1,720,961 research outputs found
L’identificazione e altre internalizzazioni
No full textQuesto testo è inteso prevalentemente per lo studente universitario che voglia conoscere gli sviluppi della psicoanalisi contemporanea.
Freud distingueva ciò che è possibile trasmettere in ambito universitario alla psicoanalisi cioè informare, da ciò che non è possibile, cioè formare, almeno non attraverso lezioni frontali. All’Università è possibile informare su la psicoanalisi ma non formare in psicoanalisi. Questo libro vuole essere un contributo affinché lo studente possa almeno apprendere qualcosa “circa la psicoanalisi”, come auspicato da Freud. L’Autore si attiene principalmente al pensiero neofreudiano, rifacendosi in particolare al lavoro clinico e teorico di Joseph Sandler, uno psicoanalista allievo di Anna Freud, che ha grandemente contribuito ad avvicinare il modello psicoanalitico strutturale con la teoria delle relazioni oggettuali. Joseph Sandler (insieme alla moglie Anne-Marie) è stato uno dei principali artefici della cosiddetta quiet revolution, che (senza il “narcisismo delle piccole differenze”, e senza l’enfasi magniloquente così diffusa tra gli autori psicoanalitici), ha portato la psicoanalisi verso una psicologica clinica dei sentimenti e dell’adattamento intrapsichico. Il progetto di questo “commentario” è di fornire un quadro descrittivo, sulla base di questo modello psicoanalitico, dei principali funzionamenti della mente e di come questi processi si intreccino
per strutturare l’identità personale
Functional Neuroimaging of Breastfeeding Analgesia by Multichannel Near-Infrared Spectroscopy
No full textNewborns perceive pain, and several non- pharmacologic analgesic methods have been used during painful procedures. Activation of the neonatal somatosen- sory cortex, in association with a painful procedure without analgesia, has been demonstrated by two-channel near-in- frared spectroscopy (NIRS). Objectives: To evaluate both cortical and behavioural responses of healthy term new- borns to a painful procedure during two non-pharmacolog- ic analgesic interventions, i.e. glucose solution and breast- feeding. Methods: The effects of glucose and breastfeeding on pain-associated neonatal cortical activity were studied in two groups (n = 30) by multichannel NIRS during a heel prick. Cortical activation was identified by variations in oxygenat- ed haemoglobin. Neonatal pain expression was assessed by a validated scale. Results: No significant variations in cortical activity emerged using glucose solution, whereas breastfed newborns showed widespread cortical activation. Breastfed neonates showed significantly less behavioural pain expres- sion. Conclusions: Glucose is associated with no significant
cortical activation and may interfere with pain-associated re- sponse at the cortical level. Conversely, breastfeeding anal- gesia is associated with generalized cortical activation and may act by multisensory stimulation, possibly overwhelm-
ing pain perceptio
Longitudinal responses to weighing and bathing procedures in preterm infants.
No full textKnowledge of the effects of nursing-induced stress on short-term outcomes in preterm infants is limited. Effects of 2 standard nursing procedures-weighing and bathing-on autonomic and motor stability of preterm infants were studied during their hospitalization. Outcomes were evaluated during and after the procedures. Eleven preterm infants were observed between 32 and 35 weeks' post-menstrual age (PMA) (postnatal days range: 4-63). Neonatal responses were assessed according to the Synactive Theory of Development and nursing was performed taking into account Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program (NIDCAP) principles. Effects of the studied nursing procedures on infants' stability during and after their execution were evaluated by non-parametric statistics. During monitored procedures, stress responses in autonomic and motor systems were observed at all PMAs. However, after 32 weeks' PMA, preterm infants also showed an autonomic and motor stability recovery 5 minutes after procedure completion. Contrary to our hypothesis, preterm infants showed to be stressed by weighing and bathing procedures up to 35 weeks' PMA. However, if facilitated and supported after nursing conclusion by interventions such as swaddling and nesting, according to NIDCAP principles, they recovered autonomic and motor stability by 5 minutes after ending procedures
Validation of the italian translation of the affective neuroscience personality scales
Full text linkSummary.-The theoretical perspective on affective neuroscience advanced by Panksepp, identified six basic innate affective systems: the SEEK, FEAR, ANGER, SADNESS, PLAY, and CARE systems. (3) It has been proposed that the fundamental elements of human personality and its variants may be based on the different expressions of these basic emotional systems and their combinations. A self-report inventory, the Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS), has been devised with the aim of studying and evaluating personality from this perspective. This study reports data on the initial validation of ANPS Italian translation on a sample of 418 adult participants. Descriptive statistics for each scale were calculated, assessing also their internal consistency, as a measure of reliability and factorial validity. Acceptable internal consistency was found in all but one scale (SADNESS), and a second-order factor analysis identified a more general affective feature of personality hinging on relational characteristics, independent of the dimensions of general positive and negative affect
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effects of Prone and Supine Position on Cerebral Blood Flow in Preterm Infants
No full textWe evaluated the effect of prone and supine position on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in stable preterm infants. CBF, PO2, and PCO2 were measured in the two positions. Peripheral oxygenation increased and CBF decreased in prone position. We speculate that CBF autoregulation may compensate for increased peripheral oxygenation, by decreasing CBF
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