1,720,957 research outputs found
A comparison of the performance of generalized procrustes analysis and the intraclass coefficient of correlation to estimate interrater reliability /
No full textA problem often encountered in epidemiology is the evaluation of the validity of a questionnaire administered to subjects. This is usually performed with the help of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The ICC, however, has several drawbacks.This thesis addresses questions on the use of Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) to estimate interrater reliability in epidemiology. GPA is one of the family of methods that are concerned with the analysis of data arising from several subjects. It is a powerful multivariate statistical technique developed in the framework of sensory evaluation to primarily assess interjudge reliability and furthermore to measure the effect of treatments, usually food products in a sensory study. Because of the empirical nature of GPA, informal graphical methods that allow multidimensional spaces to be explored to reveal structure in the data are commonly used, hence facilitating the interpretation of results.Therefore, it is of interest to investigate how GPA could be adapted to epidemiology, more specifically, in the development of scales and in the evaluation of interrater reliability and to evaluate the similarities and differences compared to the ICC
Evaluation of the performance of the generalized estimating equations method for the analysis of crossover designs
No full textCrossover designs are widely used in clinical trials. The main advantage of this type of design is that the treatments are compared within subjects. That is, every subject provides a direct comparison of the treatments he or she has received. In general, a smaller number of subjects is needed to obtain the same precision than with a cross-sectional design. However, because of the correlations within subjects arising from the repeated measurements, the usual analysis of variance based on ordinary least squares (OLS) may be inappropriate to analyze crossover designs. Some approximate likelihood based tests that take into account the structure of the covariance matrix have recently been proposed in the literature.The aim of this thesis is to compare the performance of the OLS method and two of the approximate likelihood based tests to a non-likelihood based method, the generalized estimating equations, for testing the treatment and carryover effects, in crossover designs, under the assumption of multivariate normality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Seniors in the emergency department : age and gender differences in presenting characteristics and predictors of adverse functional outcome at six months
No full textWith the rapid aging of the population, the presence of seniors in the emergency department (ED) is increasing. While the functional outcomes of seniors following an ED visit has been described, their predictors have not been examined by gender and age. This prospective multi-centre study of a cohort of 1659 seniors living in the community described the characteristics of men and women, age 65 to 79 and age 80 and over, presenting to the ED, and defined predictors of adverse functional outcome (functional decline, institutionalisation or death) 6 months after their visit.There were more gender differences in the presenting characteristics and predictors in seniors age 65 to 79, than in those aged 80 and over. Two factors predicted adverse functional outcome in all seniors: admission to hospital at the ED visit and baseline level of disability. For seniors age 80 and over, these were the main predictors. For seniors age 65 to 79, predictors differed by gender. Among men, death was more frequent and predictors included measures of comorbidity. Among women, functional decline was more frequent and predictors included living alone, visual and cognitive impairment.These results underline the importance of age and gender when describing functional outcomes of seniors. Knowledge of these predictors should allow emergency department staff to identify seniors at risk and develop appropriate interventions that may help prevent such poor outcome
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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