1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Access to antiretroviral treatment in the public sector, in Zambia
No full textDissertation (MPH)--University of Pretoria, 2009.Aim To determine the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of patients accessing antiretroviral treatment, in the public sector in Zambia. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey, using a pre-structured interview questionnaire, with patients on antiretroviral treatment. A total of 200 patients receiving antiretroviral treatment at the 2 national referral hospitals and seven provincial hospitals providing ART were included in the study Data was analyzed using STATA version 8. Analysis was by frequency tables and summary statistics. Results The majority of the patients on antiretroviral treatment were females at 61.5 percent. Most of the patients were in the age group 40 - 44 years old. Most of the patients were married followed by those who were widowed, who were predominantly female. The net monthly income was generally low for most patients and the forty thousand Kwacha monthly contributions for ARVs was high for most patients. Higher levels of education were associated with increased access to antiretroviral treatment. Conclusion and Recommendations There were more females than males accessing antiretroviral treatment in the public sector in Zambia. The majority of patients have a low income and the forty thousand Kwacha monthly contributions towards ARVs was high for most patients. It is recommended that antiretroviral treatment be provided for free or at a highly subsidized cost and also that the Ministry of Health increases the ART centers if the goal to put 100,000 on treatment by the end of 2005 is to be achieved.School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH)Unrestricte
Factors associated with co-morbidity of HIV and cervical cancer in Swaziland
Get PDFDissertation (MPH)--University of Pretoria, 2015.Background Human immune-deficiency virus makes it difficult for the body to
fight the incidence and reoccurrence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
which is associated with cervical cancer. People with HIV infection thus have a
higher risk for cervical cancer. The objective of the study was to determine
factors associated with co-morbidity of HIV and cervical cancer in Swaziland.
Methods A retrospective review was conducted at Mbabane Government
Hospital, the national referral hospital in Swaziland. All histologically confirmed
cervical cancer records from 2010 to 2012 with HIV status documentation were
considered for analysis. Univariate logistic regression was used to determine the
association between HIV and age, marital status, parity, cancer staging and
treatment option. Multivariate logistic regression was used to establish the
predictive model.
Findings It was found that out of 257 cervical cancer patients, 60% (n=155)
were HIV positive. Patients that were less than 49 years of age were 5·96 times
(CI: 3·4 – 10·4) more likely to be HIV positive than HIV negative patients.
Patients that were never married were 3.7 times more likely to be HIV positive
than married patients (CI: 1.96 – 6·83). Patients that had parity of two and less
were 3.7 times more likely to be HIV positive.
Interpretation In summary, the results of this study imply that age, parity and
marital status are the main factors associated with comorbidity of HIV and
cervical cancer in Swaziland. This calls for targeted screening of women
particularly single women within 33 and 47 years old found positive.tm2015School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH)MPHUnrestricte
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Survival of children on Antiretroviral Therapy in Swaziland : a retrospective cohort study
Get PDFDissertation (MPH)--University of Pretoria, 2014.Objectives: To evaluate effectiveness of Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) services on clinical outcomes and survival of HIV infected children [0-15 years) in Swaziland. Study design: A retrospective cohort analysis of medical records for 4170 HIV-infected children who were initiated on ART between 2004 and 2008 was conducted. The Signed-ranks test, Kaplan Meier Estimator, and Cox-P H regression model were used to compare clinical outcomes between relevant predictors. Results: The results reveal that clinical outcomes for HIV-infected children on ART were desirable as indicated by significant CD4 gain (from 17 CD4% to 35 CD4%, 14 CD4% to 34 CD4%, and from 194 to 592 CD4 count in mm3 for children aged [0-2) years, [2-5) years and [5-15) years, respectively, p<=0.001). Early initiated children were dying at a rate estimated to be 67% times lower than children who were delayed ART (p-value<=0.001). Children within the age group of [2-5) years had higher hazard (HR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.33-1.89) of death than children within the age group of [5-15) years. Conclusions: The ART paediatric programme in Swaziland proved to be effective as demonstrated by positive clinical outcomes. Early initiation proved to be effective in increasing survival time for children.tm2015School of Health Systems and Public Health (SHSPH)MPHUnrestricte
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