1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Nanostructured Metal Oxide Semiconductor Gas Sensor
No full textGas sensors play a vital role in today’s world; be it in pollution monitoring, breath analysis, food quality monitoring or in agriculture. A variety of methods are being explored to develop reliable gas sensor systems such as optical, acoustic, electrochemical and chemical. Among these methods of gas detection, the chemical gas sensors based on conductometric change of the sensing materials; mainly semiconducting metal oxides, are gaining much attention due to their simplicity, easy fabrication and low cost. However, the metal-oxide based gas sensors still pose issues in terms of cross-sensitivity, reproducibility, and sensor life.
Researchers have explored many avenues including processing methods, nanostructuring and doping to develop reliable metal oxide gas sensors. Gas sensors based on nanostructures of metal oxides have shown a lot of promise due to their high surface to volume ratio; high surface energies and specificity of crystallographic planes. The scope of this thesis is to explore different fabrication methods for developing nanodimensional gas sensors which meet the figures of merit namely sensitivity, selectivity and stability. Furthermore, an effort is also made to develop a low cost and low power sensor array platform on a flexible substrate, using CMOS processes, to enable the application of these gas sensors in wearable electronics.
In this thesis, plasma oxidation of different metallic structures to form metal-metal oxide core-shell type sensors is investigated for achieving the best hydrogen sulfide sensor. Platinum, widely known for its catalytic nature, is plasma oxidized at optimum conditions to fabricate Pt-PtOx core-shell nanowire sensor. The Pt-PtOx sensor shows degradation in response when used for H2S sensing, which is due to surface contamination by the sulphur species. To recover the sensor, deep ultra-violet light (UV) treatment is studied as a promising recovery method for sulphur contaminated sensor surfaces. Further, plasma oxidation of tungsten nanodiscs decorated W nanowire is carried out to achieve high sensitive H2S sensor with fast response and recovery times and good response repeatability over a study span of 6 months. The nanostructured W-WOx nanowire sensor is highly selective towards H2S with low order of detection of 10 ppb which is one of the lowest values reported in literature. The tungsten nanodiscs are patterned using electron beam lithography process which is known to be expensive and time consuming. Thus, an effort is also made to integrate the inexpensive process such as colloidal lithography to pattern the
nanostructures on the metal nanowires, later plasma oxidized to form the core shell sensor. Colloidal lithography assisted nanostructure-based palladium-palladium oxide sensor is
fabricated and tested for sensing of H2S gas. The fabricated sensor shows a detection limit of 10 ppb but lacks its performance in terms of high response and high selectivity when compared to nanostructured W-WOx sensor. In summary, plasma oxidation of metallic structures is explored to fabricate H2S gas sensors, with low order of gas detection of 10 ppb. The surface poisoning during H2S sensing is tackled through UV exposure to recover the sulphur poisoned sensors. Colloidal lithography is investigated for fabricating nanostructures as an inexpensive alternate for electron beam lithography. Thus, we believe that plasma oxidation of metallic structures and nanostructuring using colloidal lithography are two important methods which need to be explored further to develop gas sensors which meet the SSS figure of merit with low cost fabrication methodology.
We also explored a low cost and low temperature process for synthesizing nanostructured metal oxide through microwave radiation. Microwave synthesis of NiO is optimized for detection of NO2 resulting in room temperature response all the way down to 200 ppb.
In sensor community the manufacturing cost of gas sensors which is a big concern has led to the exploration of new substrates to fabricate sensors. Motivated by this we developed a sensor array platform with integrated microheater on flexible and low-cost plastic substrate using CMOS compatible fabrication processes. The sensor array consisted of four sensors with individually controlled microheater deposited on nanogap created using electromigration process. Due to flexible nature of substrate, the bending angle dependent microheater characteristics and sensing performance show the potential of the sensor platform in low power wearable electronics
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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