1,720,956 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ventilation non invasive prophylactique puis curative : étude de la mécanique ventilatoire après résection pulmonaire en chirurgie thoracique
No full textIntroduction: lung resection surgery is a source of inflammation, atelectasis and postoperative complications, which can be prevented or treated by noninvasive ventilation (NIV). However, spontaneous ventilation at high tidal volumes above 8mL.kg-1 of predicted body weight (VT PBW) can lead to overdistension and high transpulmonary pressure, by decreasing the respiratory system’s compliance (Crs). The aim of this study was to compare the VT PBW of patients receiving NIV for acute respiratory failure (ARF) following lung resection at 3 stages: during prophylaxis, at the acme of hypoxemia, and then one hour after intubation (if it occurred). Methods: this retrospective cohort study included 21 patients between july 2016 and december 2017. Postoperative VT were estimated with Juhl & Frost formula and called VT anat. Results: Both VT PBW and VT anat were higher in curative NIV compared to prophylaxis (VT PBW =8.0 [6.5-10] versus 11.2 [9.9-12.7] mL.kg-1 and VT anat= 10.5 [8.5-12.2] versus 14.6 [12.116.3] mL.kg-1 (p0,05). Les patients ayant nécessité une intubation avaient, en VNI curative, une fréquence respiratoire significativement plus élevée (FR=34 [¬¬26 - 36] versus 26 [24 - 30], p=0,05) mais un rapport PaO2/FiO2 plus bas (105 [96; 112] versus 131 [112 ; 217] p=0,02). Chez ces mêmes patients la Crs était de 13 [12 ; 17] ml.cmH2O-1, traduisant une pression motrice élevée. Discussion : les VT en VNI curative étaient tous excessifs malgré de faibles niveaux d’aide réglés, traduisant probablement une surdistension pulmonaire. Conclusion : ce phénomène d’hyperventilation compensatoire en réponse à une détresse respiratoire aiguë sous VNI curative ne pourrait probablement être limité que par le recours à l’intubation et à la sédation plus précoce
Évaluation de l'élastance de la paroi thoracique chez les patients atteints de fibrose pulmonaire en attente de transplantation
No full textBackground: patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have low total lung capacities (TLC). Some of them can have severe and fixed chest wall retraction ; others regain the shape of their original rib cage once the lungs are removed. These 2 possibilities determine the size of the lung graft to be allocated but are not predictable with classical respiratory tests or computed tomography (CT) scan. Methods: we first measured chest wall elastance (Ecw) the day of lung transplantation (group 1). Respiratory mechanics was assessed with esophageal pressure. Surgeons selected lung donor size as usual. Secondary we measured Ecw during pre-transplant medical check-up, it was used for donor selection (group 2). Results: in group 1, 20 patients had pre-transplantation mean (± SD) aTLC /pTLC ratio of 54,3 ± 10.6% that was not correlated with Ecw. Mean time between first respiratory symptoms and transplantation, total theoretical lung capacity (PFTs) and CT scan fibrosis score were not correlated to Ecw. The amount of transplanted lung TLCtransplanted / pTLC was significantly correlated with Ecw (R2=0.43, p=0.003). Six patients required lung resection and they had significant higher Ecw. Moreover, patients with severe primary graft dysfunction had high level of Ecw. In group 2, 20 patients had safe pre-transplant Ecw measurement, it allowed to increase TLCtransplanted / pTLC from 79 ± 20 to 93 ± 18% p=0,023 with only 2 lung resections Conclusion: unlike medical history, preoperative TLC, and CT scan, Ecw correlates to the volume of the chest cavity once the fibrotic lungs have been removed. Ecw can be measured before transplantation to optimize size mismatch and lung resection.Introduction : les patients atteints de fibrose pulmonaire (FP) présentent un syndrome restrictif avec une faible capacité pulmonaire totale (CPT). Une partie de ces patients peut avoir une rétraction sévère de la cage thoracique pouvant être fixée après ablation des poumons fibrotiques, tandis qu’une autre partie retrouvera une cage thoracique de volume normal après la greffe. Ces deux cas de figure déterminent la taille du greffon pulmonaire pouvant être alloué, mais ne sont pas identifiables a priori aux épreuves fonctionnelles respiratoires ni à l’imagerie. Méthodes : dans un premier temps, nous avons mesuré l’élastance pariétale thoracique (Ecw) le jour de la transplantation pulmonaire (groupe 1) en utilisant la pression œsophagienne. Les chirurgiens sélectionnaient les greffons sur les critères habituels. Dans un second temps, nous avons mesuré l’Ecw au cours du bilan médical pré-transplantation (groupe 2), et celle-ci était utilisée par les chirurgiens dans la sélection des greffons. Résultats : dans le groupe 1, sur 20 patients, le ratio capacité pulmonaire totale (CPT) / capacité pulmonaire totale théorique (CPTth) moyen en pré-transplantation était de 54,3 ± 10,6%, et n’était pas corrélé à l’Ecw. La durée entre la date des premiers symptômes et la greffe, les épreuves fonctionnelles respiratoires (EFR) ou un score de fibrose évalué à l’imagerie n’étaient pas non plus corrélés à l’Ecw. La quantité de poumon transplantée, évaluée par le rapport (CPT) transplantée / CPTth moyen, était significativement corrélée à l’Ecw (R2=0.43, p=0.003). Six patients ont nécessité une résection pulmonaire, ils avaient une Ecw significativement plus élevée. De plus, les patients qui ont présenté une dysfonction primaire des greffons avaient également une Ecw élevée. Chez les 20 patients du groupe 2, l’Ecw a été mesurée avant la transplantation sans complications. Conclusion : contrairement à l’ancienneté de la maladie, à la CPT pré-transplantation ou à l’imagerie, l’élastance pariétale thoracique est corrélée au volume de la cage thoracique une fois les poumons fibrotiques explantés. L’élastance pariétale thoracique peut être aisément mesurée en pré-transplantation afin d’optimiser la sélection des greffons et éviter des résections per-opératoires sur les transplants
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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