17 research outputs found
Basaltic glass alteration in confined environment : analogy to nuclear waste glass geological repository.
No full textCette thèse porte sur les mécanismes et cinétiques d'altération des verres basaltiques. Par une meilleure compréhension des processus contrôlant la durabilité de ces verres, elle tente d'établir un lien entre les études de laboratoire et l'altération des verres volcaniques en milieu naturel. La méthodologie suivie reprend celle utilisée pour les verres nucléaires. Ainsi, nous mesurons pour la première fois la vitesse résiduelle d'altération des verres basaltiques. L'effet protecteur de la pellicule d'altération est clairement mis en évidence. Par ailleurs, la représentativité des verres synthétiques est évaluée par le biais d'une étude sur l'effet du degré d'oxydation du fer sur la structure et l'altération du verre. Un effet mineur de la teneur en FeII sur la vitesse initiale et un effet négligeable sur la vitesse résiduelle sont établis. La vitesse résiduelle a été extrapolée à 5°C et comparée à la vitesse d'altération moyenne de verres basaltiques d'âges compris entre 1900 et 107 ans. Les verres naturels non-zéolitisés s'inscrivent dans cette tendance linéaire, suggérant un contrôle de la vitesse à long terme par la précipitation de phases secondaires argileuses. Le milieu naturel étant ouvert, une étude paramétrique a été menée pour quantifier l'effet du débit d'eau sur la composition chimique de la couche d'altération. L'application des lois ainsi obtenues à deux échantillons naturels conduit à des résultats cohérents. Ainsi, il semble possible d'unifier l'approche descriptive issue des milieux naturels à celle, mécanistique, développée au laboratoire. L'étape suivante consistera à développer une modélisation pour transposer ces résultats aux verres nucléaires.This dissertation concerns basaltic glass alteration mechanisms and rates. Through a better understanding of the processes controlling the basaltic glass durability, this thesis attempts to establish a link between laboratory studies and volcanic glass alteration in natural environment. The methodology used here is similar to the one used for nuclear glasses. Thus, we measured for the first time the residual alteration rate of basaltic glasses. Protective effect of the alteration film is clearly established. Moreover, synthetic glass representativity is evaluated through a study focused on the effect of iron oxidation degree on the glass structure and leaching properties. A minor effect of FeII on the forward rate and a negligible effect on the residual rate are shown. The residual rate is extrapolated at 5°C and compared to the mean alteration rate of natural samples of ages ranging from 1900 to 107 years. Non-zeolitized natural glasses follow this linear tendency, suggesting a control of the long-term rate by clayey secondary phase precipitation. Natural environments are open environments: a parametric study was performed in order to quantify the water flow rate effect on chemical composition of the alteration layer. When applied to two natural samples, the obtained laws provide coherent results. It seems possible to unify the descriptive approach from the study of natural environments to the mechanistic approach developed at the laboratory. The next step will consist in developing a model to transpose these results to nuclear glasses
Contribution of water transport through basaltic glass to the long-term alteration rate
No full textInternational audienc
Long-Term Occurrence and Evolution of an Accelerated Alteration Rate for Nuclear Waste Glasses in Repository Conditions
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Effects of Al:Si and (Al+Na):Si ratios on the static corrosion of sodium‐boroaluminosilicate glasses
No full textInternational audienceUnderstanding alteration mechanisms of borosilicate glasses in aqueous media is essential to nuclear waste performance assessments to ensure radioisotopes are contained for extended durations. Aluminum is typically added to glass compositions to reduce the extent of alteration. However, previous work on 7-day durability tests has suggested that Al has a non-linear relationship with extent of alteration. The effects of Al:Si and (Al+Na):Si substitutions on glass durability were evaluated using series of glasses based on the International Simple Glass corroded in static conditions up to 13 months in deionized water at 90 °C. The alteration behavior was determined by measurement of element release in solution. The ⁓7-day alteration trends across the series were consistent with predicted trends. The 13 month results indicated overall alteration decreased as Al:Si ratios increased and was unaffected by changes in (Al+Na):Si except for the glass with the highest (Al+Na):Si ratio (ISG-A23N), which completely altered within 14 days. Frequent sampling and in-situ Raman measurements revealed ISG-A23N experienced several distinguishable alteration rate regimes within 7 days, forming a ⁓100 µm alteration layer and a NaSiAlO4 zeolite
Predicting initial dissolution rates using structural features from molecular dynamics simulations
No full textArticle states that predicting the chemical durability of glass materials is important for various applications from daily life such as cell phone screens and kitchenware to advanced technologies such as nuclear waste disposal and biomedicine. In this work, we explored the prediction of the initial glass dissolution rates using structural features from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for a series of glass compositions (total 28), including ZrO2- and V2O5-containing boroaluminosilicate, borosilicate, and aluminosilicate glasses
Application Of The Immobilized Low-Activity Waste Glass Corrosion Model To The Static Dissolution Of 24 Statistically-Designed Alkali-Borosilicate Waste Glasses
No full textGlass corrosion models that capture the complex mechanisms of the glass-water reaction enable the prediction of nuclear waste glass durability in disposal scenarios. Parameterization of such models is challenging because of the need to capture changes in corrosion behavior with time, reaction conditions, and glass composition. Here, we describe and employ the ILAW (immobilized low-activity waste) glass corrosion model (IGCM) in geochemical simulations of static dissolution tests, at two temperatures (40 °C and 90 °C), for a matrix of 24 enhanced low-activity waste (eLAW) glasses statistically designed to cover a processable composition space defined by 8 major glass components (Al2O3, B2O3, CaO, Na2O, SiO2, SnO2, ZrO2, and Others as defined in the text). The IGCM includes a first-order chemical affinity term and an ion-exchange term that represents the net exchange of Na+ ions in the pristine glass with protons in aqueous solution. Constant, time-dependent, and time- and pH-dependent functional forms of the ion-exchange term are evaluated to reproduce the change in corrosion behavior with time in saturated, static dissolution tests. The agreement with measured aqueous concentrations of the main glass components (B, Na, and Si) improved significantly upon addition of a time-dependent term, which therefore constitutes a simple representation of the glass-water reaction progress. Due to the limited changes in pH in the static dissolution tests, past a short initial period of rapid increase, addition of a pH-dependent term did not appreciably improve the fits, indicating that comprehensive model parameterization requires more than one type of glass corrosion test to capture a wide range of solution chemistries. IGCM parameters were found to be dependent on glass composition, and the parameter sets generated in this work will enable the development of composition–parameter correlation models that offer the promise of predicting IGCM parameters, and thus glass corrosion behavior, solely based on glass composition
