annette, Benoit Jean-Pierre (coord.) (2004). – Le mémoire professionnel en IUFM. Bilan de recherches et questions vives. In: Recherche & Formation, N°49, 2005. Travailler Ensemble ? Des réformes éducatives aux pratiques enseignantes, sous la direction de Anne Barrère et Claude Lessard. pp. 163-169
Gonnin-Bolo Annette, Benoit Jean-Pierre (coord.) (2004). – Le mémoire professionnel en IUFM. Bilan de recherches et questions vives
No full textCrinon Jacques. Gonnin-Bolo Annette, Benoit Jean-Pierre (coord.) (2004). – Le mémoire professionnel en IUFM. Bilan de recherches et questions vives. In: Recherche & Formation, N°49, 2005. Travailler Ensemble ? Des réformes éducatives aux pratiques enseignantes, sous la direction de Anne Barrère et Claude Lessard. pp. 163-169
The problem of prevention
Full text linkMany disasters are foreshadowed by insu¢ cient preventive care. In this paper, we argue that there is a true problem of prevention , in that insu¢ cient care is often the result of rational calculations on the part of agents. We identify two factors that lead to dubious e§orts in care. First, when objective risks of a disaster are poorly understood, positive experiences may lead to an underestimation of these risks and a corresponding underinvestment in prevention. Second, redundancies designed for safety may lead agents to reduce their care, resulting in a decrease in safety under certain conditions. We also analyze the use of checklists in accident prevention
Apparent overconfidence
Full text linkIt is common for a majority of people to rank themselves as better than average on simple tasks and worse than average on difficult tasks. The literature takes for granted that this apparent misconfidence is problematic. We argue, however, that this behaviour is consistent with purely rational Bayesian updaters. In fact, better-than average data by itself cannot be used to show overconfidence; we indicate which type
of data can be used. Our theory is consistent with empirical patterns found in the literature
When do populations polarize? An explanation
Full text linkNumerous experiments demonstrate attitude polarization. For instance, Lord, Ross & Lepper presented subjects with the same mixed evidence on the deterrent effect of the death penalty. Both believers and skeptics of its deterrent effect became more convinced of their views; that is, the population polarized. However, not all experiments find this attitude polarization. We propose a theory of rational updating that accounts for both the positive and negative experimental findings. This is in contrast to existing theories,
which predict either too much or too little polarization
Attitude polarization: theory and evidence
Full text linkNumerous experiments have demonstrated the possibility of attitude polarization.For instance, Lord, Ross & Leper (1979) found that death penalty advocates becamemore convinced of the deterrent e§ect of the death penalty while opponents becomemore convinced of the lack of a deterrent e§ect, after being presented with the samestudies. However, there is an unclear understanding of just what these experimentsshow and what their implications are. We argue that attitude polarization is consistentwith an unbiased evaluation of evidence. Moreover, attitude polarization is even to beexpected under many circumstances, in particular those under which experiments areconducted. We also undertake a critical re-examination of several well-known papers
Does the better -than- average effect show that people are overconfident?: two experiments
Full text linkWe conduct two experiments of the claim that people are overconfident, using newtests of overplacement that are based on a formal Bayesian model. Our two experi-ments, on easy quizzes, find overplacement. More precisely, we find apparently over-confident data that cannot be accounted for by a rational population of expected utilitymaximizers with a good understanding of the nature of the quizzes they took. The finding is of particular interest because Benoit and Dubra (2011) have shown that thevast majority of the existing findings on the better-than-average e§ect are actuallyconsistent with Bayesian updating
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