1,720,952 research outputs found
Kneeling function following total knee arthroplasty
Full text linkThe ability to kneel is an important function of the knee joint, as it is required
for many daily activities, including religious practices, professional
occupations and recreational pursuits. The inability to kneel following total
knee arthroplasty (TKA) is frequently a source of disappointment. This work
investigates patients’ understanding of the term ‘kneeling’ and what
proportion of patients can kneel before and after TKA, as well as identifying
the factors that can affect the ability to kneel following TKA. The underlying
hypothesis tested was: “There are no differences between kneeling ability
before and after TKA”.
Kneeling ability after TKA may be affected by many factors, including patient-specific
factors, the extent of wear on RPC (Retro patellar Cartilage), postoperative
AKP (Anterior Knee Pain) and post-operative ROM (Range of
Motion). Thus a consecutive series of TKA patients were assessed to test the
afore-mentioned hypothesis. In particular, the thesis has examined:
• Interpretation of kneeling and perceptions of kneeling ability after
TKA.
• The extent of wear on Retro Patellar Cartilage (RPC) and its
correlation to kneeling ability.
• Sensory changes in the knee after TKA.
• Preoperative and Postoperative Anterior Knee Pain (AKP)
assessment.
• The reality of kneeling ability before and after TKA.
• Postoperative ROM of the knee and its correlation to kneeling
function.
The advice offered by healthcare professionals may contribute to a low postoperative
rate of kneeling. The patellofemoral joint plays an essential role in
knee function and a person’s kneeling ability, may be greatly affected by the
performance of this joint.
Firstly, this study analysed the responses of two samples of participants
drawn from diverse cultural backgrounds (Christian and Muslim), it examined
their primary interpretation of what kneeling constitutes, along with a
subjective assessment of the importance of kneeling in their everyday lives.
Secondly, it explored patients’ perceptions of their kneeling ability after TKA,
with a comparative analysis of their responses to the kneeling questionnaire
specifically constructed by the author and also the question in relation to
kneeling in the Oxford Knee Score (OKS). The third component investigated
retro-patellar cartilage (RPC) morphology using intraoperative examination
and standardised photography. Fourthly, a cohort of patients listed for TKAs
was followed prospectively, in order to assess their kneeling ability prior to
and following treatment, along with identifying the factors that could affect
this function, i.e. knee pain, range of motion, sensory changes and sensitivity
to pain on the anterior aspect of the knee as assessed with dolorimetry.
Differences were detected in the subjective interpretation of the kneeling
function, as well as its importance, for the two diverse cultures involved in
this study.
Pain, as opposed to poor range of movement, was identified as the main
reason which led to kneeling difficulties. The majority of respondents
reported that it was either extremely difficult or impossible to kneel on the
operated knee. The high flexed position (required for prayer in certain
cultures) was the most difficult position to achieve for most of the patients.
Prior to surgery, 30 patients were seen during this period, 15 (50%) out of 30
consecutive patients were unable to kneel in any position whatsoever. Of
those who could kneel to some degree, the most common posture that they
could achieve was the upright kneeling position.
Considerable variations were found to occur in patients’ understanding of the
term ‘kneeling’. Consequently, this has significant implications for the design
and interpretation of questions in relation to kneeling for diverse cultures,
which are characterised by distinct lifestyles. The current patient-based selfV
administered questionnaires, such as the OKS, although useful as a simple
measure of overall knee function, were found to have limitations as an
effective assessment tool in the measurement of kneeling function either
before or after TKA and indicate that there is a need for a culturally
appropriate questionnaire to assess kneeling function.
Retro-patellar cartilage lesions were very prevalent in patients undergoing
TKA. However, no significant correlation existed between the total amount of
retro-patellar cartilage wear and the ability to kneel. Patients were more likely
to be able to kneel if the cartilage of the superior facets of the patella were
disease free (P=0.02).
At the six months post-surgery stage, of the 14 consecutive patients, who
could kneel pre-operatively 6 were able to kneel post-operatively. Of the 13
consecutive patients who were unable to kneel pre-operatively, all were
unable to kneel post-operatively. Knee pain was the main reason attributed
to this difficulty. However, no link was found to occur between sensory
changes and kneeling function in the patients who participated in the study,
after TKA performed via an anterior midline incision
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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