102,184 research outputs found
Trends in the mesopause region temperature and our present understanding-an update
No full textA comprehensive review of the long-term changes and trends in the thermal structure of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region has been provided by Beig et al. Beig, G., Keckhut, P., Lowe, R.P., Roble, R.G., Mlynczak, M.G., Scheer, J., Fomichev, V.I., Offermann, D., French, W.J.R., Shepherd, M.G., Semenov, A.I., Remsberg, E.E., She, C.Y., Lübken, F.J., Bremer, J., Clemesha, B.R., Stegman, J., Sigernes, F., Fadnavis, S., 2003. Review of mesospheric temperature trends. Rev. Geophys. 41 (4), 1015, doi: 10.1029/2002RG000121 in which results and analysis reported until about early 2002 were included. Since then not much new information on the temperature trends has been added. Nevertheless, some new results along with some modified results by revisiting the older data sets have been reported in recent time. Our understanding on the nature of temperature trends in the MLT region is relatively better understood now and model agreements with some of the specific observed feature are better reproduced in recent time. This paper briefly summarizes the progress made over the recent past in the field of mesopause region temperature trends and provide an update to Beig et al. (2003). Some new information is also added in recent time on the seasonal trend variability in temperature of the mesopause region which is also discussed in this article. Finally the new insight into the probable mechanisms to understand the observed trends along with future scope of the work in this field is outlined
Trends in the mesopause region temperature and our present understanding-an update
No full textA comprehensive review of the long-term changes and trends in the thermal structure of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region has been provided by Beig et al. [Beig, G., Keckhut, P., Lowe, R.P., Roble, R.G., Mlynczak, M.G., Scheer, J., Fomichev, V.I., Offermann, D., French, W.J.R., Shepherd, M.G., Semenov, A.I., Remsberg, E.E., She, C.Y., Lubken, F.J., Bremer, J., Clemesha, B.R., Stegman, J., Sigernes, F., Fadnavis, S., 2003. Review of mesospheric temperature trends. Rev. Geophys. 41 (4), 1015, doi: 10.1029/2002RG000121] in which results and analysis reported until about early 2002 were included. Since then not much new information on the temperature trends has been added. Nevertheless, some new results along with some modified results by revisiting the older data sets have been reported in recent time. Our understanding on the nature of temperature trends in the MLT region is relatively better understood now and model agreements with some of the specific observed feature are better reproduced in recent time. This paper briefly summarizes the progress made over the recent past in the field of mesopause region temperature trends and provide an update to Beig et al. (2003). Some new information is also added in recent time on the seasonal trend variability in temperature of the mesopause region which is also discussed in this article. Finally the new insight into the probable mechanisms to understand the observed trends along with future scope of the work in this field is outlined
Long-term trends in the temperature of the mesosphere/lower thermosphere region: 2. Solar response
No full textUnderstanding trends in any atmospheric quantity typically requires the ability to distinguish between naturally occurring processes that result in trends, such as the 11 year solar cycle, and potential anthropogenic secular trends that occur simultaneously. After the review of mesospheric and lower thermospheric temperature response to solar activity by Beig et al. (2008), a few new results along with some modified results by revisiting the older data sets have been reported recently. Main improvement is due to the length of data series and amount of data which have been accounted in recent years. This article summarizes the progress made in the field of temperature variability due to changing solar activity as reported recently. Recent investigations revealed that the solar signal becomes stronger with increasing latitude in the mesosphere. Temperature response to solar activity at the lower part of mesopause region is around a few degrees per 100 solar flux units (sfu), which becomes stronger (4-5 K/100 sfu) in the upper part of this region in both hemispheres. The overall global picture indicates that the solar signal in the mesopause region temperature in the Northern Hemisphere is relatively stronger in recent time in a majority of locations compared to results reported in earlier reviews
Long-term trends in the temperature of the mesosphere/lower thermosphere region: 1. Anthropogenic influences
No full textA detailed overview of long-term secular trends in temperature of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere considered to be induced by increase in greenhouse gases has been provided by Beig et al. (2003). Since then, quite a few new results have been emerged as some of the data series have become sufficiently large enough to provide results with improved confidence. Our understanding on the nature of temperature trends in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) region is relatively better now. In the mesosphere, some of the results confirmed the earlier findings, and some new results obtained by satellite and lidar data over the tropical region have indicated a relatively weaker cooling trend as compared to the past but nevertheless strengthened the conclusion about the cooling trends. However, in the mesopause region, some of the new results now indicate a break in trend and tendency of negative signal where earlier no trend feature was noticed. This slice of no trend feature in between two cooling regimes was puzzling the modeling community, who were in search of a convincing explanation. This paper briefly outlines the progress made over the recent past in the field of MLT region secular temperature trends attributed mainly to growth of greenhouse gases near the Earth's surface
A two-dimensional model of ion composition in the stratosphere 2. Negative ions
No full textA two-dimensional meridional model of negative ions in the stratosphere is presented. It indicates that NO3 - and HSO4 - core ions with HNO3 and H2SO4 ligands are the most abundant negative ions in this region of the atmosphere. In accordance with observations at 44° N the model predicts a sharp changeover of HSO4 - core ions over NO3 - core ions at about 32 km. It also predicts a reverse changeover at 42 km above which NO3 - core ions again become dominant. For other latitudes no comparison can be made due to the lack of observational data. The negative ion composition appears to be determined by sulfuric acid vapor and nitric acid concentrations. The sensitivity of the ion composition model to the concentration of these acids is discussed. Finally, the meridional distributions of major negative ions are presented. A companion paper on positive ions is presented by Beig et al. (this issue)
Atmospheric and ionospheric response to trace gas perturbations through the ice age to the next century in the middle atmosphere. Part II - Ionization
No full textA global two-dimensional meridional ion composition model of the middle atmosphere is used to examine the effect of changing concentrations of several greenhouse gases on the overall distribution of ionization for this region, along with a steady state calculation for the upper heights. Changes in the neutral parameters for this study are taken from the companion article (Beig and Mitra, (1997). It has been predicted that there are several sensitive signals of man-made perturbations in the middle atmospheric ionization. In the mesospheric region, for a doubled CO2 scenario, we find that the total ionization density does not change appreciably and the maximum variation is found to be around 15% at about 70 km. However, the distribution of individual ions shows a considerable variation (up to about 100%) throughout the middle atmosphere. The fall-off height of the fractional abundance of water cluster ions is higher for 2050 A.D., suggesting domination of these ions up to greater heights. The concentration of water cluster ions increases below about 85 km; above this height it starts to decrease sharply with height. When a scenario with doubled CO2, with CH4 and business-as-usual (BAU) (for CFCs and N2O) is considered in the stratospheric region, it is found that only one family of negative ions, called NO3-core ions, is dominant instead of two in the normal case. Simulations are also made through the ages since the last ice age. Results indicate a reverse trend as compared to the above
Bibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Recommended from our members
3346: Samuel G. Freedman, author, 2013
No full textPhotograph of author Samuel G. Freedman, at NT Daily Slash meeting in the Mayborn School of Journalism at UNT
- …
