1,720,965 research outputs found
Usage of traceability-models to support the development of technical systems
No full textBei der Entwicklung komplexer mechatronischer Produkte wird in spezialisierten Software-Werkzeugen eine Vielzahl digitaler Produkt-beschreibender Informationsartefakte generiert. Selbst erfahrene Entwickler können die inhaltlichen Zusammenhänge zwischen diesen Artefakten nicht vollständig erfassen. Das Ziel von Traceability ist es, diese Systemzusammenhänge zur Unterstützung der Entwickler informationstechnisch zu explizieren.
Derzeit stehen dem Einsatz von Traceability in der Praxis jedoch zwei wesentliche Hindernisse entgegen: die aufwändige Erstellung von Traceability-Modellen sowie deren unklarer Mehrwert für die Unternehmen. Die Entwicklung neuartiger Nutzenoptionen von Traceability für die Mechatronik-Entwicklung ist das übergeordnete Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit.
Dazu wird zunächst untersucht, wie etablierte Methoden der Produktentwicklung durch Traceability-Modelle unterstützt werden können. Für ausgewählte Entwicklungsmethoden (u. a. FMEA und House of Quality) wird die Anreicherung mit Traceability-Informationen auf konzeptioneller Ebene beschrieben und die Wirksamkeit der Unterstützung mittels einer prototypischen Software-Implementierung exemplarisch für das House of Quality nachgewiesen.
Ein weiterer Vorteil von Traceability ist, dass deren Visualisierung, durch das Abbilden der Zusammenhänge, Entwicklern das Verständnis komplexer Systeme erleichtert. Daher wird im Rahmen der Arbeit ein Traceability-Visualisierungskonzept hergeleitet, das den Spezifika der Mechatronik Rechnung trägt, und dessen Eignung durch Nutzerstudien abgesichert. Das Konzept wird im Visualisierungswerkzeug Ariadne’s Eye prototypisch implementiert. Dessen Evaluierung auf Basis etablierter Lesbarkeitsmetriken ergibt im Vergleich zu einer konventionellen Visualisierung erhebliche Vorteile.
Auch im Änderungsmanagement kommt der Traceability eine große Bedeutung zu, weil ein existierendes Traceability-Modell effiziente Auswirkungsanalysen von Änderungen (sog. Impact Analysen) ermöglicht. Daher wird eine Methode zur Traceability-basierten Impact Analyse für mechatronische Produkte hergeleitet und deren Wirksamkeit mittels einer Nutzerstudie abgesichert. Anschließend wird die Methode mit Ariadne’s Eye zu einem visuellen Impact-Analyse-Assistenzsystem kombiniert. In einer weiteren Nutzerstudie wird belegt, dass die Effizienz und Nutzerakzeptanz von Impact Analysen auf Basis der entwickelten Visualisierung alternativen Bewertungsmethoden signifikant überlegen ist.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird somit ein breites Spektrum an Lösungen für die Verwendung von Traceability-Modellen in unterschiedlichen Phasen der Produktentwicklung aufgezeigt. Sie leistet somit einen wichtigen Forschungsbeitrag auf dem Weg, die Hemmschwelle zur Einführung von Traceability in Unternehmen weiter zu senken.When developing complex mechatronic products a big number of digital product-defining artefacts is generated in highly specialized software tools. Even experienced developers have difficulties to fully understand the interdependencies between these artefacts. It is the primary aim of traceability to make these interdependencies explicit by using information technology in order to support product development.
Currently there are two main obstacles for the broader use of traceability in industrial practice: the high effort required to capture the traceability model and the unclear benefits of its usage. The latter is the main motivation for this thesis: namely to develop innovative concepts for the usage of traceability information in the development of mechatronic products.
To address this challenge, the present thesis is investigating how established development methods can be supported by artefact-spanning traceability models. For a selection of these methods (e. g. FMEA and House of Quality) concepts of how they can be assisted with traceability information are elaborated. A software prototype was implemented for the method House of Quality in order to exemplarily verify the developed concept.
A further benefit of traceability information is that its visualization supports developers in comprehending complex systems. Therefore a concept for visualizing artefact-spanning traceability information is developed that also takes the specifics of mechatronics into account. It is evaluated through a user study and implemented in the prototypical visualization software Ariadne’s Eye, which itself is compared with conventional visualization solutions through established readability metrics.
Traceability can also play an important role in engineering change management, since traceability models allow for an efficient analysis of potential change impacts. For that reason a traceability-based impact analysis method for mechatronic products is developed, whose efficiency is verified through a user study. This method is then combined with Ariadne’s Eye to a visual, dialogue-based assistance system for impact analyses. Another user study shows that the efficiency and user acceptance of the developed solution is significantly better than impact analyses based on matrix- or list-visualization.
In this manner the present thesis offers a variety of traceability usage solutions for different phases of the development process for mechatronic products. It therefore provides a significant contribution in promoting the introduction of traceability in industry
Verwendung von Traceability-Modellen zur Unterstützung der Entwicklung technischer Systeme
No full textDie Arbeit stellt ein breites Spektrum innovativer Lösungen zur Nutzung von Traceability-Daten in der Produktentwicklung vor. Dazu zählen die Unterstützung etablierter Entwicklungsmethoden (wie bspw. House of Quality oder FMEA), ein Visualisierungswerkzeug für die Abhängigkeiten zwischen mehreren Entwicklungsmodellen sowie eine Methode zur frühen Abschätzung von Änderungsauswirkungen - alles auf Basis von Traceability-Daten. Eine Vielzahl von Nutzerstudien belegt die Wirksamkeit der entwickelten Lösungen, deren Realisierbarkeit mittels eines Software-Prototyps demonstriert wird. Die vorliegende Arbeit leistet somit einen wichtigen Forschungsbeitrag auf dem Weg, die Hemmschwelle zur Einführung von Traceability in Unternehmen weiter zu senken
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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