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Legitimidad democrática y constitucional de las modificaciones implícitas a la constitución por parte de la jurisprudencia constitucional en Colombia
No full text33 páginasConstitutional mutations or implicit changes to the Constitution arisen as a
result of constitutional case law, have not been widely studied by the national
doctrine despite of their theoretical and pragmatic implications. Therefore,
this article ¿which is a product of the research line: Constitutional Justice
and Practical Philosophy of Sabana University School of Law¿ tries to offer
a general perspective about constitutional mutations, as well as, their limits
and effects in Colombia. The author takes the democratic and constitutional
legitimacy of some constitutional mutations as a reference point in order to
argue that one of the limits of these implicit changes ¿at least from the dogmatic
part of the Constitution¿ is the non regressivity when it comes to the protection
and guarantee of the minorities´ rights, because by means of this premise (i)
some constitutional principles are fulfilled, and (ii) the aforementioned limit
goes hand in hand with the concept of democracy in the substantial view
defended by Luigi Ferrajoli.Las mutaciones constitucionales o cambios implícitos en la Constitución
cristalizados por medio de la jurisprudencia constitucional, no han sido suficientemente
abordados por la doctrina nacional, a pesar de sus implicaciones
teóricas y prácticas. Este artículo de investigación ¿que es producto de la línea
de investigación Justicia Constitucional y Filosofía Práctica, de la Facultad de
Derecho de la Universidad de La Sabana¿ pretende ofrecer una perspectiva
general sobre las mutaciones constitucionales jurisprudenciales, sus límites
y efectos en el caso colombiano. Para lograr lo anterior, el autor toma como
punto de referencia la legitimidad democrática y constitucional de algunas de
las mutaciones constitucionales jurisprudenciales introducidas por la Corte
Constitucional colombiana y sostiene que uno de los límites de las mutaciones
constitucionales (al menos de la parte dogmática de la Constitución) es la no
regresividad en la garantía y protección de derechos de las minorías, en la
medida en que por esa vía (i) se cumplen algunos principios constitucionales,
y (ii) se armoniza el concepto de democracia en sentido sustancial, defendido
por Luigi Ferrajoli con el límite propuesto
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Juízes e democracia: entre Ulisses e os cantos de sereias
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the democratic legitimacy of the decisions of the Colombian Constitutional Court regarding the judicial review of constitutional amendments. To achieve this goal, the author studies different approaches from political philosophy in the American doctrine, noting that the concept of democracy will have a great impact on the possibility of unconstitutional amendments. Thus, for a democratic substantial approach, there are certain values, -implied or not-, that cannot be modified and which must be safeguarded by the Constitutional Court. By contrast, from a popular democratic perspective, the existence of limits to the amendments, and their defense by a judge, unduly restricts popular participation and people’s sovereignty. Finally, the article concludes with a proposal for judicial review that reconciles the substantive values typical of a constitutional state, with the expansion of popular democratic spaces.El presente escrito analiza la legitimidad democrática de las decisiones de la Corte Constitucional colombiana en relación con el control de constitucionalidad sobre reformas constitucionales. Para lograr ese objetivo, se estudian las diversas aproximaciones que desde la filosofía política ha realizado la doctrina norteamericana, destacando que el concepto de democracia tendrá una incidencia fundamental sobre la posibilidad de que un juez declare inconstitucional una enmienda. Así, para una visión democrática sustancial, existen ciertos valores -sean explícitos o no- que no pueden ser modificados y que a su vez deben ser salvaguardados por el Tribunal Constitucional. Por el contrario, para una perspectiva democrática popular, la existencia de límites a las enmiendas, así como su defensa por parte un juez, coartan indebidamente la participación popular y la soberanía que reside en el pueblo. Finalmente, el artículo concluye con una propuesta de control constitucional que permite conciliar los valores sustanciales que identifican a un Estado constitucional, con la ampliación de espacios de participación democrática popular.Le présent texte analyse la légitimité démocratique des décisions de la Cour Constitutionnelle colombienne relatives au contrôle de constitutionalité sur les reformes constitutionnelles. Afin d’atteindre cet objectif, l’auteur étudiera les différentes approches réalisées depuis la philosophie politique par la doctrine nord américaine, en mettant en évidence que le concept de démocratie aura un impact fondamental sur la possibilité qu’aurait un juge de déclarer l’inconstitutionnalité de certains amendements. Ainsi, selon une vision démocratique substantielle, il existe certaines valeurs – explicites ou non – qui ne peuvent être modifiées et doivent être protégées par la Cour Constitutionnelle. Au contraire, selon une perspective démocratique populaire l’existence de limites aux amendements, ainsi que leur défense par le juge, restreignent excessivement la participation populaire et la souveraineté du peuple. Finalement, l’article fait une proposition d’un contrôle constitutionnel permettant de concilier les valeurs substantielles qui identifient un État constitutionnel avec l’expansion d’espaces de participation démocratique populaire.Este artigo analisa a legitimidade democrática das decisões da Corte Constitucional colombiana em relação à revisão judicial sobre as reformas constitucionais. Para atingir este objetivo, estudamos as várias abordagens que, desde a filosofia política, tem feito a doutrina norteamericana, lembrando que o conceito de democracia terá um impacto fundamental sobre a possibilidade de que um juiz declarou inconstitucional uma emenda. Assim, para uma visão democrática substancial, há certos valores, seja expressa ou não, que não podem ser modificados e que por sua vez devem ser salvaguardados pelo Tribunal Constitucional. Por outro lado, de uma perspectiva democrática e popular, a existência de limites sobre as alterações e sua defesa por um juiz, restringir indevidamente a participação popular e a soberania reside.no povo. Finalmente, o artigo conclui com uma proposta de controle constitucional que permita conciliar valores substanciais que identificam um estado constitucional, com a extensão de espaços populares para a participação democrática
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Beyond Invalidation: Unorthodox Forms of Judicial Review of Constitutional Amendments and Constitution-amending Case Law in Colombia
No full textJudicial invalidation of constitutional amendments has garnered the attention of scholars in the last few years. Questions like whether and how a court should quash an amendment are at the forefront of contemporary comparative-constitutional-law and constitutional-theory inquiries. This excessive focus on annulment, however, has neglected some other nonconventional forms of judicial involvement regarding amendments. Taking Colombia as a case study, this article shows that the Constitutional Court has also had the power to initiate amendments, define their content, rewrite their text, and promulgate them. As these novel judicial interventions that go beyond invalidation resemble the prerogatives commonly vested on the amendment power, this research terms them ‘constitution-amending case law’, offers an in-depth exploration of them, and proposes a typology of such a jurisprudence. Lastly, the article ends with a cautionary note about the challenges this type of constitution-amending case law faces from the perspective of democracy and democratic backsliding.
¿Con un poco de ayuda del pueblo¿: Actio popularis y la política de revisión judicial de las reformas constitucionales en Colombia 1955-1990
No full text20 páginasThis article examines the reasons behind the consolidation of the Supreme Court of
Colombia¿s authority during the second half of the twentieth century as the ultimate umpire of amendments¿ constitutionality. After analyzing the case law of the Supreme Court
between 1955 and 1990 and the political environment in which it rendered its decisions,
the article claims that the Court managed to cement its power to review amendments thanks
to the presence of a novel constitutional experiment, as well as to the existence of certain
political conditions. With respect to the first factor, an actio popularis (by which any citizen
had the right to petition the Court and challenge the constitutionality of legislation) granted
the Supreme Court a constant flow of cases that allowed it to entertain and adjudicate on citizens¿ petitions questioning the constitutionality of amendments. Regarding the latter factor,
democracy and political pluralism gave the Court some room to quietly consolidate its jurisdiction to review amendments and, eventually, quash some of them. The article concludes
with a cautionary note on the success of actio popularis and the doctrine of unconstitutional
constitutional amendments as deployed by the Supreme Court.Este artículo examina las razones detrás de la consolidación de la autoridad de la Corte Suprema de Justicia de Colombia durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX como el máximo árbitro de la constitucionalidad de las reformas. Luego de analizar la jurisprudencia de la Corte Suprema entre 1955 y 1990 y el ambiente político en el que dictó sus decisiones, el artículo sostiene que la Corte logró cimentar su poder de revisión de reformas gracias a la presencia de un novedoso experimento constitucional, así como en cuanto a la existencia de ciertas condiciones políticas. Con respecto al primer factor, una actio popularis(por el cual cualquier ciudadano tenía derecho a presentar una petición ante la Corte e impugnar la constitucionalidad de la legislación) otorgó a la Corte Suprema un flujo constante de casos que le permitieron conocer y fallar sobre las peticiones de los ciudadanos que cuestionaban la constitucionalidad de las enmiendas. Con respecto a este último factor, la democracia y el pluralismo político le dieron a la Corte cierto espacio para consolidar tranquilamente su jurisdicción para revisar las enmiendas y, eventualmente, anular algunas de ellas. El artículo concluye con una nota de advertencia sobre el éxito de la actio popularis y la doctrina de las reformas constitucionales inconstitucionales desplegadas por la Corte Suprema
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