322,933 research outputs found
Duality and completeness for US-logics
No full textThe semantics of e-models for tense logics with binary operators for ‘until’ and ‘since’ (US-logics) was introduced by Bellissima and Bucalo in 1995. In this paper we show the adequacy of these semantics by proving a general Henkin-style completeness theorem. Moreover, we show that for these semantics there holds a Stone-like duality theorem with the algebraic structures that naturally arise from US-logics. © 1998 by the University of Notre Dame. All rights reserved
Minimal Axiomatization in Modal Logic
No full textWe consider the problem of finding, in the ambit of modal logic, a minimal characterization for finite Kripke frames, i.e., a formula which, given a frame, axiomatizes its theory employing the lowest possible number of variables and implies the other axiomatizations. We show that every finite transitive frame admits a minimal characterization over K4, and that this result can not be extended to K
Finite trees in Tense Logic
No full textIn this paper we show the adequacy of tense logic with unary operators for dealing with finite trees. We prove that models on finite trees can be characterized by tense formulas, and describe an effective method to find an axiomatization of the theory of a given finite tree in tense logic. The strength of the characterization is shown by proving that adding the binary operators "Until" and "Since" to the language does not result in a better description than that given by unary tense logic; although the greater expressive power of "Until" and "Since" can be exploited by using the semantics of e-frames instead of traditional Kripke semantics. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Minimal p-morphic images, axiomatizations and coverings in the modal logic K4
No full textWe define the concepts of minimal p-morphic image and basic p-morphism for transitive Kripke frames. These concepts are used to determine effectively the least number of variables necessary to axiomatize a tabular extension of K4, and to describe the covers and co-covers of such a logic in the lattice of the extensions of K4. © 1999 Kluwer Academic Publishers
Post complete and 0-axiomatizable modal logics
No full textThe study of dual spaces of finitely generated free algebras over equational classes of modal algebras or Heyting algebras provides a tool which permits the resolution in a uniform way of a considerable number of otherwise disconnected problems, which concern normal modal logics and intermediate logics (see, as regards the former, [8] and [2], and, as regards the latter, [3] and [4]). In the present paper we study the O-canonical models for the propositional normal modal logics, which are, up to isomorphism, the dual spaces of the free algebras without generators over the equational classes of modal algebras. This analysis allows us, via a result due to Makinson-Segerberg, to determine in a rather visualizable way the Post numbers of all the propositional normal modal logics which are standard in the literature; moreover it allows us to solve the problem of finding, for each cardinal number (Y such that 1s (YG 2%, the cardinality of the set of logics whose Post number is CY. Finally, we investigate the lattice A’(K) of the modal logics which are axiomatizable by means of formulas without propositional variables; among other things, we show that A’(K) is not dually strongly atomic and contains a sublattice isomorphic to (R , S) . All these results strengthen the impression of the great complexity of the lattice A(K) of all normal modal logics
Il sistema assiomatico deduttivo degli Elementi Armonici di Aristosseno
No full textGli Elementi Armonici di Aristosseno sono tra i testi di teoria musicale più noti e ciò, per quanto riguarda i moderni, è dovuto al fatto che in molti hanno visto nella scala diatonica aristossenica una anticipazione della scala temperata. L'intento degli Elementi Armonici è molto generale e consiste nell'applicazione della teoria della scienza aritotelica alla costruzione di un sistema assiomatico delle scale musicali. Nella nostra indagine dimostriamo l'adeguatezza di tale sistema di assiomi costruendo ex novo una teoria logico-formale a partire da essi
Bellissima: L'Italia dell'alta moda 1945-1968
No full textUn riflessione sul concept della mostra "Bellissima: L'Italia dell'alta moda 1945-1968" a cura di Maria Luisa Frisa, Anna Mattirolo e Stefano Tonchi che inaugura al MAXXI di Roma a fine novembre 2014
Bellissima: Italy and High Fashion 1945-1968
No full textLa mostra è la quarta tappa di "Bellissima" a cura di Maria Luisa Frisa, Anna Mattirolo, Stefano Tonchi e Gabriele Monti (curatore associato), allestita a NSU Art Museum Fort Lauderdale (Florida, USA), dal 7 febbraio al 5 giugno 2016. La mostra è un progetto di MAXXI in collaborazione con NSU Art Museum Fort Lauderdale, Bulgari, ICE Istituto per il Commercio con l'Estero, Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico. L'allestimento utilizza in questa tappa come immagine di riferimento una fotografia di Federico Garolla ai Fori Imperiali di Roma e il concept utilizza un'interpretazione astratta/stereotipata del colosseo per costruire il percorso espositivo della mostra
Cyana bellissima
No full text<i>Cyana bellissima</i> (Moore, 1878) <p>(Figs 118, 119, 214–218, 275)</p> <p> <i>Bizone bellissima</i> Moore, 1878, <i>Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London</i> 1878: 27, pl. 3, fig. 13 (Type locality: [N India, Uttarakhand, Mussoorie] “Masuri, N.W. Himalaya”).</p> <p> <b>Type material examined.</b> <b>Lectotype</b> (designated herein): ♂, handwritten label “ Masuri N.W. Himalaya Hutton ” / printed label “Moore Coll. 94–106” / printed round label with a red circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010597959” (Coll. NHMUK).</p> <p> <b>Other material examined</b>. <b>UTTARAKHAND</b>: 16 ♂, 1 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, Bhim- Tal, 1500 m, leg. de Freina, 12.VI.–3.VII.1971 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 45 ♂, 9 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 15–20.IX.1976, leg. F. Smetaсek, slides MWM 34436 (♂), MWM 34438 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 15 ♂, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. Smetaсek, 12–30.VI.1979 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 8 ♂, 4 ♀, N-India, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 14–30.VII.1979, coll. Dr. Liedgens (Coll. MWM / ZSM); <b>SIK-</b> <b>KIM</b>: 1 ♀, Sikkim, IX.1909, F. Moller, 1910–140 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Gangtok, 4.VI.2003, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Sikkim, Mangan, 12.V.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Lachen, 13.V.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Dodak, 7.V.2014, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Sikkim, Dodak, 21.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, India, Sikkim, Chungthang, 28.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 20.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZ- SI); <b>WEST BENGAL</b>: 1 ♂, Darjeeling, Dr. Lidderdale, 79–54 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Gopaldhara, Sikkim (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK); 3 ♂, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3440–5800’ (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♀, Gopaldhara, Mirik, Sikkim (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3440–5800’ (H. Stevens) / Slg. Daniel, slide MWM 34437 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♀, India, West Bengal, Darjeeling, 27.V.2013, leg. Singh & Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI); <b>MEGHALAYA:</b> 1 ♀, Coll. 657 Khasi Hills (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Pynursla, 11.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Nehu, 8.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Umkiang, 28.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Jowai, 16.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Jowai, 21.IX.1994, leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Meghalaya, Ialong, 18.IX.2015, leg. Kumar Kaustubh (Coll. NZCZSI); <b>ARUNACHAL PRADESH:</b> 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Sessa, 11.V.2013, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Naharlagun, 28.IV.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Poma, 29.IV.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 4.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 4 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 4.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Daporijo, 7.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); <b>NAGALAND:</b> 1 ♂, India, Nagaland, Kohima, 23.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Nagaland, Zakhama, 25.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI).</p> <p> <b>Remark.</b> In the original description, Moore (1878) did not mention a number of specimens, thus, the existence of syntypes is probable. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as “Type” as lectotype.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Forewing length is 19–20.5 mm in males and 25–26 mm in females. The species is variable in the size and shape of black spots on male forewing (in some specimens two distal spots may be connected), and in the ornamentation of its vesica: in all specimens dissected only ventral subbasal cluster of spinules is stable in size, whereas the smaller medial and distal clusters vary in size and one of them may be absent (Figs 214–218). <i>Cyana bellissima</i> is related to the <i>arama–distincta</i> complex, but differs from the related species by its red ante- and postmedial lines and red hindwings. In addition, in male two distal black spots are usually separated (rarely they are connected, but not completely), and the subterminal line is very broad, shade-like, whereas in the related species the distal spots are fused into a large, comma-shaped dash, and the antemedial line is narrow. The male genital capsule of <i>C. bellissima</i> differs from those of related species by its broader valva with the broader distal section of valva and distal saccular process. The aedeagus of <i>C. bellissima</i> is narrower than those of related species, and has elongated coecum (also well-expressed in <i>C. distincta</i>). The vesica structure of <i>C. bellissima</i> is similar to that of the <i>arama–distincta</i> complex, but the subbasal ventral cluster of spinules is evenly broad, the dorsal diverticulum is strongly narrowed distally, the distal cluster of spinules is smaller, and the medial cluster of spinules is usually present (that is always absent in the related species). The female genitalia of <i>C. bellissima</i> differ from those of the <i>arama–distincta</i> complex by the smaller signum bursae and the smaller bulla.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> North and North East India (Smetacek 2008; Singh <i>et al.</i> 2014), Nepal (Kishida 1993; 1994), Myanmar (Hampson 1900), China (Guangxi, Yunnan, Tibet) (Fang 2000), Thailand (including northern Malay Peninsula), Laos and Vietnam (Černý & Pinratana 2009).</p>Published as part of <i>Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1)</i> on pages 44-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3672439">http://zenodo.org/record/3672439</a>
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