1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Distributions et structures spatiales au sein de systèmes en patchs hiérarchiques dynamiques : mise en évidence des relations spatiales espèce-environnement à échelles multiples
No full textThe identification of relevant spatial scales in organism-environment relationships is a key step in the
understanding of an ecosystem. To study this concern, the hierarchical patch dynamic theory offers a unique
concept to relate the ecological processes, patterns and scales. Based on this theory, we approach the identification
of relevant spatial scale in organism-environment relationships, with the intention to explicitly
account for the spatial component of ecological processes. From the comparison between the PCNM method
and the geostatistical approach applied to spruce’s defoliation caused by spruce budworm in Ontario (Canada),
the geostatistical approach is more efficient to identify relevant spatial scale in organism-environment
relationships. Even so, to answer the question of significance of identified scales, we developed a Monte-Carlo
test for nested variogram models. However classical geostatistics could be difficult to use with ecological data
which have positive, skewed distribution. To consider this problem, we developed a hierarchical model associated
to geostatistics and applied it to modelling spatial distribution of auks (Uria spp) in the Bay of
Biscay. Tree levels of patches were characterized : a very broad scale patch (200 km), broad scale patches (50
km) and fine scale patches (10 km). The spatio-temporal analysis of links between auk distribution and the
oceanographic landscape discriminates between the ”process variables” which feature a stable link in term
of sign and correlation among time and ”circumstance variables” which have unstable link. At very broad
scale, the surface salinity, the mixed layer depth and the chlorophyll a, could be view as ”process variables”
which have been used to define the potential habitat of auks during the wintering season. At broad scale,
only chlorophyll a is selected as a process variable, giving a path to model preferential habitats. These two
kinds of habitats can then be connected to different levels of a hierarchical patch dynamic syste
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Distributions et structures spatiales au sein de systèmes en patchs hiérarchiques dynamiques (mise en évidence des relations spatiales espèce-environnement à échelles multiples)
No full textL identification des echelles spatiales pertinentes dans l etude des interactions espèces-environnement est indispensable pour avoir une meilleure compréhension du fonctionnement des ecosystèmes. Pour aborder cette probl ematique la théorie des patchs hiérarchiques offre un principe unificateur permettant de relier les concepts de processus ecologiques, de pattern et d echelles. La mise en evidence des différentes echelles de structuration des organismes et des liens avec leur environnement a eté abordée en se basant sur cette théorie et avec la volonté de prendre en compte de manière explicite la composante spatiale du processus etudié. A partir de la comparaison entre la PCNM et les géostatistiques, appliquées aux d efoliations caus ees par une chenille tordeuse de bourgeons sur les epineux de l Ontario (Canada), les g eostatistiques sont apparues plus efficaces dans l identification des relations especes-environnement a différentes echelles. Restait la question de la significativite des echelles identifiées, pour cela un test par simulation Monte-Carlo a eté d eveloppé pour les modèles de variogrammes emboıtés. Cependant, les géostatistiques classiques peuvent etre difficile a utiliser avec des donn ees ecologiques pr esentant des distributions discrètes et fortement dissymétriques.Pour palier ces difficultés, un modèle hiérarchique couplé aux géostatistiques a eté développé et appliqué a la modélisation de la distribution des guillemots (Uria spp) dans le golfe de Gascogne. Trois niveaux de structuration spatiale ont etécaractérisés : un pattern à très large echelle (200 km), un pattern a moyenne echelle (50 km) et un pattern a fine echelle (10 km). L analyse spatio-temporelle des liens nous a permis de distinguer deux types de variables : les variables de processus pour lesquelles le lien est stable en terme de corr elation et de signe au cours du temps ; et les variables de circonstances pour lesquelles le lien n est pas stable. A très large échelle, nous avons identifié trois variables de processus : la salinité de surface, la profondeur de la couche de mélange et la chlorophylle a, qui nous permettent de modéliser l habitat potentiel des guillemots. A moyenne echelle, seule la chlorophylle est reconnue comme une variable de processus, donnant une piste pour modéliser les habitats préférentiels. Ces deux types d habitats peuvent etre reliés aux niveaux d un système en patchs hiérarchiques dynamique.The identification of relevant spatial scales in organism-environment relationships is a key step in the understanding of an ecosystem. To study this concern, the hierarchical patch dynamic theory offers a unique concept to relate the ecological processes, patterns and scales. Based on this theory, we approach the identification of relevant spatial scale in organism-environment relationships, with the intention to explicitly account for the spatial component of ecological processes. From the comparison between the PCNM method and the geostatistical approach applied to spruce s defoliation caused by spruce budworm in Ontario (Canada), the geostatistical approach is more efficient to identify relevant spatial scale in organism-environment relationships. Even so, to answer the question of significance of identified scales, we developed a Monte-Carlo test for nested variogram models. However classical geostatistics could be difficult to use with ecological data which have positive, skewed distribution. To consider this problem, we developed a hierarchical model associated to geostatistics and applied it to modelling spatial distribution of auks (Uria spp) in the Bay of Biscay. Tree levels of patches were characterized : a very broad scale patch (200 km), broad scale patches (50 km) and fine scale patches (10 km). The spatio-temporal analysis of links between auk distribution and the oceanographic landscape discriminates between the process variables which feature a stable link in term of sign and correlation among time and circumstance variables which have unstable link. At very broad scale, the surface salinity, the mixed layer depth and the chlorophyll a, could be view as process variables which have been used to define the potential habitat of auks during the wintering season. At broad scale, only chlorophyll a is selected as a process variable, giving a path to model preferential habitats. These two kinds of habitats can then be connected to different levels of a hierarchical patch dynamic system.AIX-MARSEILLE2-BU Sci.Luminy (130552106) / SudocSudocFranceF
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