1,720,972 research outputs found
Psychological aspects of orthodontics in clinical practice. Part one: Treatment-specific variables
No full textThe orthodontist-patient relationship may have a significant impact on treatment outcome and patient satisfaction, thus improving the overall quality of care. Effective communication is crucial and unfortunately, it is often underestimated in a busy clinical practice. Aim of part one of this article is to review the psychological aspects that are relevant to a number of treatment variables in clinical orthodontics, including compliance with treatment, oral hygiene, management of orthodontic pain and discomfort, and oral habits. Due to the complex nature of the psychology of orthodontic treatment, it is difficult to determine the extent of the influence that the orthodontist-patient relationship may have on these variables, with effective communication and an awareness of the psychological issues playing an important role in enhancing the orthodontist-patient relationship. © 2011 Società Italiana di Ortodonzia SIDO
Fingers in mouths: from cause to management.
No full textDigit sucking is a habit that occurs in childhood and can lead to malocclusion if it persists for a long time. Understanding the cause and available management approaches for habit cessation can lead to more positive outcomes for clinicians, parents and children alike. Increasing clinicians' awareness of the causes and management of digit sucking behaviours can aid in their effective and systematic management, thereby reducing the risk of future malocclusion in some individuals
Psychological aspects of orthodontics in clinical practice. Part two: general psychosocial wellbeing.
No full textOrthodontists tend to treat/see their patients on a systematic, recurrent basis, often during crucial stages of psychological development. Therefore, they have a pivotal role in identifying a number of psychological as well as of psychiatric disorders. Effective communication is crucial and unfortunately, it is often underestimated in a busy clinical practice. Aim of part two of this article it to review the role clinical orthodontics and the orthodontist-patient relationship have on the patients' psychosocial wellbeing, including effects on self-esteem, bullying and harassment by peers, and even several psychiatric disorders, such as anorexia/bulimia nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders. Due to the complexity and importance of these issues, the orthodontist may play a dynamic role, not only in the management of dental malocclusions, but at times, as "psychologist" and a counselor to the patient
Efficacy of air/water syringe tip sterilization.
No full textBACKGROUND:
Dental procedures involve contact between instruments and the patient's tissues, blood or saliva. This study evaluated the efficacy of the standardized sterilization of non-disposable air/water syringe tips and corrosion and contaminant build-up in these tips.
METHODS:
The bacterial contamination of single-use and multiple-use non-disposable air/water syringe tips after routine use and sterilization was compared to that of single-use disposable tips by microbial culturing on PCA and blood agar plates. The effect of flushing the syringe tips prior to sterilization was also measured. The amount of corrosion in single-use and multiple-use non-disposable syringes was measured by SEM and EDS analyses.
RESULTS:
Non-disposable syringe tips had significantly (p < 0.05) greater bacterial contamination than single-use disposable tips. There were no statistically different levels of contamination between flushed and non-flushed non-disposable syringes or between single-use and multiple-use non-disposable syringes. SEM and EDS analyses showed greater evidence of corrosion and contaminant build-up in multiple-use syringes compared to single-use non-disposable syringes.
CONCLUSIONS:
Sterilization of non-disposable air/water syringes is not completely effective and rinsing, or the number of uses, does not affect the effectiveness of sterilization. There may be a lower risk of cross-infection from the use of disposable air/water syringe tips, instead of non-disposable ones
Orthodontic patient co-operation: A review of the clinician’s role in predicting and improving patient compliance
No full textSurvival analysis of orthodontic retainers
No full textObjective Retainers play a critical role in the long-term success of orthodontic treatment. The aims of this study were to evaluate the survival time of different retainers and to investigate the potential predictors of the retainer failures. Material and methods A total of 591 retainers from 309 patients (between 2003 and 2014) were included in the study, including Hawley retainers (n = 199), vacuum-formed retainers (n = 34), lingual fixed retainers (n = 278), and the COMBO (a combination of two different retainers in the same arch; n = 80). Patient's demographics, retention procedures, time to failure (survival time), and reasons for failures were extracted from patient files. Failure of retainer was defined as any events after which the retainers needed to be replaced or repaired; loss of retainer was treated as a failure because the retainer could not fulfil its role. Survival analyses were performed to compare the survival time between different retainer groups. Results The survival time was the longest for lingual fixed retainers (median 1604 days) and Hawley retainers (1529 days), followed by COMBO (258 days) and vacuum-formed retainers (105 days; overall P < 0.001). No statistical significance of survival time of lingual fixed retainers was found between maxilla (1497 days) and mandible (1604 days; P = 0.341), nor between different types of the COMBO (overall P = 0.078). These results were unchanged before and after adjusting for the age, gender, and socioeconomic status (SES) of the patients. The reasons for failures varied among different retainers: most failures of the Hawley retainers were lost' (52.0%), most failures of the lingual fixed retainers were debond (63.5%), and fracture was the most common cause of failure for both vacuum-formed retainers (43.5%) and the COMBO (41.9%). Conclusion Lingual fixed retainers and Hawley retainers had the longest survival times, followed by the COMBO retainers and vacuum-formed retainers. The reasons of failure were mainly mechanical (debond and fracture) and patient-related (loss)
Three-dimensional analysis of lip changes in response to simulated maxillary incisor advancement
No full textObjective: To assess the immediate response of lips in three dimensions (3D) resulting from simulated maxillary incisor advancement. Materials and Methods: Incremental maxillary incisor advancement was simulated by placing wax of increasing thickness (þ2 mm, þ4 mm, þ6 mm) on the incisors of 20 participants, and the induced lip changes were recorded using 3D stereophotogrammetry. The induced displacement of lip landmarks was quantified using 3D image analysis software. Data were analyzed using a repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) after adjusting for age and sex of the study participants. Results: A large interindividual variation in lip response to simulated incisor advancement was observed. A significant overall effect on 3D lip changes was found for increasing values of simulated incisor advancement (F 1⁄4 13.2; P, .001) as well as significant differences between anatomical landmarks of the lip (F 1⁄4 7.4; P, .01). Most points moved outward and anterosuperiorly, except the midpoint and corners of the lip. Greatest movement was observed in the sagittal plane, followed by the vertical and transverse planes. Conclusions: Maxillary incisor advancement significantly affects upper lip change in three planes of space: particularly the anteroposterior plane, in which the response to simulated advancement appears to be nonlinear
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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